Chapter (1)

Whole Numbers and Integers

1. Types of numbers

1 2
Rational Numbers = 2.5, 3.5, … / , , …
2 3
Integers = …, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, …
Whole Numbers = 0, 1, 2, 3, …

2. Order of Operation

1st : Parentheses
2nd : Exponent
3rd : Multiply & Divide
4th : Add & Subtract

(Solve the multiplication and division from left to right)

3. Absolute value of a number

Absolute value of 8 = |8| = 8

Absolute value of -8 = |-8| = 8

(Also described as the distance between zero and number)

1
4. Distance between two numbers

The distance between 3 and 5:

Simplified = |3-5| = |-2| = 2 units

Expression = |3-5| or |5-3|

5. Reflection on coordinate plane

If reflection is on x-axis, change y sign.

(x, y) ↔ (x, -y)

If reflection is on y-axis, change x sign.

(x, y) ↔ (-x, y)

If reflection is on origin, change both x and y sign.

(x, y) ↔ (-x, -y) or (-x, y) ↔ (x, -y)

6. Geometric meaning

It means the answer expressed the graph.

5>3 (5 is to the right of 3 on the number line.)

3<5 (3 is to the left of 5 on the number line.)

2
7. Greatest Common Factor

Greatest common factor of 42 and 36 =?

42 = 7× 3 × 2
36 = 3 × 3 × 2 × 2
GCF = 3× 2 = 6

8. Least Common Multiple

Least common factor of 6 and 9 =?

6, 12, 18, …
9, 18, …
LCM = 18

9. Quadrant names

QII QI
(-, +) (+, +)

QIII QIV
(-, -) (+, -)

Quadrant I have positive x value and positive y value.

Quadrant II have negative x value and positive y value.
Quadrant III have negative x value and negative y value.
Quadrant IV have positive x value and negative y value.

(Quadrant names are counted as anti-clockwise)

3
 Chapter-1
Whole Numbers and Integers
1.What is the greatest common factor of the expressions 40v2f and
17v2f2?

2. To the nearest thousand, what is 4,500?

3. To the nearest hundred, what is 1563?

4. To the nearest tens, what is 734?

5. Which of the following is a list of all the factors of 18?

A. 1 and 18
B. 1,2,3,6,9 and 18
C. 1,2,3,6,9,12 and 18
D. 1,2,3,4,6,9,12 and 18

6. What is the greatest common factor of 15 and 28?

A. 1
B. 3
C. 4
D. 15

4
7. What is the least common multiple of 15 and 25?
A. 1
B. 5
C. 75
D. 150

8. 14 - |6- (-5) |×3 =?

A. -19
B. 9
C. 47
D. 75

9. Which of the following represents the sum of the factors of 14?

A. 9
B. 10
C. 23
D. 24

10. Which of the following is Not a multiple of 4?

A. 4
B. 12
C. 34
D. 68

11. Order the following numbers from least to greatest; -

1.22, -1.40, -1.15, -1.67, -1.53.

5
12. Jean and Sally are playing bingo. The bingo cards are numbered 1
through 75. Fascinated with mathematics, they wonder how many of
those numbers are prime numbers?
A. 22
B. 21
C. 23
D. 75

13. Every 3 days, we feed our anaconda. Every 14 days, we clean his
cage. Today, we cleaned his cage and fed him. How many days from
today will we feed him and clean his cage on the same day?
A. 28
B. 42
C. 26
D. 35

14. Find the value of 23 + (8-5)2 – 3?

15. Compute 72 + (11 – 4) + (9 + 14).

16. Find the value of the expression 22 + 6 [ (14 – 5) ÷ 3 (17 – 14)].

A. 2.73
B. 28
C. 76
D. 97

6
17. What is the geometric meaning of -7 > -9?
A. -7 is greater than -9
B. -9 is less than -7
C. -7 is to the right of -9 on the number line
D. -9 is to the left of -7 on the number line

18. Which expression is undefined in the set of real numbers?

A. 04
B. -4 × 0

C.
D. √5

19. Which of the following could be the product of two consecutive

prime numbers?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 15
D. 9

20. What is the point of reflection (0, -5) in the x-axis?

A. ( -5,0)
B. (0, 5)
C. (0, -5)
D. (5, 0)

7
21. What is the absolute value expression of -11?
A. 11
B. -11
C. -|11|
D. |-11|

22. Simplify 2 + 32 (9 – 6 ÷ 3).

23. What is the greatest common factor of 12x2y3 and 18x2y2.

24. Simplify (4 – 1) – (11 – 2 – 3) ÷ 3.

A. 3
B. 2
C. 1
D. 0

25. Starting at -17 on the number line, in which direction must you go
left or right to find -25?

26. Solve -2 + 3 × 6 – 12 ÷ 3 + 2.

A.

B. 14
C. 16

D.

8
27. On a number line, how far apart are -2 and 7?
A. 2 units
B. 7 units
C. 9 units
D. -9 units

28. Jeff went to the casino with $1,000 in his pocket. He lost $400 of
it playing blackjack, won $900 playing craps, then left the casino.
How much money did he leave with?
A. $1,500
B. $300
C. $500
D. $2,300

29. In order to calculate 50 – 20 ÷ 5 + 82. What step

must you take first?
A. Subtracting twenty from fifty
B. Dividing twenty by five
C. Calculating the square of eight
D. Adding five and eight

30. List the factors of 80.

9
 Chapter (2)
Exponents, Roots, and Properties of Numbers

𝑦𝑦
base 𝑥𝑥 exponent

1. Exponent laws

𝑥𝑥 3 × 𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝑥𝑥 3+2

𝑥𝑥 2 × 𝑦𝑦 2 = (𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥)2

1
𝑥𝑥 −2 =
𝑥𝑥 2

1
𝑥𝑥 = √𝑥𝑥
2

2
𝑥𝑥 = ∛𝑥𝑥 2
3

2. Usages for chapter-2

- As a radical = √5
- With an exponent = 52
- Repeated multiplication = 5× 5 × 5

10
 Chapter – 2
Exponents, Roots and Properties Of Numbers

1.What is ?
A. 4x
B. 16x2
C. 4
D. 8x

2. Simplify √45 + √125.

A. 5√3
B. 8√5
C. 3
D. 5√8

√76
3.Simplify the expression .
√38

4.What is √0.25?
A. 0.005
B. 0.05
C. 0.5
D. 5

11
5. What is the value of 93/2?
A. 3
B. 9
C. 27
D. 81

6. Which of the following is equal to (0.04)5/2?

A. 0.00032
B. 0.0032
C. 0.032
D. 0.32

7. Which of the following is equal to 5 ?

A. 211
B. 3
C. 24+ 6
D. 23+32

8. Which of the following expressions has the least value?

A. 3-3
B. 41
C. 41
D. 2-4

12
9.Evaluate; -(-9)2, -82, -52.

10.In the expression 5x , what is the radicand?

11.Is the following statement true or false? Justify your answer.

12. Simplify 2 .

13. Simplify the numerical expression ).

3 3
14. Simplify √27, √−125.

15. Simplify √45, √125.

16. Simplify 5v0.

17. Which of the following is equivalent to 50.5× 52?

A. 50.5+ 52
B. 5
C. 51
D. 52.5

13
18. Simplify the expression (3x2)4.

19. The square root of 7 is between which of the following pairs of

numbers?
A. 2 and 3
B. 3 and 4
C. 4.5 and 5.5
D. 9 and 10

20. Simplify the expression in radical form √536.

21. Compute (-3)5.

22. A particle travels through space at 75 miles per hour. How many
miles does it travel in 712 hours?
A. 717
B. 7-7
C. 77
1−7
D.
7

1
23. Simplify the expression� .
49

1
A. √
7
B. 1/7
C. 7
D. 49

14
 𝑦𝑦 5 𝑧𝑧 −2
24. Simplify .
𝑦𝑦 2 𝑧𝑧 6

25. Which expression is undefined in the set of real numbers?

A. √−4

B.
C. 04
D. 4 × 0

26. Which of the following is not equal to -64?

A. (-4)3
B. -43
C. -26
D. (-2)6

27. Simplify √192.

A. 8√3
B. 4√12
C. 16√12
D. 64√3

28. Simplify the following expression:

A.
B. √3 + 5√6
C.
D.

15
 3
29. Simplify √−216.

4
30. Without using a calculator, evaluate ( )−3
5

A.

B.

C.

D.

16
 Chapter (3)
Fractions and Operations

𝟑𝟑 numerator
integer 2
𝟒𝟒 denominator

1. Types of fractions

1 2 3
Proper fraction = , ,
2 3 4
3 4 5
Improper fraction = , ,
2 3 4
2 4
Mixed fraction =1 ,3
3 5

2. Usages for chapter-3

𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦
Reciprocal of =
𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥
24 2
Lowest term/form of =
36 3

3. Order arrangement

If you have to arrange the order of fractional numbers,

adjust the denominators to be the same, and compare the
numerators.

4 3 20 21
__  <
7 5 35 35

17
 Chapter – 3
Fractions And Operations

1.If of a group of students say their favorite leisure activity is

swimming and of the group say their favorite leisure activity is

tennis, what fraction of the group prefers neither swimming nor
tennis?

A.

B.

C.

D.

2. In the town of Arkville, a total of 80 people came in to be tested for

Lyme disease. Half of them were found to have the disease. Of those
who did not have the disease when first tested, one quarter later
developed it. What fraction of the original 80 people got Lyme
disease?

A.

B.

C.

D.

18
3. Susan did of her homework on Tuesday and of her homework
on Wednesday. What fraction of her homework remains to be done?

A.
B.
C.
D.

4. Eighteen out of every 24 people surveyed say they went to at least

one movie in December. What fraction of the people surveyed went to
at least one movie in December?

A.

B.

C.

D.

5. Add 556+ 223.

6. Subtract 378 from 15.

19
7. At a fabric store, Melissa sold 878 yards of cloth to a customer. If
1
the material was cut from a bolt of fabric containing 23 yards,
4
how many yards are left on the bolt?

A. 14
B. 15

C. 15

D. 31

8. A tailor has 20 yards of shirt fabric. How many shirts can she

complete if each shirt requires 2 yards of fabric?

A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 10

9. An insurance agent estimates that it takes hour to process a

customer’s claim. If the agent spends 22 hours per week processing
claims, about how many claims does he process in a week?
A. 1423
B. 33
C. 44
D. 66

20
10. Gina is paid $8 an hour. If she earned $258 in 1 week, how many
hours did she work?

A. 34
B. 32

C. 32

D. 32

11. Scott is driving about 380 miles from Los Angeles to San

Francisco. He plans to cover of the distance before noon. How

many miles does he plan to drive before noon?
A. 285
B. 254
C. 126
D. 95

12. A survey shows that of all homeowners have a pet. Of those,

have either a dog or a cat. Of the homeowners surveyed, what
fraction has either a dog or a cat?

A.

B.

C.

D.

21
13. A developer plans to build homes on 20 acres. She estimates that

6 acres will be used for roads. The remaining land will be divided

into acre lots. How many lots can the subdivision include?

A. 7
B. 57
C. 81
D. 107
14. A cookie recipe calls for 1 cups of sugar. If you wanted to make
half the quantity shown in the recipe, how many cups of sugar would
you use?

A.

B.

C.

D.

15. A project should take no more than 60 hours. If John can spare 7.5
hours per day to work on the project, what is the maximum number of
days it will take him to finish?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9

22
16. Of his take-home pay each month, Jerry spends on a car

payment and on food. What fraction of his take-home pay is left

after paying for these two items?

17. If a woman sleeps only 6 hours per night and spends of her
waking hours at work, then what fraction of the total 24hour day ( on
a work day ) is the women at work?
A. 8
B.
C.
D.

18. In a new car lot, of the red cars were red and were green. At

the end of the month, of the red cars were sold and of the green
ones were sold. What was the total fraction of cars sold?

A.
B.
C.
D.

19. Put the following list of fractions in order from least to greatest;

, , , .

23
20. Jonna runs of a mile every day. How many miles does she
run in three weeks?

A.
B. 1.4
C. 14.7
D. 2.1

21. Find the reciprocal of - ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

22. What is the quotient of and ?

23. A cylindrical oil tank is one-third full. If 3 more gallons are

added, the tank will be one-half full. What is the capacity of the
tank?
A. 16 gallons
B. 17 gallons
C. 18 gallons
D. 19 gallons

24
24. It takes 1 hours of factory worker to assemble one television set.

How many television sets can be assembled in 17 hours?

A. 10
B. 13
C. 14
D. 16
E.
25. Jill had 3 full pans of brownies. Each pan made 10 brownies. She

gives of the brownies to her friends. How many brownies did Jill
give away?
A. 0.27
B. 2.5
C. 11.25
D. 10.75

26. Write as a mixed number in lowest terms.

27. What is the greatest common factor that could be used to reduce
?
A. 18
B. 6
C. 9
D. 14

25
28. A jar of marbles contains two sizes of marbles; normal and

jumbo. There are 84 normal size marbles. If of the marbles are

jumbo size, then how many marbles total are in the jar?
A. 108
B. 105
C. 110
D. 125
29. If Mark can mow of a lawn in 1 hour, how many hours does it
take him to mow the entire lawn?
A. 0.5
B. 0.6
C. 1.5
D. 1.3

30. John needs to replace the boards on a 22-foot section of his

fence. He plans to place the boards. If the boards are 5 inches wide,
how many boards should he buy to cover the distance? A. 4
B. 5.5
C. 48
D. 53

26
 Chapter (4)
Decimal Numbers and Operations

ones
tens tenths
hundreds 2 3 4. 5 6 hundredths

1. Usages for chapter-4

1 digit (1 to 9)
2 digits (10 to 99)
3 digits (100 to 999)

Digit 3 1237.05
Digit 7 1237.05

2. Moving decimal point

500 = 5× 100 = 5× 102

5 5
0.05 = = = 5× 10−2
100 102

3. Standard form & scientific notation

Standard form = 12500

Scientific notation = 1.25 × 104

27
 Chapter-4
Decimals Numbers And Operations

1.Round 0.2395 to the nearest hundredth place.

2. Round 756.646 to the nearest tenth place.

3. Round 10.0973 to the nearest thousandth place.

4. Change 0.72 to a fraction and simplify.

5. Arrange the decimals numbers from least to greatest;

0.0012, 0.00067, 0.0023, 0.01, 0.009.

6. Convert to a decimal rounded to the nearest hundredth.

7. James ran 3 miles. His times for the individual miles were 7.2
minutes, 6.8 minutes and 8.25 minutes. How long did it take him,
in minutes, to run the 3-mile distance?
A. 22.25
B. 22.7
C. 23.35
D. 96.5

28
8. Mona purchased the following art supplies: a storage box for
$16.98, a set of art markers for $31.78 and a pad of paper for $6.5.
What was the cost of the three items?
A. $48.76
B. $53.26
C. $55.26
D. $61.76

9. One container of floor cleaner holds 3.79 liters. If Zachary bought 4

containers, how many liters of cleaner did he buy?
A. 0.9475
B. 7.79
C. 12.83
D. 15.16

10. Aramando drove 278.7 miles over a 3-day period. On average,

how many miles did he drive each day?
A. 9.3
B. 90.3
C. 92.9
D. 836.1

29
11. A shool buys 1000 white-board markers. Below is the price per
marker for two brands. How much did the school save by buying
Brand A instead of Brand B?
Brand A: $0.27 each
Brand B: $0.36 each
A.$0.09
B. $0.90
C. $9.00
D. $90.00

12. A project should take no more than 60 hours. If John can spare 7.5
hours per day to work on the project, what is the maximum number of
days it will take him to finish?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8

D. D. 9

13. What is the difference between and expressed

decimally?
A. 0.55
B. 0.425
C. 0.525
D. 0.500

30
14. The total cost of 3 pounds of meat at $1.69 a pound and
20 lemons at $0.6 a dozen will be
A. $6.92
B. $6.00
C. $6.52
D. $6.82

15. 345 fasteners at $4.15 per hundred will cost

A. $0.1432
B. $1.4320
C. $14.32
D. $143.20

16. What is 19.6 divided by 3.2, carried out to 3 decimal places?

A. 6.125
B. 6.124
C. 6.123
D. 5.123

31
17. The City Center parking garage charges $3.5 for the first hour and

$1.25 for each additional hour. How much would it cost to park at

the garage for 2 hours?

A. $4.75
B. $6.25
C. $7.25
D. $9.75

18. Luis bought 20 shares of stock, priced at $26.38 per share. He also
paid an $8 transaction fee. How much did he pay for the shares and
the fee?
A. $687.60
B. $535.60
C. $527.60
D. $519.60

19. If a boat takes 2 hours to travel 30 miles, how long will it take to
travel 72 miles?
A. 1.2 hours
B. 4 hours
C. 4.8 hours
D. 6 hours

32
20. A specialized part for a manufacturing process has a thickness of
1.2 × 10-3inches. To the ten-thousandth of an inch, what would be the
thickness of a stack of 10 of these parts?
A. 0.0001
B. 0.0012
C. 0.0120
D. 0.1200

21. A 32-ounce bag of potato chips has a retail cost of $3.45. To the
nearest 10th of a cent, what is the price per ounce of this item(in
cents)?
A. 9.3
B. 10.8
C. 28.5
D. 35.45

22. A walking trial is 11,088 feet long. If a mile is 5,280 feet, how
many miles long is the walking trial?
A. 0.2
B. 0.5
C. 1.6
D. 2.1

33
23. A human hair has an average diameter of 2.5 × 10-5 meters. What
is the maximum number of human hairs that could fit side by
side(without overlapping) on a microscope slide that is 50 millimeters
wide?Write your answer in scientific notation.
A. 2.0 × 103
B. 2.0 × 105

C. 2 × 106

D. 10-3

24. What is the sum of 2.8 × 105+ 1.7 × 104?

A. 4.5 × 105 B.
4.5 × 109

C. 2.97 × 104

D. 2.97 × 105

25. Which number equals 7 thousandths?

A. 0.7
B. 0.07
C. 0.007
D. 7,000

34
26. A newspaper charges advertisers a total of $5.5 for the first ten
words and $0.7 for each additional word. What is the cost of a 27-
word advert?
A. $6.2
B. $17.40
C. $18.90
D. $66.90

27. The speed of sound in air is 320 meters per second. If you see a
flash of lightning and it takes 8 seconds before you hear the thunder,
how many kilometers away was the lightning strike?
A. 2.56 kilometers
B. 4 kilometers
C. 40 kilometers
D. 2560 kilometers

28. Which number equals 2 hundredths?

A. 0.2
B. 0.02
C. 0.002
D. 200

35
29. The distance between two planets is 4.56 × 109 miles. Express this
in standard form.
A. 4.56 × 106
B. 4.56 × 107
C. 456 × 107

D. 4.56 × 109

30. In standard form, what would be the number 4.08 × 10−2.

A. 0.408
B. 0.00408
C. 0.0408
D. 0.000408

36
 Chapter (5)
Ratios, Rates, and Proportions

1. Ratio

The relationship in quantity between two or more things.

- The ratio 10 boys to 20 girls = 10:20 = 1:2

- The rate 24 dogs to 36 cats = 24:36 = 2:3

2. Rate

Rate is a quantity measured against another.

- 6 miles per 2 hours

- $100 per 5 hours

3. Unit rate

Unit rate is a quantity measured against a unit of another.

- 3 miles per hour

- $20 per hour

3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
3 miles per hour =
1 ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

4. Proportion

20:25 = 24:30 = 4:5

So, the ratios 20:25 and 24:30 are in proportion.

37
 Chapter – 5
Ratios, Rates and Proportion

1.Many landscape photographs measure 8 inches in length by 10

inches in width. What is the ratio of the length to the width?
A. 8:10
B. 4:5
C. 16:20
D. all of the above

2. One day at Fem’s school, 3 out of the 27 students wore school

sweaters. If the same proportion of the 918 students in the school
were wearing school sweaters, how many school sweaters were being
worn that day?
A. 102
B. 9
C. 109
D. 27

3. Deb knows she can average 66 miles per hour when driving to
visit her boyfriend. If he lives 121 miles from Deb’s home, how long
would it take her to arrive at his home?

38
4. Warren is cooking a beef stew for company. He knows that the
ratio of beef to potatoes and vegetables should be 1:3 when he
preparing 1 pound of beef stew for himself and his friend Helen. If he
invites 5 people to join them for dinner and makes his almost famous
beef stew, how much beef should he buy to prepare the same recipe?
A. 2 pounds
B. 1 pound and 17 ounces
C. 1 pound and 6 ounces
D. 1 pound and 3 ounces

5. At Consolidated Canning Corporation, the top three positions are

organized as follows with the following budgets:
Operations; $11.1 million
Human Resources; $3.7 million
Marketing; $6.5 million
A. 7:1
B. 1:2
C. 1:3
D. 3:1

39
6. Alan is in charge of the swimming pool at the local recreation
center. The pool is 120 feet long and 24 feet wide and holds 12,902
cubic feet of water. Alan knows that he can heat 250 cubic yards of
water to an acceptable temperature in 1 hour. How many hours would
it take him to bring the water up to an acceptable temperature?
A. 4.73
B. 5.73
C. 6.73
D. 7.73

7. Sam works 8 hours per day, 6 days a week, delivering flowers. If he

earns $5.5 per hour, how much does he make in 4 weeks?
A. 8 × 6 × 4 × 5.50
B. 8 × 6 × 5.50
C. [4(8) + 4(6)] 5.50
D. 5.50 × 8 + 5.50 × 4

8. If Jane can finish her work assignment in half an hour, what

part of it can she finish in 20 minutes?
1
A.
6
1
B.
3
2
C.
3
3
D.
4

40
9. If a shrub 5 feet tall casts a 2-foot shadow, how tall is a tree
standing next to the shrub that casts a 10-foot shadow at the same
moment?
A. 50 feet
B. 25 feet
C. 20 feet
D. 13 feet

10. Two songwriting collaborators decide that they will share profits
in a song in a ratio of 3 parts for the lyric writer to 2 parts for the
music writer. If the music writer gets $2,500, how much does the lyric
writer receive?
A. $2,500
B. $3,750
C. $5,000

D. D. $7,500

11. A particular lawn requires 6 bags of fertilizer. A lawn next door

requires 4 bags of fertilizer. How big is the lawn next door?
A. 10 square feet
B. 24 square feet
C. 50 square feet
D. Not enough information is given.

41
12. A train traveled at a speed of 120 kilometers per hour for 2
hours. How many kilometers did the train travel?
A. 300
B. 280
C. 240
D. 200

13. Flying at 400 miles per hour, approximately how long will it take
for a plane to travel between two cities that are 2,600 miles apart?
A. between 4 and 5 hours
B. between 5 and 6 hours
C. between 6 and 7 hours

D. between 7 and 8 hours

14. A glacier is moving at a rate of 4 feet per year. At this rate, how
long will it take the glacier to travel one mile? (1 mile = 5,280 feet)
A. 920 years
B. 1,100 years
C. 1,320 years
D. 1,540 years

42
15. Marie drives from her home to the supermarket 10 miles away and
then drives back home after shopping. If it takes her two hours for the
entire trip, including one hour spent shopping in the supermarket,
what was her average speed driving to and from the supermarket?
A. 5mph
B. 10 mph
C. 15 mph
D. 20 mph

16. A man who weighs 200 pounds goes on a diet and loses 16% of his
body weight. How much weight, in ounces, did he lose?
A. 2
B. 32
C. 200
D. 512

17. The Baby City Cardinals have won 5 out of 8 games. At the same
rate, how many games will they have to play to win 60 games?
A. 180
B. 120
C. 96
D. 12

43
18. Carla drove her truck 414 miles on 18 gasoline. How many miles
did she drive per gallon?
A. 18
B. 23
C. 74
D. 95

19. Claudia drove 155 miles in 2.5 hours. Which of the following
expressions could be used to find how many miles she can drive in 7
hours?
A. 155 × 7 ÷ 2.5 B.
2.5 × 7 ÷ 155
C. 155 × 2.5 ÷ 47

D. 7 × 2.5 × 155

20. From a total yearly budget of $360,000, the Kimball

Foundation spends $30,000 on leasing office space. What is the ratio of
dollars spent on office space to dollars spent on other costs?
A. 12:1
B. 11:1
C. 1:11
D. 1:12

44
21. At a shop, the ratio of union to nonunion workers is 7 to 3. If there
are 18 nonunion workers at the shop, how many union workers are
there?
A. 21
B. 25
C. 42
D. 126

22. For every $8 in their budget, the Parks spend $3 on food. If their
weekly budget is $704, how much do they spend on food each week?
A. $88
B. $192
C. $235
D. $264

23. A school admits 9 out of every 14 who apply. At that rate, how
many students will be admitted if 420 apply?

24. Jim rented a lawnmower from 9:00 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. He paid
a total of $53.04. What was the hourly rental fee?
A. $5.58
B. $6.24
C. $6.63
D. $7.07

45
25. Four years ago, Jenny’s annual salary was $22,625. This year, her
salary was $32,433. What will her new salary be in 5 years if it
continues to rise at the same linear rate?
A. $34,885
B. $42,241
C. $44,693
D. $55,058

26. On a sunny day, a tree casts shadow that is 33 feet long. At the
same time, a nearby 4-foottall mailbox casts a shadow that is 5.5 feet
long. What is the height of the tree? Round your answer to the nearest
foot.
A. 24 feet
B. 33 feet
C. 38 feet

D. D. 45 feet

27. A receipts for cookies calls for cup of brown sugar to make 2
dozen cookies. If Sasha has 4.5 cups of brown sugar available and
enough of all the other ingredients, how many dozen cookies can he
make?
A. 9 dozen
B. 12 dozen
C. 15 dozen
D. 24 dozen

46
28. If your daily commute equals 95 minutes, how long in hours and
minutes, do you spend commuting during a 5-day work week?
A. 1 hour, 35 minutes
B. 6 hours, 25 minutes
C. 7 hours, 55 minutes
D. 8 hours, 45 minutes

29. Meg can swim 4 laps in 11 minutes. How long should she plan to
practice if she needs to swim 10 laps, assuming her speed is constant?
A. 4.4
B. 15.7
C. 22

D. 27.5

30. A limo company charges $25.5 for the first 8 miles plus an
additional $3.50 for each extra mile. What is the cost of a 13-mile
limo ride?
A. $29.00
B. $43.00
C. $45.50
D. $221.50

47
 Chapter (6)
Percents and Application

1. Amount to percentage

- What percent of 50 is 20?

20
×100% = 40%
50

2. Percentage to amount

- What is 40% of 50?

40%
×50 = 20
100%

3. Formula for original amount/past amount

- What is the original amount of 50 that increase 20%?

100%+20%
X× = 50
100%

- What is the original amount of 50 that decrease 20%?

100%−20%
X× = 50
100%

48
 Chapter – 6
Percents And Applications

1.Jenny’s moving bill was $450 before taxes and tips. If taxes are 6%
and she also wants to tip her three professional movers $20 each, what
does her total bill equal?
A. $497
B. $498.20
C. $537
D. $540.60

2. A car dealership offers 45% off all its cars during its annual sale.
Jessica pays $7,150 for her discounted vehicle.
What was the original price of the car? Round your answer to the
nearest dollar.
A. $3,933
B.$10,368
C. $13,000
D. $15,889

3. Tom’s gross weekly salary is $840. His salary is taxed at 17%.

What is Tom’s net salary? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
A. $142.80
B. $67,290
C. $697.20
D. $982.80

49
4. Find 20% of 83?

5. Find 5% of 180?

6. What is 35% of 140?

7. What is 25% of 144?

8. If 10% of the 3,400 people who enter a sweepstakes won a prize,

how many people did Not win a prize?
A. 34
B. 340
C. 3060
D. 3366

9. If a mailing of 15,000 letters resulted in 3,750 responses, what was

the percentage of responses to the mailing?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 35%

50
10.Janice sells household products door to door. If she must pay her
supplier 60% of the money that she takes in, how much would she
keep for herself if she took in $1,200?
A. $720.00
B. $560.50
C. $480.00
D. Not enough information is given.

11. Carmen owns a computer store and had $6,750 in sales this May.
The year before, she had $8,437.50 in sales in May. If Carmen had a
profit of $5,400 this May, what percent of her sales were profits?
A. 36%
B. 60%
C. 64%
D. 80%

12. If 30 people in a room of 70 people are smokers,

approximately what percent of the people in the room are
smokers?
A. 23%
B. 30%
C. 43%
D. 57%

51
13. A bankrupt company agrees to pay its creditors 80% of what they
are actually owed. If the company pays $9,600 what did they
originally owe?
A. $7,680
B. $8,000
C. $11,520
D. $12,000

14. Pat called 120 customers to offer a software upgrade. Of those he

called, 72 purchased the upgrade. What percent agreed to the
purchase?
A. 40%
B. 48%
C. 60%
D. 66.67%

15. American Loan Company mailed 3600 customers an application

for a new credit card. Only 20% of the customers returned the
application. How many customers returned the application?
A. 72
B. 180
C. 720
D. 180,000

52
16. Noah borrows $8000 for 5 years to make improvements to his
home office. If the simple interest rate is 6 percent, how much will he
pay in interest?
A. $2400
B. $1040
C. $420
D. $400

17. Caleb borrowed $1500 from his aunt. He plans to pay his aunt
back in 9 months. If he pays 4 percent interest on the loan, what is the
total amount he will pay back in 9 months?
A. $1455
B. $1545
C. $1560
D. $2040

18. David bought a computer game on sale for $36. The game was
originally $48. What was the percent of decrease in the game’s price?
A. 12%
B. 25%
C. 33.33%
D. 75%

53
19. Neva’s car is now worth $12,000. This is 60 percent of what she
paid for it. How much did she pay for the car?
A. $7,200
B. $18,000
C. $19,200
D. $20,000

20. Six months ago, Sandra had 55 regular customers. Now, she has
220 percent as many regular customers as she had six months ago.
How many regular customers does Sandra have now?
A. 121
B. 90
C. 66
D. 25

21. Suddeth Travel estimates that 80 percent of its employees have no

more than 12 days of unused sick leave.
If 140 employees have more than 12 days of unused sick leave, how
many employees work at the agency?
A. 112
B. 164
C. 175
D. 700

54
22. The price of a carton of computer paper decreased from $25 to
$20. What was the percent decrease in the price?
A. 80%
B. 50%
C. 20%
D. 5%

23. A company pays its sales employees a base rate of $450 a week
plus a 4% commission on any sales the employee makes. If an
employee makes $1,020 in sales one week, what will be his total
paycheck for that week? Write your answer below.

24. Lisa bought a climbing rope on sale for 50% off the original,
and then another 25% off the discounted price. If the rope originally
cost $188, what was the final sale price that Lisa paid for the rope?

25. Alex earns a weekly base salary of $650 as a car salesman. He

also earns a 9% commission on his monthly sales after the first
$10,000. What was his total salary this month if he sold 7 cars whose
average price was $4,500 each?
A. $1,935
B. $2,585
C. $2,835
D. $3,485

55
26. If sales tax is 6 percent, what would be the tax on a shirt that cost
$68.30? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
A. $4.09
B. $4.10
C. $4.58
D. $4.59

26. A clothing store has a 20% off sale. If the sale price of a sweater
is $64, what was the original price of the sweater?
A.$64
B. $76.80
C. $80
D. $96

28. If 50% of A is 80% of B, then B is what percent of A?

A. 6.25%
B. 62.5%
C. 160%
D. 200%

56
29. 57 is what percent of 95?
A. 50%
B. 60%
C. 70%
D. 72%

30. The marked price of a computer is D dollars. Its price decreased

by 15% in January and later increased by 10% in February. What is
the final price of the computer in D dollars?
A. 90%
B. 93.5%

C. 95.2%
D. 96%

57
 Chapter (7)
Statistics

1. Mean (the average)

Data set: 1,1,2,4,5,5,5,6

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1+1+2+4+5+5+5+6

Mean = =
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 8

2. Weighted mean (with frequency)

Score Number of Students

72 1
85 3
90 4
100 2

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

Weighted mean =
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
1(72)+3(85)+4(90)+2(100)
=
1+3+4+2

3. Weighted mean (with percent frequency)

- If 25 chicken are 25%, 36 cow are 35%, and 16 duck are

20% of the farm, what is the weighted average of the
animals in the farm?

58
 In this case,
25% 35% 20%
(25) 100% +(36) 100% +(16) 100%
Weighted mean = 80%
100%

- If total percent is 100%, we don’t need to divide with

frequency.
- Remember that 10% is equal to 0.1 or 100% is equal to 1.

4. Median

- In odd data number,

Data set: 11,13,14,15,15

𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 +1

Median = = 𝑛𝑛𝑡𝑡ℎ terms
2
5+1
= = 3rd number
2

- In even data number,

Data set: 11,13,14,15,15,17

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀1+𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀2
Median =
2
14+15
= = 14.5 is median of the data
2

5. Mode (the modal number)

 The number with the highest frequency.

59
 Data set: 1,1,2,4,5,5,5,6
Mode = 5

6. Range

 The different between the largest number and smallest one.

Date set: 1,1,2,4,5,5,5,6

Range = 6-1 =5
6−1
Midrange =
2

7. Outlier

 Numbers that are so larger or smaller than other data.

Data set: 1, 2, 32, 32, 34, 35, 35, 35, 36, 85, 86
Outlier = 1, 2, 85, 86

8. Good measure of the center

 Mean without outlier

 Median with outlier
 Mode with non-numerical data

60
9. Box-plot/ whisker plot

𝑄𝑄1 𝑄𝑄2 𝑄𝑄3

A B

𝑄𝑄2 = Median of the whole data

𝑄𝑄1 = Median of the data between A and 𝑄𝑄2
𝑄𝑄3 = Median of the data between B and 𝑄𝑄2
A = the smallest value in data
B = the biggest value in data

- There are 25% of data between every couple quartile.

- Box plot is counted as the number line below.

10. Outlier in box plot

Interquartile Range = IQR = 𝑄𝑄3 - 𝑄𝑄1

Smallest outlier = 𝑄𝑄1 - 1.5 IQR

Largest outlier = 𝑄𝑄3 + 1.5 IQR

61
 Chapter – 8
Statistics

Ice Cream Cones Sold at the Store ‘Cone Central’

Over 5 Consecutive Days
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
105 80 95 110 205

1.What is the mean number of ice cream cones sold at the store ‘Cone
Central’ during the period shown in the table above?
A. 95
B. 105
C. 110
D. 119

2. What is the median number of ice cream cones sold at the store
‘Cone Central’ during the period shown in the graph above?
A. 95
B. 105
C. 110
D. 119

62
3. In the figure above, the number of regular telephones in use is how
many times the number of cellular phones?
A. 2.5 times
B. 3 times
C. 4 times
D. 7.5 times

4. Each of the bottles in the figure above contains different

amounts of cola at different prices. Which bottle represents the
cheapest price per ounce?

63
5. The price of a particular stock has been increasing at the same
rate each day for the first four days of the week, as shown in the
graph above. If the increase continues at its present rate, what should
the price be on Friday?
A. 20
B. 25
C. 30
D. Not enough information is given.

6. Based on the histogram above, which of the following statements is

accurate?
A. Most callers waited less than 10 minutes.
B. Most callers waited less than 30 minutes.
C. Most callers waited more than 30 minutes.
D. Most callers waited more than 60 minutes.

64
7. Which of the following could be inferred from the dot plot above?
A. There are more households with 8 children than households with
no children.
B. There are more households with fewer than 2 children than
households with 3 children.
C. There are more households with 4 children than households with
1 child.
D. There are more households with more than 5 children than
households with no children.

8. Based on the box plot above, which of the following can we infer
about the data set?
A. The number that occurred the most times is 36.
B. The smallest number in the data set is 29.
C. Most numbers in the data sets are in the upper quartile.

65
D. Most numbers in the data sets are greater than 32.

9. There are a total of four tests in Sara’s history class. She earned 94,
88 and 85 on the first three. What score does Sara need on the fourth
test to pass the class with an average of 90 (the equivalent of an A)?
A. 89
B. 90
C. 91
D. 93

10. The figure above shows in the results of a survey of a group of

200 professionals who were asked what type of computer they
preferred. How many more people prefer desktop computers than
prefer laptop computers?
A. 5
B. 10
C. 15
D. 20

66
11. Using the figure above, answer the following questions.
(1) About how much more did it cost to make Film A than Film D?
(2) Which film made the greatest amount of profit?
(3) Film C’s cost was what percent of its box-office receipts?

12. Over what period of time did the price of goods actually decrease?
A. 1930 to 1940
B. 1940 to 1950
C. 1960 to 1970
D. 1970 to 1980

67
13. During a 40-hour workweek, how many hours does a records
clerk spend preparing documents?
A. 10
B. 15
C. 25
D. 30

14. What percent of a records clerk’s time is spent on tasks other than
data entry?
A. 25%
B. 31%
C. 44%
D. 56%

68
15. Which year had the sharpest increase in ticket sales over the
previous year?
A. 2002
B. 2006
C. 2008
D. 2009

16. At Nelson Stationers, the first 25 customers who visited the store
on Monday morning received their choice of a gift.
The table shows how many customers chose each gift.
Pen and Pencil Set 5
Calculator 12
Mouse Pad 8

What percent of the customers chose a mouse pad?

A.17%
B. 25%
C. 32%
D. 33.33%

69
In a recent election, five candidates ran for the city council seat from
District 11. The results of the race are shown in the graph below.

17. Which two candidates combined received about 3/5 of the votes
cast?
A. Reiner and Utley
B. Kang and Utley
C. Bowen and Utley
D. Lee and Bowen

Ten students took a math quiz that considered of 10 questions. The

median score was 5.5. The modal score was 6. The teacher recorded
the results of the first nine students in the following line plot.

70
18. What was the average score of the first nine students whose scores
were represented on the line plot? Give your answer to one decimal
place.
A. 4.9
B. 5.4
C. 5.5
D. 5.7

19. What score did the tenth student get in the quiz?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7

The test scores of 10 students are listed in the following frequency

table.
Score Number of Students
72 1
85 3
90 4
100 2

71
20. What is the average score?
A. 35
B. 81
C. 87
D. 89

21. If the lowest two scores are omitted, what is the new average
score? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number).
A. 73
B. 89
C. 91
D. 92

72
22. In which month did Company A and Company B receive about
the same number of online orders?
A. February
B. March
C. April
D. May

23. Based on the trends shown by the data, what would be the best
prediction for the number of online orders in July for Company A?
A. 7200
B. 5900
C. 5200
D. 4900

A hundred people are participating in a medical study. As a first step,

the researchers collected information about participants’s weight. The
graph below represents how many people fell into each weight
category.

73
24. Which weight category displays the highest frequency?
A. 120-139 lbs
B. 180-199 lbs
C. 200-219 lbs
D. 260-279 lbs

25. Consider only the 100 individual represents in the graph. Which
one of the following groups contains the most people?
A. Participants weighing 200 lbs or more
B. Participants weighing less than 200 lbs
C. Participants weighing 180-199 lbs
D. Participants weighing less than 180 lbs

26. Wendy has taken five tests and has an average of 84. What must
she make on the next test to raise her average to an 85?
A. 84
B. 85
C. 86
D. 90

27. The bar chart represents the total dollar value of sales for four
product versions in July.

74
Which two products have combined sales of more than $50,000 in
July?
A. Products 1 and 2
B. Products 2 and 3
C. Products 2 and 4
D. Products 1 and 3

28. The following table illustrates the number of miles each student
travels one way to get to Ms. Bradley’s viola class. Find the
average number of miles that Ms. Bradley’s students travel one
way.

Number of Miles traveled Number of students

One Way

1 4
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 3

75
29. What is the mode of the following data set?
45, 56, 23, 36, 79, 45, 12, 56, 38
A.12
B. 45
C. 56
D. 12, 45 and 56

30. Stephanie owns a bakery and is purchasing supplies. If she buys

20 cans of peaches for $6.50 each and 28 cans of cherries for $9 each,
what is the average price per can of fruit?

76
 Chapter (8)
Probability and Counting

𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

Probability =
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜

 We have 3 blue balls, 3 red balls, and 4 green balls in a

box. What is the probability that we get a green ball?

3
P(blue) =
10
4 2
P(green) = =
10 5

- “And” event
There are two or more event but one probability.

 What is the probability that we get blue ball and red ball?

3 3
P(blue and red) = × (if we replace them)
10 10
3 3
P(blue and red) = × (if we don’t replace them)
10 9
3 2
P(blue and blue) = × (if we want same kind)
10 9

77
- “Or” event
There is an event with two or more wants.

Staff Boy Girl

Doctor 5 7

Teacher 9 11

 What is the probability that will be a boy or girl?

14 18
P(boy or girl) = +
32 32

Staff Boy Girl

Doctor 5 7

Teacher 9 11 common number

 What is the probability that will be a teacher or a girl?

20 18 11
P(teacher or girl) = + -
32 32 32

 If we roll a dice twice, what is the probability that we get 2

at least one time?
1 35
P(getting 2 at least one time) = 1- =
36 36

78
Counting (number of possible outcomes)

 We have 8 questions to make a four-question test. How

many combinations of questions are possible?

Number of items = n = 8
Number of order rolls = r = 4

Without repetition,
Number of possible outcomes = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5
(if we don’t want to repeat the same item)

When order is not important,

8×7×6×5 8 ×7×6×5
Number of possible outcomes = =
4! 4×3×2×1
(if we want to remove orders with the same items)

OR

79
 Chapter – 8
Probability And Counting

1.If a box of chocolates contains 3 caramels, 3 nut clusters and 5

raspberry creams, which of the following fractions represents the
chance of picking a caramel on the first try?

A.
B.
C.
D.

2. Stan has a spinner with 6 sections of equal parts, each a different

color, purple, red, blue, green, yellow and orange. If he spins twice,
what is the probability that it will land on red then yellow?

A.

B.

C.

D.

80
3. Anna borrows Stan’s spinner and gives it two spins. What is the
probability that she will land on green only once?

A.

B.
C.
D. 0

4. What is the probability of tossing 5 heads in a row when using a

fair coin?

A.

B.
C.
D.

5. Twenty marbles are placed in a bag. Ten are red and ten are black.
One marble is drawn from the bag and set aside. Another marble is
drawn from the bag. What is the chance that both marbles will be red?

A.
B.
C.
D.

81
6. There are 15 colored chips in a bag. Eight are green and seven are
white. Five white chips are removed. What is the probability that the
next chip selected will be green?
A. 100%
B. 80%
C. 75%
D. 25%

7. At a convention, Jim and his three friends each bought three raffle
tickets. At the time of drawing 400 tickets had been sold. What is the
probability that either Jim or one of his friends will win?

A.
B.
C.
D.

8. A standard deck of playing cards has 52 cards with 13 cards each of

hearts, diamonds, clubs and spades. If a card is drawn randomly from
the deck, what is the probability that it will be either hearts or
diamonds?
A. 1 in 2
B. 1 in 4
C. 1 in 8
D. 1 in 16

82
9. A bag contains 24 marbles. Eight are red, six are blue and ten are
white. A marble is drawn from the bag and replaced. A second marble
is chosen at random from the bag. What is the probability that the first
marble is red and the second is white?

A.
B.
C.
D.

10. A charity board has ten members. One of the members will be
elected president, then another will be elected treasure and then a
third will be elected secretary. If no member can hold more than one
position, how many ways can the members fill those positions?

11. There are four children in Mr. Martin’s class. Three of them will
be selected to be hall monitors. How many combinations of hall
monitors are possible? Write your answer.

12. Three coins are tossed up in the air, one at a time. What is the
probability that two of them will land heads up and one will land tails
up?
A. 0
1
B.
8
1
C.
4

D.

83
13. In a lottery game, there are 2 winners for every 100 tickets sold on
average. If a man buys 10 tickets, what is the probability that he is a
winner?
A. 21.5%
B. 20%
C. 18.3%
D. 2%

14. A bag contains 14 blue, 6 red, 12 green and 8 purple buttons. 25

buttons are removed from the bag randomly. How many of the
removed buttons were red if the chance of drawing a red button from
the bag is now 1/3?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 3
D. 5

15. Two-digit numerals which can be formed by using the digits 2,3,5
and 6 without repeating any digit. If one of these numerals is chosen
at random, find the probability that it is divisible by 13.
A. 0
B. 0.1
C. 0.25
D. 0.5

84
16. In a sample of 50 people, 21 had type O blood, 22 had type A
blood, 5 had type B blood, 2 had type AB blood. Find the
probabilities that a person has type A or type B blood.

A.

B.
C.
D.

17. What is the probability of picking a club followed by a spade

followed by a heart from a deck of 52 cards if no cards are
replaced?
A. less than 0.01
B. greater than 0.02
C. between 0.01 and 0.02
D. less than 0

18. Given six people, how many combinations of there are possible if
order does not matter?
A. 20
B. 120
C. 180
D. 720

85
19. A chef will make a soup with five ingredients; one of four meats,
one of four vegetables, one of four kinds of noodles, one of four kinds
of broth and one of four spices. How many possible combinations of
ingredients could the chef put into the soup?
A. 20
B. 256
C. 1024
D. 3125

20. Soraya has been given six tasks to do at work, but she has time to
complete only four of them. She must decide in what order to do the
tasks. How many possible orderings of four tasks are available to
Soraya?
A. 24
B. 36
C. 360
D. 720

21. Coach Louis has 5 red shirts, 4 yellow shirts, 2 black shirts and 1
blue shirt. If he selects a shirt blindfolded, what is the probability
that it will be a black shirt?

A.

B.

C.
D.

86
22. A two-digit number is chosen at random. What is the probability
that the chosen number is a multiple of 7?

A.
B.
C.
D.

23. A video game designer is creating a new superhero, what will

have three of five potential superpowers. How many combinations of
superpowers could the new superhero have?
A. 10
B. 15
C. 100
D. 125

24. What is the probability that your birthday would randomly match
the month and day of a stranger’s birth date?

A.

B.
C.
D.

87
25. A student council committee is ordering 3 different colors of
balloons to decorate the school on spirit day. There are 12 colors to
choose from. Is this an example of a permutation or a combination?
Find out how many different ways the balloon colors can be ordered.

26. A basketball coach has nine players on her team. How many
different five-player lineups can she create for the starting team?

27. If Margo flips a coin and rolls a die, what is the probability that
she will roll a 5 and get tails?
1
A.
12
1
B.
8
2
C.
3
1
D.
2

28. The probability that it will snow during the next three days is
given in the following table.
Day Monday Tuesday Wednesday
Probability of 70% 20% 40%
snow
What is the probability that it will not snow on Tuesday?
A.20%
B. 40%
C. 60%
D. 80%

88
29. What is the probability that it will snow on two out of three
days? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
A. 33%
B. 43%
C. 90%
D. 130%

30. A fair die has six sides, each marked with a different integer from
1 to 6. Each side is equally likely to land face up when the die is
rolled. Suppose you roll the die 66 times. How many times are you
likely to roll a 6?
A. 6
B. 11
C. 55
D. 66

89
 Chapter (9)
Geometry

- A cube (a square)

All side are equal.

Area = 𝑠𝑠 2
Volume = 𝑠𝑠 3

- A trapezoid

b1
b1 is parallel to b2 .
h is a vertical height.
h

b2

- Area of regular polygon

Two-dimension pictures that have area are polygons.

For regular polygons,

O Area = ap
1
2

Where, a = apothem = OA

A p = perimeter

90
 - A regular hexagon

In a regular hexagon,
O
All edges are the same.
All edges of hexagon = OB

- A prism
l
Prisms are the blocks with length.
Volume = A × l

Adjacent angles Complimentary angles Supplementary angles

1
2 1
1 2
2

2 is adjacent 2 is complimentary 2 is supplementary

angle of 1. angle of 1. angle of 1.

91
 - Parallel line theorems

1 2 Vertical angles ∠1 = ∠3
4 3
Alternate angles ∠3 = ∠5
5 6 Corresponding angles ∠1 = ∠5
8 7

- Collinear and coplanar

B Collinear
A
B

Non-collinear

A C

C
Coplanar
A B

Non-coplanar C
A B
92
 Chapter – 9
Geometry

1.Dhivya is designing a circular garden for her yard. She will use 4
meters long dividers between sections and she wants to use the same
material to create a fence around the garden. How many meters of
fencing will Dhivya need?

A. 13
B. 25
C. 32
D. 50

2. Martin is building a rectangular patio centered on one side of his

yard. The rest of his yard shown in the diagram, is planted with grass.
If the measurements in the diagram are in feet, what is the square
footage of the grass portion of Martin’s yard?

93
A. 108
B. 162
C. 324
D. 432

3. The total length of fencing needed to enclose a rectangular area 46

feet by 34 feet is
A. 26 yards 1 foot

B. 26 yards
C. 52 yards 2 feet

D. 53 yards
E. 54 yards

4. On the target below, the 5 and 10-point bands are each 2 inches
wide and the 25-point inner circle has a diameter of 2 inches. (Note:
figure not drawn to scale)

94
To the nearest inch, what is the outer circumference of the 10-point
hand?
A.6
B. 13
C. 19
D. 113

5. Linda adds a water stabilizer to her children’s swimming pool once

a week. The instructions tells her to add one scoop of the product for
every 20 cubic feet of water. About how many scoops should she add
per week?

A.3
B. 6
C. 17
D. 36

95
6. Which of the following is a true statement about the figures shown
below?

A. The volume of figure A equals the volume of figure B.

B. The volume of figure B is greater than the volume of figure A.
C. Both figures A and B have a volume greater than 20 cubic
centimeters.
D. The volume of figure B is less than the volume of figure A.

7. In the cylinder below, the diameter of the circular base is equal to

the height of the cylinder. What is the surface area of the cylinder, to
the nearest square inch?

A. 57
B. 113
C. 170
D. 339

96
8. The radius of sphere A is 2, and the radius of sphere B is 1. What
is the ratio of the volume of sphere A to that of sphere B? A. 1:2
B. 4:1
C. 8:1
D. 8:3

9. Using a compass, Max hikes 300 yards due north of his campsite.
From that point, he hikes 400 yards due east. If he were to hike
directly to his campsite from this point, how many yards would he
have to hike?
A. 400
B. 500
C. 600
D. 700

10. A classroom is 40 feet long and 25 feet wide. The ceiling height is
12 feet. The school district plans to repaint the room and put in air-
conditioning. The ceiling tile will not be painted.
What is the approximate total square footage of the four walls of the
room? Ignore space taken up by windows and doors.
A.1200
B. 1560
C. 1920
D. 4000

97
11. For a woodworking project, Paul cuts the shape shown above
from plywood. What is the area in square inches of the piece?

A. 400
B. 480
C. 520
D. 640

12. What is the area of the rectangle? Give your answer to the nearest
square inch.

A. 10
B. 17
C. 18
D. 210

98
13. If the rectangle were enlarged by a factor of 3 (so that its sides
became 3 times as long as they were previously), what would be
the ratio of the new perimeter to the old perimeter?
A. 1: 3
B. 1: 9
C. 3: 1
D. 9: 1

14. The angles of a triangle are in a ratio of 5:9:14. What is the

measure of the largest angle?
A. 250
B. 450
C. 900

D. 1400

15. A large circular pizza has an 18-inch diameter and is cut into 8
equal slices.

99
What is the perimeter of one slice of the pizza?
A.2.25 pi
B. 2.25 pi + 9
C. 2.25 pi + 18
D. 81 pi

16. What is the total area of the two slices of the pizza?
A. 20.25 pi
B. 36 pi
C. 41.5 pi
D. 81 pi

17.

What is the area of the triangular base of the prism?

A.6
B. 10
C. 12
D. 36

100
18. The trapezoid has an area of 38 square feet. What is the length of
the unknown base of the trapezoid in feet?

A.4
B. 7
C. 8
D. 12

19. A rectangular car-top carrier holds 18 cubic feet. Which of the

following can be its dimensions?
A. 3 feet by 3 feet by 3 feet
B. 3 feet by 2 feet by 2 feet
C. 3 feet by 3 feet by 2 feet
D. 6 feet by 3 feet

20. Which triangle sides can form a right triangle?

A. 5,6,11
B. 4,5,6
C. 3,4,5
D. 2,3,4

101
21. Find the area of a hexagon whose side length is 5.
A. 25
B. 30
C. 50
D. 65

22.
Sara is making a model of the Great Pyramid for math class. She has
the dimensions labeled on the drawing above, in inches. The paint she
plans to use on the outside of the model says that 1 can will cover
1,296 square inches. How many cans will Sara need to paint all the
surfaces of her model pyramid?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

102
23. The cylindrical glass above is filled ¾ with water. What volume of
water is in the glass, rounded to the nearest unit?
A. 170
B. 127
C. 42
D. 32

24. A candy package is in the shape of a cylinder with a cone on each

end.

If the radius of the cylinder is 2 inches and the cones are identical,
what is the capacity of the container to the nearest cubic inch?
A.33
B. 100
C. 134
D. 201

25. The rectangular base of a container is 9 inches long and 7 inches

wide. By how many cubic inches will the volume of the container
increase if you increase the length of the base by 2 inches?

103
A.84
B. 126
C. 168
D. 216

26. Beans are sold in small or large cylindrical cans. The small can
has a diameter of 4 inches and a height of 10 inches and cost $3.50.
The big can has a diameter of 8 inches and a height of 5 inches and
costs $6.50. Which is a better buy?
A. The smaller can
B. The large can
C. Both have the same value
D. Not enough information

27. Two square rugs have a combined area of 20 square meters. If the
area of the large rug is four times as large as the area of the small rug,
what is the perimeter of the smaller rug?
A. 2 meters
B. 4 meters
C. 8 meters
D. 16 meters

104
28.

What is the measure of the angle 1?

A. 45°
B. 125°
C. 1350

D. 1450

29. What is the value of x?

30. A 15-foot ladder is leaning against a 30- foot wall. The bottom
end of the ladder is 9 feet from the wall. How many feet above
the ground does the ladder touch the wall?
A. 1.7
B. 6
C. 12
D. 17.5

105
 Chapter (10)
Polynomial and Rational Expressions

Types of polynomials

 Based on Number of terms

- Monomial (only one term)

5, x, x 2 , 2x, …
- Binomial (two terms)
2x+1, 3x-4y, 2x 2 +y, …
- Trinomial (three terms)
x 2 +x+1, x 2 +2xy+y 2 , …
- Polynomial (four and more terms)
x 3 +x 2 +x+1, …

 Based on Degree

- Constant polynomial (Degree 0)

1, 2, 3, …
- Linear polynomial (Degree 1)
x, x-1, 2x+3, …
- Quadratic polynomial (Degree 2)
x 2 +x-1, x 2 -3x, 4x 2 +2, …
- Cubic polynomial (Degree 3)
x 3 +x 2 +x+1, …

106
 • Degree of a term is the sum of the exponents attached to its
variables.
x (degree 1) x 2 (degree 2) x 5 yz 3 (degree 8)

• Degree of a polynomial is the degree of its Leading term

(The term with the highest degree).

• The coefficient of the leading term is the Leading coefficient.

Writing Algebraic Expression

 Five greater than a number (n + 5)
 Five less than a number (n – 5)
 Five greater than twice a number (2n + 5)
 Five less than four times a number (4n – 5)
 The sum of square of a number and six less than the number
(n2 + 3 – n)
 Thrice of a number is four greater than the number (3n = n + 4)
 The sum of square of a number and three times the number is
eight greater than the number (n2 + 3n = n + 8)

107
 Chapter – 10 & 11
Polynomials And Solving Equations
Solving Equations and In equalities

1.Given the formula 2a = 3b (c – 4), find b = 5 and c = 6.

A. 30
B. 23
C. 15
D. 9

2. Evaluate 3x2 – 4y, if x = 2 and y = 3.

A. 24
B. 6
C. 0
D. -6

4. For which value of x below is the inequality 4x > 3 true?

A. -4
B. 0

C.
D. 1

108
5. Freida is not allowed on the roller coaster because she is under the
minimum age of 5. Which of the following inequalities expresses all
the ages that are allowed on the roller coaster?

A. x < 5
B. x>5
C. x≥5
D. x > −5

6. Which expression below is equivalent to 2x2 + 8y – x +3y – 13?

A. x2 + 11y -13
B. x2 – 2y
C. 2x3 + 11y – 13
D. 2x2 – x + 11y -13

7. Which of the following is equivalent to the expression 5x – 10 + x2

– 2x?

A. (5 + x) (x – 2)
B. (5 -x) (x + 2)
C. 2 (x + 5)
D. 5 (x2 – 2)

109
8. If x = 2y + 5 and x = 3y -6, what is the value of x?
A. 11
B. 22
C. 27
D. 33

9. At a certain fruit stand, apples cost 25 cents and bananas cost 30

cents. If Bill buys a total of 8 apples and bananas for $2.15, how
many bananas did Bill buy?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6

10. Marjorie makes an investment and doubles her money. If she ends
up with $480, which equation below could be used to discover the
amount of her original investment of x dollars?
A. 𝑥𝑥 = 480
2
B. x – 2 = 480
C. x + 2 = 480
D. 2x = 480

110
11. Sally is three years less than twice the age of her brother Hector. If
h represents Hector’s age, which expression shows Sally’s age?
A. h – 3
B. 3 – 2h
C. 2h – 3
D. 3h – 2

12. If Kris makes d dollars and Heidi makes 75 dollars less than 3
times Kris’s wage. What does Heidi make in terms of d?
A. d + 75
B. d – 225
C. 3d – 75
D. 3d – 225

13. If there are 4x identical schools in a region and each school has 3y
classroom each with 7x desks, how many desks are there in the
region?
A. 11x + 3y
B. 28x + 3y
C. 84xy2

D. 84x2y

111
14. Emilie buys x ounces of chicken for each of her guests at a dinner
party. There are 8y people coming and chicken is
$z a pound. How much will the total amount of chicken cost in
dollars?
A. 8xyz
B. 16xyz
C. 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
2
D. 8
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥

15. There are 4x workers including managers, in an office. If the

salaries of the 3 managers are not included, the average salary of each
employee is 5x – 6 dollars. What do the nonmanagerial employees
earn in total?
A. 20x2- 24x
B. 20x2-24x-3

C. 20x2-9x+18

D. 20x2-39x+18

16. If Tom has 9x baseball cards, Adam has 13 more than Tom and
Dave have 2y baseball cards, together they would have how many
cards?
A. 9x + 2y +13
B. 18xy + 13
C. 18xy + 2y
D. 18x + 2y + 13

112
17. A charity with a yearly budget of 80d gets all of its money from
either its yearly ball or from private donation. If the charity raised 64d
from the silent auction at the ball and 4a from ticket sales at the ball,
how much will need to be raised in private donations to meet the
budget?
A. 16d
B. 16d – 4a
C. 16d + 4a
D. 144d – 4a

18. Mr. White’s math class has n students. Mrs. Black’s math class
has 22 students fewer than triple the number of students in Mr.
White’s class. Which expression shows the number of students in
Mrs. Black’s class in terms of n?

A. 22 < 3𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
B. 3 (n-22)
C. 22 – 3n
D. 3n – 22

19. At Becky’s Burger Shack, cooks earn an average of $950 per

week, whereas waiters earn an average of $725 per week. Let x and y
equal the number of cooks and waiters respectively, employed by the
restaurant. Which of the following expressions represents the total
payroll (P) that Becky’s restaurant pays for all of these types of
workers?
A. P= 950y + 725x
B. P = 950x (725y)

113
C. P= 950x + 725y
D. P = (x +y) (950+725)

20. Two adults and four children paid $48 to get into the fair. A child’s
ticket is $6 less than an adult’s ticket. What is the cost of an adult’s
ticket?
A. $15
B. $12
C. $9
D. $6

21. Jenny is four times as old as her niece Tina. In 12 years, Jenny
will be only twice as old as Tina. How old is Tina now?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 12

22. Sylvia scored 10 points better than Wiley on their science exam.
Greg scored 6 points less than Wiley. Altogether, the students earned
226 points. How many points did Sylvia earn?
A. 74
B. 78
C. 84
D. 94

114
23. What is the positive solution for the equation 2x2 – 7x – 30=0?
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8

24. A number divided by 2 is equal to 12 less than the original

number. What is the number?
A. 12
B. 20
C. 24
D. 28

25. Nelson is twice as old as Maria. Six years ago, Nelson was five
times as old as Maria. How old was Nelson six years ago?
A. 5
B. 10
C. 15

D. 20

115
26. Three increased by the product of 4 and a number is equal to the
same number decreased by 6. What is the number?
A. -3
B. -1
C. 1
D. 3

27. Samuel is paid $350 per month plus a 10 percent commission on

his total sales for the month. If he needs to earn at least $2100 per
month, which of the following expressions represents the total sales
for the month (x) Samuel needs to achieve?

A. 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ≥ $17,500
B. 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ≤ $17,500

C. 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ≤ $21,000

D. s≥ $21,000

28. The sum of four consecutive odd numbers is 104. What is the
largest number?
A. 23
B. 25
C. 27

D. 29

116
29. Two years ago, Sammy was 5 years younger than Michael is
today. If Michael is currently M years old, how old will Sammy be 10
years from now?
A. M – 5
B. M–2
C. M+7
D. M + 10

30. In 2000, the average worker’s income increased by $2,100 per

year starting from a $22,000 annual salary.
Which equation represents income greater than average? (I
= income, x = number of years after 2000)
A. 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 < 2100𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 22000
B. 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 > 2100𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 22000
C. 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 > −2100𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥− 22000

D. 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 > 2100𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 22000

117
 Chapter (11)
Solving Equations and Inequalities

- Solving equations

x+3 = 7 x=4 (There is one solution.)

𝑥𝑥 2 = 4  x = ±2 (There are two solutions.)
x+2 = x+2 (There is no solution.)
𝑥𝑥 2 = -8  x = √−8 (This is infinite.)

- Operation that changes Inequality Symbols

b>x ⟶x<b (Shifting side)

1 1
< →x > a (Inversion)
x a

–x > 5 ⟶ x < –5 (Dealing with nega�ve)

118
 Chapter (12)
Graphing Equations

- Linear equation (y = mx +b)

Positive slope Negative slope

- The steeper the line, the greater the slope.

Slope of A > slope of B

- Horizonal line’s slope is zero.

- Vertical line’s slope is undefined.

119
To write equation y-𝑦𝑦1 = m (x-𝑥𝑥1 )
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1
To find slope m= =
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥2 −𝑥𝑥1

To find distance 𝐷𝐷2 = (𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1 )2 +(𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1 )2

To find y-intercept y = m (0) +b

To find x-intercept 0 = mx +b

Parallel Perpendicular

A B
B
A

1
A=B B=-
A

- Power even equation (y = 𝐱𝐱 𝟐𝟐 , 𝐱𝐱 𝟒𝟒 , 𝐱𝐱 𝟔𝟔 , …)

Positive slope Negative slope

120
To find mini/max-
−𝑏𝑏
First, x=
2𝑎𝑎

Then, x value is used in equation to find y value.

To find x-intercept, put y value as zero in equation.

To find y-intercept, put x value as zero in equation.

- Power odd equation (y = 𝒙𝒙𝟑𝟑 , 𝐱𝐱 𝟓𝟓 , 𝐱𝐱 𝟕𝟕 , …)

Positive slope Negative slope

- End Behaviors

+∞ for x < 0 +∞ for x > 0

-∞ for x < 0 -∞ for x > 0

121
- Symmetric

If symmetric is on x-axis, change y sign.

(x, y) ↔ (x, -y)

If symmetric is on y-axis, change x sign.

(x, y) ↔ (-x, y)

If symmetric is on origin, change both sign and place.

(x, y) ↔ (-y, -x) or (-x, y) ↔ (y, -x)

122
 Chapter (13)
Functions

Domain Range

f(x)
A 1
B 2
C 3

Function = f(x) = y
Domain = input = x
Range = output = y

- How function

In function, there is no more than one x value with the

same y value.

x 1 2 3 4 5
Not function
y 1 4 9 16 9

2
Function
-4

123
 Function Not function

Function Not function

- We can tell a graph is function or not with a vertical line.

124
 Function Increasing/ Decreasing

A C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Increasing- 4< x <6.5 Decreasing- 6.5< x <9

Negative part of function

-3< x <4
-3 4

Positive part of function

-2< x <3
-2 3

125
 Chapter- 11 & 12
Functions And Graphing Equations
Functions

1. A line passes through the points (6,5) and (2,3). What is the slope of
this line?

A. −

B.

C.
D. 3

2. What is the distance between points (5,0) and (12,0) on the

coordinate plane?
A. 12
B. 9
C. 7
D. 4

3. What is the equation of the line that goes through the points (-2,5)
and (8,0)?

A. 𝑦𝑦 = − 𝑥𝑥 + 4

B. 𝑦𝑦 = − 𝑥𝑥 + 8
C.𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 4
D. 𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 8

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4. Which of the following represents the equation of a lime that is
parallel to the line represented by the equation y = -3x+1?
A. y = 2x + 1
B. y = -3x + 5
C. y= 3x + 1

D. 𝑦𝑦 = − 𝑥𝑥 + 5

5. The line represented by the equation 3x + 6y = 4 is perpendicular to

the line represented by which of the following equations?
A. -4x – 8y = -5
B. 3x + 2y = 4
C. 2x – y = -1
D. -3x + 6y = -4

6. Which of the following is the equation of a line through the point

(0, -2) with a slope of 4?
A. y = 4x – 2
B. y = 4x + 4
C. y = -2x – 2
D. y = -2x + 4

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7. What is true of the lines represented by the equation 2x + 8y = -5
and 3x + 12y = 8?
A. They are parallel.
B. They are perpendicular.
C. They have the same x-intercept.
D. They have the same y-intercept.

8. Which of the following represents the axis of symmetry in the

graph above?
A. x = 2
B. x = -3
C. y=2
D. y = -3

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9. What is the period of the graph above?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 8
D. 10

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10. In the graph above, on which interval is the graph negative?

A. −10 < 𝑥𝑥 < 0

B. −4 < 𝑥𝑥 < 7

C. 3 < 𝑥𝑥 < 9

D. 5 < 𝑥𝑥 < 7

11. In the graph above, which of the following intervals represents the
interval on which the graph is increasing?

A. −7 < 𝑥𝑥 < 1 and 6 < 𝑥𝑥 < 10

B. −3 < 𝑥𝑥 < 2

C. −10 < 𝑥𝑥 < −3 and 2 < 𝑥𝑥 < −10

D. −1 < 𝑥𝑥 < 6

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12. In the graph above, which of the following equations represents
the axis of symmetry?
A. x = 3
B. x = -7
C. y=3
D. y = -7

13. Which of the relations below represents a function?

14. Which of the following graphs does not represent a function?

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15. Where does the line with the equation x – 2y = 4 intersect with
the line with the equation 6y + 5x = 4?
A. (2, -1)
B. (3, -2)
C. (-2, 1)
D. (-1, 2)

16. Which of the following is the equation of a line that intersects y =

4x + 2?
A. 2y = 8x + 2
B. y = 4x –2
C. y = -4x + 2
D. ½ y = 2x – 7

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17. The line n is parallel to the line y = 3x –7 and passes through the
point (5,1). At what point does the line n cross the y-axis?

18. What is the slope of the line represented by the equation 10x – y
= 2?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 5
D. 10

19. The ordered pair (2,-1) is a solution to which of the following

equation?
A. -4x – y = 7
B. 4x + y = 7
C. 4x – y = -7
D. -4x + y = -7

20. Carla’s daughter is participating in a summer reading program at

the library. She is reading two books a week. Which of the following
functions expresses her summer reading where w is the number of
weeks in the program?
A. f(w) = w + 2
B. f(w) = 2w
C. f(w) = 2b

D. 2f(w) = w

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21. What is the y-intercept of the line with a slope of 2 that passes
through the point (1,2)?
A. -2
B. -½
C. 0
D. ½

22. Which of the following is the equation of a line that intersects y =

4x + 2?
A. 2y = 8x + 2
B. y = 4x – 2
C. y = -4x + 2

D. y = 2x – 7

23. Write the equation of the line that passes through ( 0, -7 ) and has
a slope of 5.
A. y = x -7
B. y = 5x -7
C. y = 5x + 7
D. y = x + 7

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24. Determine whether the given relation is a function.

A. Yes
B. No
C. It’s not clear
D. It depends

25. Given f(x) = |6x – 9 |, evaluate f(8).

A. 18
B. 33
C. 39
D. 11

26. Place the given standard form into slope-intercept form;

5x + 3y = 8

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What is the slope of the line?
A.5

B. −

C.
D. -5

27. What is the x-intercept of 2y + 3x = 159?

A.
B.
C. 27
D. 53

28. Find the midpoint of the line segment that connects the following
points:
(-5, -3) and (3,7).
A. (1, 2)
B. ( -4, -5)
C. (4, 5)
D. ( -1, 2)

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29. A triangle has vertices A (1,2), B (11,2) and C (4,5). How many
square units are in the area of triangle ABC?
A. 40
B. 30
C. 25
D. 20
E. 15

30. What is the peak point of y = -3x2+6x-2?

A. (1,1)
B. ( -1, -11)
C. (2, -2)
D. (0, -2)

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