QA/QC Manual

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 QUALITY POLICY

We, are totally committed to client expectations in

terms of quality of work and services. We strive for
excellence through continual improvement in all areas
of operations.

QUALITY OBJECTIVES

1. Continual improvement in business processes to meet with ever

changing expectations of client.

2. Complete consulting within stipulated time schedule with desired

quality.

3. Enhance capabilities of our people through continuous training and

development programs at all levels.

4. Observe and adhere to Environmental, Health and Safety standards

with the goal as “Zero-Accident” on site.

5. Allocate and utilize financial and physical resources in the most

efficient & effective manner.

6. To develop our vendors to enhance their Capabilities with a view to

providing Quality services.

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 INDEX

SR.NO. CONTENTS Page Numbers

01 Scope 04

02 Activity Flow Chart 06

03 Standard List of Lab Equipment 07
04 Standard List of IS Code 08
05 List of tests to be carried out for various materials 09
AGG 01 Aggregate Sieve Analysis 10
AGG 02 Aggregate Bulk Density 13
AGG 03 Fine Aggregates Specific Gravity & Water Absorption 16
AGG 04 Determination of Silt Content by Volume method 19
AGG 05 Coarse Specific Gravity & Water Absorption 21
AGG 05 Coarse Aggregate Crushing Value 24
AGG 06 Coarse Aggregate Flakiness Index 28
AGG 07 Coarse Aggregate Elongation Index 31
CEM 01 Cement Compressive Strength 34
CEM 02 Cement Standard Consistency, Initial & Final Setting Time 37
CEM 03 Cement Fineness by 90 Micron Sieve 40
CON 01 Workability of concrete by Slump Cone test 42
CON 02 Compressive Strength of Concrete 43

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SCOPE
This manual covers procedure to establish site laboratory, testing procedures, calibration
procedures, approved material list, sample approval, identifying nonconforming material and
its disposition, etc.

Establishing Site Laboratory:

1. Study the requirements related to testing equipment if given in tender by customer. If any
test equipment is not in our standard list, raise indent for the same.

2. Check the condition of lab equipment received at site and arrange for minor

Purchase / repair if require.

3. Install all equipment at appropriate location.

4. Display laminated work instructions for each test activity.

5. Provide instruction board to write lab test and sample to be collected from site.

6. Construct water tank to facilitate concrete cubes according to the no. of sample to be cast
for entire site.

7. Maintain laboratory always clean and dust proof.

8. Collect printed stationery books from H.O.

9. Establish filing system as required for inspection & testing.

10. Collect reference manuals and IS codes from H.O.

11. Collect / carry out initial calibration reports for instruments.

Preparation of Quality plan / Approved Material List / Sample approval:

1. Prepare Project Specific Quality Plan. It shall include approved material source / brand
mentioned in contracts. It should cover frequency of check of each activity at various stage of
work. Procedure of site specific activities / general activities etc. should be covered in PSQP. For
important / critical / special activities Method Statement to be prepared.

2. Visit all nearby sources and collect / test samples for material approval.

3. Prepare the list of approved source of material based on test conformance.

4. Prepare approved brand list as mention in contract and include H.O. approved brand, which
is not specified in contract document, for approval from client.

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5. Collect sample of all approved material progressively and keep it in site laboratory.

6. Collect literature / catalogues for special materials / construction chemicals, etc.

Mix Design:

1. Identify grades of concrete for which mix design is required and collect related data from
the tender specifications / IS codes etc.

2. Discuss about mix design establishment procedure with client / consultants.

3. Take trials at site for verification.

4. Establish mix design based trial mix results.

Testing of Incoming Material:

1. Whenever store receives any material, they will inform or send materials to laboratory.
Store person will get concurrence for visual or instant check based on the test report / visual
inspection by Q.C. staff.

2. Signature for Quality check shall be done randomly on material receipt which is to be used
for project site. Brand material like reinforcement steel, LRPC steel, cement, construction
chemicals, sheathing pipes, anchor cones, wedges etc. shall be checked with approved brand
list and manufacturer test results. In case of not receipt of any TC, it shall be got tested at
external / internal laboratory for verifying its conformance.

Regular Material Test / Identify nonconforming materials:

1. Plan and display test status on instruction board daily for monitoring purpose.

2. Carry out building materials tests as per the set frequency.

3. Follow all test procedure / instruction given in display and manual.

4. Display the status of test to identify the approved materials at site and store by means of
using display board like ‘MATERIALS TO BE TESTED’, ‘REJECTED’ or ‘SCRAP’, if there is no
such display it means that material lot is approved for use.

5. Collect and send samples to external laboratory if testing facility is not available for some
materials at our site laboratory.

6. Collect information about quantity of material received from the store and conduct test as
per the established frequency.

7. Inspect and collect test report or conduct test for special work vendors’ material purchased
by them.

8. Conduct test for construction activities like concreting, murum filling, bituminous Work etc.

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9. Conducting tests for raw material of intermediate product (RMC) supplied by the suppliers on
random basis.

Activity Flow Chart for Laboratory

Receipt of Lab Equipment

Prepare approve material /

Source Approval for
Brand list – by study of
Raw Material

Mix Design (Outside/Internal)

as approved by client

Calibration of lab Equipment /

Measuring Equipment after
receipt

Material Receipt by
Testing of Incoming Material
Store Department

Sampling / testing of
materials received at site as
per frequency

Identify Non-conforming
material and maintain
traceability at site in case of
any non-conformance /
Inform to store Dept. for
action

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 Standard List of Laboratory Equipment

Sr. No. Name of Equipment

1 Pan Balance – Capacity 20 Kg.
2 Platform Balance – Capacity 100 Kg.
3 Concrete Cube Moulds (size 150*150mmm) with tamping rod – 60 Nos.
4 VICAT Apparatus
5 Mortar cube moulds (size 70.6*70.6mm) – 6 Nos.
6 Marsh Cone

7 Standard measures of 30, 15 & 3 liters capacity with tamping rod

8 Measuring cylinder – 1000 ml, 500 ml, 100 ml.

9 Electronic Balance 5 Kg. Capacity with accuracy 0.5gm.

10 Flakiness & Elongation Index gauge

11 Slump Cone apparatus with tamping rod

12 Electrically Operated & Thermostatically Controlled Oven with adjustable shelves

G.I. Sieves for Coarse Aggregate of 350 mm dia. – 90mm, 75mm, 63mm, 53mm,
13
50mm, 45mm, 40mm, 37.5mm, 31.5mm, 26.5mm, 25mm, 22.4mm, 20mm, 16mm,
13.2mm, 12.5mm, 11.20mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6.3mm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm.
14 Brass Sieves for Fine Aggregate of 200 mm dia. - 4.75mm, 2.36mm,
1.18mm, 600µ, 300µ, 150µ, 75µ & pan.
15 Compression Testing Machine - Capacity 2000 KN

18 Mercury-in-glass Thermometer range 0º C - 250º C

19 G.I. Tray – 600*600mm, 450*450mm,

20 G.I. Tray – 45” X 60”

Glass wares, spatulas, wire gauges, trowel, scoops, hammer, steel scales, measuring
21
tape etc.

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 LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS

SR. NO. IS NO. TITLE

1. IS 269:2015 ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (sixth revision)

2. IS 516:1959 Methods of tests for strength of concrete
3. IS 1199:1959 Methods of Sampling and Analysis of Concrete
4. IS 10262:2017 Concrete Mix Design
5. IS 383:2016 Coarse and fine Aggregate for concrete
6. IS 2386 (PART-I) Aggregate
7. IS 2386 (PART-III) Aggregate
8. IS 2386 (PART-IV) Aggregate
9. IS 2386 (PART-V) Aggregate
10. IS 2386 (PART-VI) Aggregate
11. IS 9103:1999 Chemical Admixtures
12. IS 12330 SRC
13. IS 455 PSC
14. IS 1489:2015 (Pt.1&2) PPC

15. IS 3812:2003 FLY ASH

15. IS 456:2000 PLAIN AND REINFORCED CONCRETE

List of tests to be carried out for various materials

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 Sr.
No. Material List of tests
1 Coarse Aggregate 1) Specific gravity
2) Sieve analysis
3) Moisture Content / Water absorption
4) Impact value
5) Flakiness & Elongation Index
2 Fine aggregate 1) Fineness modulus / Sieve analysis
2) Silt content
3) Moisture Content / Water absorption
4) Specific gravity
3 Concrete 1) Slump Value
2) Compressive strength
3) Yield Test
4 Cement 1) Fineness
2) Standard consistency
3) Setting time
4) Soundness
5) Compressive strength
5 Admixture 1) Marsh Cone Test

This list is tests which are carried out generally; actual test requirement should be
decided by site Q.C. engineer as per project requirement.

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AGG 01 - Aggregate Sieve Analysis

SCOPE:
a. OBJECTIVE: Determination of Particle size Distribution of Coarse & fine Aggregate.
b. UNIT OF MEASUREMENT:
i. Sieve Analysis: The weight of the sample passing in each Sieve should be calculated in
% to the total amount of aggregate taken for the test.
ii. FM:

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. I.S Sieves.
b. Weighing Balance accurate to 0.1% of the weight of test sample.
c. Drying Oven

3. ACCESSORIES:

a. Sample collecting Tray

b. Trowel

4. STANDARDS USED:
IS 2386 & IS 383

 5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. Weighing Balance
b. Sieve (All Sizes)
c. Drying Oven

6. SAMPLING:
The required quantity of sample shall be prepared from sample as received from client/ Customer
by quartering.

MINIMUM Quantity OF SAMPLE REQUIRED:

a. 63 mm Aggregate 100 Kg
b. 50 mm Aggregate 100 Kg
c. 40 mm Aggregate 50 Kg
d. 25 mm Aggregate 50 Kg
e. 20 mm Aggregate 25 Kg
f. 16 mm Aggregate 25 Kg
g. 12.5mm Aggregate 12 Kg
h. 10 mm Aggregate 6 Kg
i. 6.3mm Aggregate 3.0 Kg

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7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:
At Ambient Temperature & Relative Humidity.

8. EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION:
a. Clean and check the sieves for any tear & wear and Place them in sequence as per requirement
of gradation to particular size of aggregate that has to analyze.
b. Check the rotation, jarring etc of mechanical Sieve Shaker in case if using.
c. Keep ready the required equipments and accessories ready prior to commencing the test.
d. Check the performance of weighing balance prior to conducting the measurement.

9. METHOD OF TEST:

e. Air-dry the Aggregate Sample at room temperature or by drying in oven at 100 -110 deg
centigrade for 4hour’s.
f. Clean the sieve before use.
g. Sieved successively starting from the largest sieve.
h. Shake the sieve separately over clean tray at least for 2 minutes with varied motion backwards
and forwards, left and right, clockwise and anticlockwise with frequent jarring.
i. Does not force aggregate with hand pressure through sieve.
j. Lumps of the fine particle may break by finger with gentle pressure at the side of sieve.
g. Use light brushing with fine airbrush for 150 & 75 IS Sieves to prevent aggregation of powder
& blinding of aperture.
h. Clean retain sample on each sieve should be weigh at the accuracy of 0.1% of weight of test
sample.
10. OBSERVATION:

Observation Format Ref. No.: …………………….

11. CALCULATION:

The Cumulative % by weight of the total sample passing each of the sieves, to the nearest whole
Number

The % of the weight of the total sample passing one sieves & retained on next smaller sieve to the nearest 0.1
%.

12. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

Periodical Check of Drying Oven, Weighing Balance, IS Sieves and any other equipments associated with the
test for which Calibration / Verification is applicable should be conducted.

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13. SOURCE OF ERROR:

a. Movement of the sieve (whether jarring or not in all direction during sieving).

b. Pressing of aggregate with hand pressure on sieve.

a. Use of out of calibration weighing balance.

14. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

a. Calculator for immediate calculation.

b. Computer-RMC Plant

15. REPORT:

1. Report the % passing or FM nearest to two decimal points.

16. SAFETY:

a. Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthing and proper
connection etc periodically.
b. Use Respiration mask to avoid dust from inhaling during test in process.

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AGG 02 - Aggregate Bulk Density

1. SCOPE:
a. OBJECTIVE: Determination Of bulk density and voids of aggregate.

b. Units of Measurement: Bulk Density of Aggregate is defined as gm/ cc or Kg/ M3 and

voids is defined as %.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Measuring Cylinder 30 Ltr, 15 Ltr & 3 Ltr (1 no.
each)
Tamping Rod , 16mm in Dia & 60cm Long 1No.

Balance Capable of weighing 0.5 % of the weight 1No.

3. ACCESSORIES:
a. Tray
b. Scoop

4. STANDARDS USED:

IS-2386 (Part 3) – 1963 Reaffirmed 1997

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. Digital Balance

b. Measuring Cylinder

6. SAMPLING:
Required quantity of Sample shall be prepared by quartering as received from client / Customer.

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

5Kg to 10Kg depending size of aggregate.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

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 At Ambient Condition & Relative Humidity.

8. METHOD OF TEST:
a) Generally the test shall be carried out on air-dry aggregate.
b) Take the empty weight of measure and record the reading. M1
c) Take the weight of the measure in Kg & record as W1
d) Measure shall be calibrated for the volume by determining the weight of the water at
27o C required to such that no meniscus is present above the rim of the Measure.
Record the weight in Kg as W2
e) Volume of the Measure is obtained in CC by the total weight minus weight of the
measure & record as V
f) The measure shall be filled to over flowing by means of a shovel or scoop, the
aggregate being discharged from a height not exceeding 5 cm above the measure.
g) Care shall be taken that there should not be segregation of particle size of which the
sample is composed.
h) The surface of the aggregate shall be leveled by straight edge.
i) Weigh measure filled with aggregate and record the reading. M2
j) For Roded density the measure shall be filled in 3 equal layer about one third with
thoroughly mixed aggregate and tamped 25 strokes with 16 mm diameter and 60cm
long rod in each layer.

9. SIZE OF CONTAINER FOR BULK DENSITY TEST

Nominal Inside Insight Thickness of

Size of Largest
Capacity Diameter Height Metal (Min)
Particles
litre cm cm mm

4.75mm and under 3 15 17 3.15

Over 4.75mm to
15 25 30 4.00
40mm

Over 40mm 30 35 31 5.00

10. CALCULATION

a. Density kg/liter () = (M2 – M1) / V

b. Percentage of Voids = ((Gs -) /Gs)*100

WHERE:
M1 = weight of empty measure in kg.

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 M2 = weight of aggregate + measure in kg.

Gs = Specific gravity of aggregate

V = Volume of the measure in lit.

12. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

Periodical Weighing Balance, and any other equipments for which Calibration /
Verification is applicable should be conducted. Calibration of measure shall be determine
by the weight of water at 27 º C required to fill the measure such that no meniscus is
present above the rim of measure.

SOURCE OF ERROR Particle sizes of which the sample is composed.

14. OBSERVATION:

Format Ref Number:………………..

15. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

Calculator, Computer

16. REPORT

The bulk density shall be reported in Kg/ lit or Kg/ M3 to the nearest 0.01 Kg and the void
% shall reported to nearest whole number.
17. SAFTETY:

Electrically operated equipments shall be checked for earthling and proper connection etc
periodically and always handle by using proper safety equipments accessories.

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AGG 03 - Fine Aggregate Specific Gravity and Water Absorption

1. SCOPE:

a. OBJECTIVE: Determination of Specific Gravity & Water Absorption of Fine Aggregate.

b. Units of Measurement: There is no Unit of Measurement for Specific Gravity and the Unit
for Water Absorption is expressed as percentage of water absorbed by dry aggregate.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:

a. Balance scale of capacity not less the 5 Kg and accurate to 0.5 gm.

b. Drying oven capable to maintain temperature of 100° to 110°

c. Pycnometer as per Specification.

d. Shallow tray of area not less than 325 cm2.

e. Filter Paper and Funnel.
f. Air Tight Container large enough to take sample.

3. ACCESSORIES:
a. Enamel Tray
b. Glass Rod
c. Drier for Surface drying of sand

4. STANDARDS USED:
IS 2386 (Part –III) - 1963, Reaffirmed 1997

6. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

Balance Scale
Drying Oven

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7. SAMPLING:
Required quantity of Sample shall be prepared by quartering as received from client /
Customer.

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:
Quantity of sample shall not be less than 2000 g

9. EQUIPEMENT PREPARATION:
a. A rubber or fiber washer shall be inserted in the joint of the Screw top of Pycnometer for
watertight

b. Prepare a means of supplying warm air, such as Hair Drier.

c. Clean the Airtight container for immersing the Fine Aggregate in water.
Arrange suitable filter paper for draining the water of Fine Aggregate.

10. METHOD OF TEST:

a. Take about 500 gm for finer than 4.75 mm and weigh to nearest 0.1 gm.
Placed the Fine aggregate in the tray and covered with distilled water at temperature of 22 to 32 
C.
b. Remove the entrap air or bubble on the surface of the Aggregate by gentle agitation with a rod.
c. The sample shall remain immersed for 24 ½ hours.
d. Drain the water carefully from the sample by decantation through a filter paper; any material
remained being return to the sample.
e. The sample shall be bringing to saturated surface dry condition, which can be seen by material
just, attains a free running Condition.
f. Care shall be taken to ensure that this stage is not passed.
g. Weigh the sample nearest to .5 gm. (A)
h. The aggregate shall than placed in the Pycnometer, which shall be filled with water.
i. Any trapped water shall be eliminated by rotating the Pycnometer on its sides the hole in the apex
of the cone being covered with a finger.
j. The Pycnometer shall be topped up with distilled water to remove any froth from the surface and
so that the surface of the water in the hole is flat.
The Pycnometer shall be dried from the out side and weigh to nearest .5 gm. (B)
k. The Contents of the Pycnometer shall be transferred in the tray, care shall be taken that there
should not be any weight loss during the process.
Oven dry the sample at 105  5  C. for 24 hours until it attains constant mass and weigh to nearest
.5 gm. (D)
l. Refill the Pycnometer with distilled water in same level as before & weigh to nearest .5 gm ( C )

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 Repeat the above procedure for second trial.

11. CALCULATION:
Specific gravity = D / A – (B – C)
Apparent specific gravity = D / D- (B – C)
Water absorption (% of dry weight) = 100(A - D) / D
Where,
A = Weight of Saturated surface dry fine aggregate.
B = weight of Fine aggregate + Water + Pycnometer.
C = Weight of Water + Pycnometer.
D = Weight of oven dry sample.

12. CALIBRATION / VERFICATION

Periodical checking verification of Weighing balance, Drying Oven should be conducted.

13. SOURCES OF ERROR:

Variation in Room Temperature.
Entrapped Air in Container.
Loss of Particle during process.
Improper Saturated Surface Drying Condition.
Direct contact of Aggregate to the heat during Drying Process.

14. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

Calculator
Computer.

15. REPORT:
The individual and mean result shall be reported.
Size of aggregate shall be stated, and whether it has been artificially heated or not.

16. Safety:
Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthling and
proper connection etc periodically and always handle by using proper safety equipments
accessories.

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AGG 04 - Determination Of silt Content by Volume
Method

1. SCOPE:
a. Objective: Determination of Silt Content of Fine Aggregate by Volume method.
b. Unit of Measurements: Silt Content is defined as % of silt w. e. r. to Fine aggregate.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Measuring Cylinder 250 ml.
b. Stop Watch or Wall Clock

3. ACCESSORIES:
a. Spoon or Glass Rod
b. Salt
c. Distilled Water
d.
4. STANDARDS USED:
CPWD Standard-2000. Clause 3.1.4.2 Appendix-B, Page No-42

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

Measuring Jar (250ml.)

6. SAMPLING:
The required quantity of sample shall be prepared from sample as received from client/ Customer by
quartering.
MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE
REQUIRED:

1 Kg randomly extracted by quartering.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

At ambient temperature & Relative Humidity

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8. METHOD OF TEST (BY
VOLUME)
a. Take the dump sand in measuring cylinder up to 150 ml mark.
b. Add 100ml of salty water prepared by ½ to 1Tea Spoon salt in a liter.
c. Shake vigorously the measuring cylinder well that the sand level becomes
uniform.
d. Keep the measuring cylinder in safe place for settlement
e. Check the Volume of the sand & silt in 10 minutes and 3 hours.

9. OBSERVATION:
Observation Format Ref. No.: …………………

10. CALCULATION

Percentage Silt content = (X/Y) * 100

Where:

X = Volume of the silt & clay surface after settlement

Y = Volume of the total sand surface after settlement

11. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

Measuring Jar shall be calibrated by determining the weight of water at 27 ºC
required filling its top mark or using ‘A’ Class Glassware.

12. SOURCE OF ERROR:

a. Excess quantity of salt.

b. Irregular Level of Sand Layer

13. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

a. Calculator
b. Computer.

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 14.
REPORT

Report the % silt content with respect of sand to the nearest Whole number .

AGG 05 - Coarse Aggregate Specific Gravity and Water

Absorption
1. SCOPE:
a. Objective: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Coarse Aggregate.
b. Units of Measurement: There is no Unit of Measurement for Specific Gravity and the Unit
for Water Absorption is expressed as percentage of water absorbed by dry aggregate.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Balance scale of capacity not less the 5 Kg and accurate to 0.5 gm.
b. Drying oven capable to maintain temperature of 100 to 110 deg.centegrate.
c. Wire basket of not more than 4.75 mm mesh.
d. Water container in which the basket may freely suspended.
e. Two dry soft absorbent cotton clothe not less than 75 x 45 cm.
f. Shallow tray of area not less than 650 cm2.
3. ACCESSORIES:
a. Enamel Tray
b.Glass Jar

4. MATERIAL:
Method of test Reference Standard.

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. Balance Scale
b. Drying Oven

6. SAMPLING:

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 The required quantity of Sample shall be selected as received from client by quartering.
MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE
REQUIRED:

Quantity of sample shall not be less than 2000 g

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

At Ambient temperature & Relative Humidity.

8. EQUIPMENTS REPARATION:
Ensure that the Equipments and Accessories associated with the test are clean & performing
satisfactorily and within the calibration whichever is applicable, prior to conducting the test.

9. METHOD OF
TEST:

a. Take about 2 Kg of aggregate and weigh to nearest 0.1 gm

b. Wash thoroughly the sample to remove finer particles and dust.
c. Transfer the sample in wire basket and immersed in distilled water.
d. Remove the entrapped air by dropping the basket 25 times in water container from 25mm
above of the water level and immersed for 24  ½ hours.
e. Maintain the water level at least 5 cm above the basket.
f. Maintain the temperature of water 22 to 32 deg. centigrade.
g. The basket and sample then be jolted and weight in water at temperature between 22 to
32C. Note down the reading W3.
h. Transfer the sample in a dry cloth and weigh the empty basket in water note down the
reading W4.
i. Transfer the sample in another cloth for Saturated Surface Dry. Weigh and note down the
reading W2.
j. Transfer the sample in tray and put in oven at a temperature of 100 to 110C for 24  ½
hours.
k. Remove the sample from oven and cooled in airtight container and weigh Note down the
reading W1.

10. CALCULATION:

Specific gravity = W1 / (W2-W)

Apparent specific gravity = W1 / (W1-W)

Water absorption (% of dry weight) = (W2 - W1) / W1*100

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 Where:

a. W = Weight in gm of saturated aggregate in water (W3 – W4)

b. W1 = Weight in gm of oven dry sample in air.
c. W2 = Weight in gm of saturated surface dry aggregate in air.

11. CALIBRATION / VERFICATION

Periodical checking verification of Weighing balance, Drying Oven should be conducted.

12. SOURCES OF ERROR:

a. Contact of aggregate to direct heat during saturated surface drying process.
b. Contact of Density basket to the wall and bottom of water container during process.
c. Overheating of Aggregate.

13. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

a. Calculator
b. Computer

14. REPORT:

a. The individual and mean result shall be reported.

b. Size of aggregate shall be stated, and whether it has been artificially heated or not.

15. SAFETY:
Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthling and
proper connection etc periodically and always handle by using proper safety equipments
accessories.

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AGG 06 - Coarse Aggregate Crushing Value

1. SCOPE:
a. OBJECTIVE: DETERMINATION OF CRUSHING VALUE OF AGGREGATE.

b. Units of Measurements: 1.The Crushing Value of aggregate is the weight of Fines

formed to the total sample weight in test shall be expressed as Percentage. 2. The 10%
Fines shall be expressed as the load required to produce 10 % fines in Tones or KN.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Steel Cylinder with open ends, and internal diameter 15 Cms.

b. Plunger with piston diameter 15cm,

c. Cylindrical measure (internal diameter 11.5cm and height 18cm)

d. Steel tamping rod (diameter 1.6cm and length 45 to 60cm)

e. Digital balance accurate to 1grams.

f. Compressive testing machine capable applying a load of 40 tones per

10minutes.

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 g. Sieves 2.36mm & 12.5mm IS sieve and 10mm IS sieve.

h. Oven

3. ACCESSORIES:
a. Screwdriver 1No.

b. Hammer 1No.

c. Wire Brush 1No.

d. Enamel Tray 1No.

e. Oven 1No.

4. STANDARDS USED:
IS 2386 (IV) – 1963 Amendment No – 3 – 1983

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. IS Sieve

b. Oven

c. Balance

d. Compressive Testing Machine

6. SAMPLING:
The required quantity of sample shall be prepared from sample as received from client/ Customer
by quartering.

7. MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:
6.50kg Aggregate For Two Tests.

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8. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:
At Ambient temperature & Humidity.

9. METHOD OF TEST:

I) CRUSHING
VALUE:

a. The aggregate passing 12.5mm sieve and retained on 10mm IS sieve is selected for the
standard test. (W1)

b. The aggregate should be in oven dry condition before testing not exceeding for 4Hrs.

c. Cool it on room temperature.

d. The cylindrical measure is filled by the test sample of aggregate in three equal layer of
approximately equal depth, tamped it in 25 times by the tamping rod.

e. Using the tamping rod as straight edge levels off the top of the cylindrical measure.

f. One third of the test sample is placed in the cylinder and tamped it 25times by the tamping
rod. Fill it on the cylinder in three times and each layer should be tamped by 25 times.

h. The quantity of aggregate shall be such that the depth of material after tamping in the
cylinder shall be 10 cm.

I. The cylinder with the test sample and plunger in position is placed on compression testing
machine.

j. Load is then applied through the plunger at a uniform rate of 4tonnes per minute until the
total load is 40tonnes, and then the load is released

k. Pass the crushed aggregate with 2.36mm IS sieve. The materials, which pass from 2.36mm IS
sieve is collected & weighed accurate 1gram (W2)

II) METHOD OF TEST FOR 10% FINE VALUE:

a. The test specimen for the test shall consist of aggregate passing 12.5mm and retained on
10mm.

26 | P a g e
 b. The aggregate shall be tested in surface dry or oven dry for four hours at 100 to 110C.

c. The cylinder of the test apparatus shall be put in position on the base plate and the test
sample added in third, each third being subjected to 25 strokes from the tamping rod.

d. The surface of the aggregate shall be carefully leveled and the plunger inserted so that it rests
horizontally on this surface, care being taken to ensure that the plunger does not jam in the
cylinder.

e. The apparatus, with the test sample and plunger in position, shall then be placed in the
compression-testing machine. The load shall be applied at a uniform ate so as to cause a total
penetration of the plunger in 10 minutes of about:

i 5mm for rounder of partially rounder aggregates (For examples – crushed gravels)

ii 20mm for normal crushed aggregate

iii 24mm for honeycombed aggregates (for examples, expanded shale and slag)

f. After reaching the required maximum penetration, the load shall be released and the whole of
the material removed from the cylinder and sieved on a 2.36mm IS sieve.

g. The fine passing the sieve shall be weighed, and this weight expressed as a percentage of the
weight of the test sample. Normally this percentage will fall within the range 7.5 to 12.5, but if it
does not, a further test shall be made at load adjusted as seems appropriate to bring the
percentage fines within the range of 7.5 to 12.5.

10. CALCULATION:
AGGREGATE CRUSHING VALUE = (W2 / W1) *100
14 *X
Load required for 10% fines =
Y+4

WHERE:
W1 = Total weight of dry sample.

W2= Weight of the fraction passing 2.36mm IS sieve.

X = Load in tones
Y= Mean percentage fines from two tests at x tones load.

11. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

27 | P a g e
 Periodical calibration / verification of weighing balance, drying oven and is sieves should be
conducted. Calibration of compression testing machine should be verified periodically by
proving ring, which is calibrated by NPL available with the laboratory.

12. SOURCE OF ERROR:

a. Loss of the fines while sieving.

b. Excess of Loading.

13. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

1. Calculator
2. Computer.
14. REPORT:

The Mean of two results shall be reported to the nearest whole number as the “Aggregate
crushing Value”

15. SAFETY:
Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipments shall be checked for proper
earthing and proper connection etc periodically and always handle by using proper safety
equipments accessories and use
respiratory mask while sieving.

AGG 07 - Coarse Aggregate Flakiness Index

1. SCOPE:

a. OBJECTIVE: DETERMINATION OF FLAKINESS INDEX OF COARSE AGGREGATE.

b. UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS: Elongation Index is define as percentage of total weight of
aggregate retain on the various length gauges to the total weights of sample gauged

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:

a. Flakiness apparatus (Thickness Metal Gauge) 1No.

b. Digital balance (Accurate to 0.1% of Test Sample) 1No.

c. Thermostatic Oven 1No.

d. Sieve – as shown in table No-1 1No.

28 | P a g e
 3. ACCESSORIES:
Enamel Tray 2Nos. for each fraction passing from I.S. Sieve.

4. STANDARDS USED:
IS: 2386 (Part I) –1963 Reaffirmed 1997

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. Digital Balance
b. Oven
c. I.S.Sieves

6. SAMPLING:
Required quantity of Sample shall be prepared by quartering as received from client / Customer.

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

200 pieces of any fraction passing from I.S.Sieves.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

At Ambient Temperature & Relative Humidity.

8. METHOD OF TEST:

a. The sample shall be oven dry at 110 ± 5 ° C for 24 hours.

b. The sample shall be sieved according with the following table.
c. Take at least 200 pieces retained on each sieves & weigh as given in the table with accuracy
of the 0.1% of the total weight of the sample taken.
d. Pass the fraction through thickness gauge in accordance to size & each fraction passing shall
be weigh to the accurately of 0.1% of the total weight of the sample taken.

Table No-1

Size of Aggregate Dimension of Thickness gauge

mm
Passing through Retained on

29 | P a g e
IS sieve in mm IS sieve in mm

50-mm 33.90-mm
63-mm

50-mm 40-mm 27.00-mm

40-mm 31.5-mm 21.5-mm

31.5-mm 25-mm 16.95-mm

25-mm 20-mm 13.50-mm

20-mm 16-mm 10.80-mm

16-mm 12.5-mm 8.55-mm

12.5-mm 10-mm 6.75-mm

10-mm 6.3-mm 4.89-mm

9. CALCULATION:

Wt. of total passing aggregate x100

Flakiness index =

Wt. of total aggregate

10. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

Periodical Check of Drying Oven, Weighing Balance, Thickness Gauge and any other equipments for which
Calibration / Verification is applicable should be conducted.

11. SOURCE OF ERROR:

30 | P a g e
 Pressing of Fraction by force through the Thickness gauge and through the aperture of is IS
Sieves.

12. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

3. Calculator
4. Computer

13. REPORT:
Flakiness index is the total wt. Of the Aggregate Passing through the various thickness gauge, expressed
as a percentage of the total wt. Of the sample gauge to nearest whole numbers.

14. SAFTETY:
Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipments shall be checked for earthing and
proper connection etc periodically and always handle by using proper safety equipments
accessories

AGG 08 - Coarse Aggregate Elongation Index

1. SCOPE:
a) OBJECTIVE: To determine the elongation Index of Course Aggregate.
b) Units of Measurement: Elongation Index is defining as percentage of total weight of
aggregate retain on the various length gauges to the total weights of sample gauged.

2. APPRATUS REQUIRED:
a) Elongation apparatus (Length gauge)- 01No
b) Digital Balance (Accurate to 0.1% of test sample) 01No
c) Thermostatic Oven 01No
d) Sieves as shown in table no-1 01No

3. APPRATUS OPERATING PROCEDURE:

31 | P a g e
 As per Apparatus manual

4. ACCESSORIES:
Enamel Tray 2Nos. for each fraction passing from I.S. Sieve.

5. STANDARD:
Method of Test References.

6. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a) Length Gauge
b) Drying
Oven

c) Digital Balance

7. SAMPLING:
Required quantity of Sample shall be prepared by quartering as received from client / Customer.

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

200 pieces of any fraction passing from particular I.S. Sieves.

8. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

At Ambient Temperature & Relative Humidity.

9. EQUIPMENTS PREPARARTION:
a. Arrange the required IS Sieves in sequence from top to lower as per size of Aggregate to
be analyzed for Elongation Index.
b.Clean all the associated equipment prior to commencing the test.
c. Check the Sieve Shaker in case if used for test for its operation of jarring, Rotation and
required timing.
10. METHOD OF TEST:
a. Sample to be tested shall be Oven dry for 24 hour at the temperature of 100- 110-º c.

32 | P a g e
 b. The sample shall be sieved according with the following table.
c. Take at least 200 pieces retained on each sieves & weigh as given in the table with
accuracy of the 0.1% of the total weight of the sample taken.
d.Pass the fraction through Length gauge in accordance to size & each fraction retained shall
be weighing accurately 0.1% of the total weight of the sample taken.

Length gauge

Size of Aggregate

Passing through Retained on Min

IS sieve IS sieve

50-mm 40-mm 81.0

40-mm 31.5-mm 64.4

31.5-mm 25-mm -

25 mm 20 mm 40.5

20-mm 16-mm 32.40

16-mm 12.5-mm 25.60

12.5-mm 10-mm 20.20

10-mm 6.3-mm 14.70

11. CALCULATION:
Elongation index = (Weight of total retained Aggregate / Weight of total Aggregate
Taken) x 100

12. CALIBRATION / VERIFICATION:

Periodical Check of Drying Oven, Weighing Balance, Length Gauge and any other
equipments for which Calibration / Verification is applicable should be conducted.

33 | P a g e
13. SOURCE OF ERROR:
Fraction should not be press by force through the Length gauge and through the
aperture of is IS Sieves.

14. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

a) Calculator
b) Computer

15. REPORT:

Elongation index is the total wt. Of the Aggregate retained on the various length gauge,
expressed as a percentage of the total wt. of the sample gauge to nearest whole
numbers.

17. SAFTETY:
Drying oven or any other electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthing
and proper connection etc periodically and always handle by using proper safety
equipments accessories.

CEM 01- Cement Compressive Strength

1. SCOPE:
a. OBJECTIVE: To determine the compressive strength of cement.
b. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT: The Compressive Strength is defined as N/ mm 2.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:

a. Vibration Machine 1No.

34 | P a g e
 b. Poking rod 1No.
c. Cube mould (7.06*7.06cm) 9 Nos.
d. Gauging trowel 2Nos.
e. Digital balance 1200gm 1Nos.
f. Graduated glass cylinder 1Nos.
g. Standard Sand grade I, II & III 1800 gm each
h. Stop Watch 1No
i. Room Thermometer 1No

3. ACCESSORIES:

1. Mixing tray 1Nos.

4. STANDARDS USED:

IS – 4031 (Part 6) – 1988

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

a. Vibration Machine
b. Digital balance 1200gm
c. Graduated glass cylinder
d. Stop Watch
e. Room Thermometer

6. SAMPLING:
Sample as submitted by Client/ Customer.

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

At least 10 kg (shall be packed in airtight container)

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

27 ± 2 º C & RH 65 ± 5 % for molding room and 27 ± 2 º C & RH 90% for moist closet or moist
room.

8. EQUIPMENT PREPARATION:
a. Clean the cube mould and tight the bolt quite enough to avoid any dimension difference
and apply oil to avoid the adhesion of cement mortar with the cube mould.
b. Clean and wipe of the slurry from the Cement Vibrating Table.
c. Check the Belt, stud, Nut bolt etc of Vibrating table before process.
d. Check the Weighing balance, Stop watch & Temperature for its performance prior to
conducting the weights.

35 | P a g e
 9. METHOD OF TEST

MIX PROPORTION of test specimen:

a. Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature of water and that of the
test room at the time when the above operations are being performed shall be 27± 2ºC.
b. Distilled water shall be used in preparing the cubes.
c. The material for each cube shall be mixed separately and the quantity of cement,
standard sand and water shall be as follows:
d. Cement = 200gm.
Standard sand = 600gram (200 gm each)

The quantity of water = (P /4 + 3) X 8 ml

Where: P is the Normal Consistency of cement.

MOULDING SPECIMEN:

a. Place on a nonporous plate, a mixture of cement and standard sand. Mix it dry with a trowel
for one minute and then with water until the mixture is of uniform Color.
b. The time of mixing shall in any event be not less than 3min.
c. Place the assembled mould on the table of the vibration machine and hold it firmly in position
by means of a suitable size and securely at the top of the mould to facilitate filling and this
hopper shall not be removed until the completion of the vibration period at least 2 minutes.
d. The period of vibration shall be two minutes at the specified speed of 12000 ± 400 vibrations
per minute.
e. At the end of vibration, remove the mould together with the base plate from the machine
and finish the top surface of the cube in the mould by smoothing the surface with the blade
of trowel.
f. Keep the filled moulds in moist closet or moist room for 24hour after completion of vibration.
g. Open the cube mould after 24 hours and immersed in curing tank.
h. At the end of that period keep it on the curing tank for 3days, 7days and 28 days.
i. Check the dimension and weight of each cube before test
j. Test the specimen for compressive strength on the machine, which comply to specification.
10. CALCULATION:

Maximum load
(N)

Compressive strength (N / mm2) =

Surface area of Specimen

11. CALIBRATION / VARIFICATION:

36 | P a g e
 VERIFICATION OF WEIGHING BALANCE (WHICH IS CALIBRATED) WITH STANDARD
CALIBRATED WEIGHT FROM ACCREDITED LABORATORY SHALL BE CONDUCTED
PERIODICALLY; DRYING OVEN, STOPWATCH AND THERMOMETER SHALL BE
CALIBRATED BY ACCREDITED LABORATORY. CALIBRATION OF VIBRATING MACHINE
SHALL BE VERIFIED WITH THE CALIBRATED TACHOMETER.

12. SOURCE OF ERROR:

a. R.P.M. of Cement Vibrating Machine.
b. Temperature and Relative Humidity beyond tolerances specified in Standard.
c. Temperature of water used for testing.
d. Variation in time of vibration.
e. Utensil used for preparing paste of
Cement.

13. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

5. Calculator
6. Computer.

14. REPORT:

Report the result of average of three cubes to round of the numerical value.

15. Safety:

Electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthling and proper connection
etc. periodically and always handle by using proper safety equipment accessories. Use
Surgical Gloves while making Paste of cement in order avoid absorption of mixing water.

CEM 02- Cement Standard Consistency, Initial and Final Setting Time

1. SCOPE:

a. OBJECTIVE: To Determine the Normal Consistency & Initial & Final Setting Time of Cement.
b. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT: The Normal Consistency is defined as the percent weight of water
to make the standard past and setting time is defined in minutes as per set norms in the
Standard.

37 | P a g e
2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:

a. Vicat apparatus as per IS –5513 – 1976 1No.

b. Digital Balance accurate to 1gm. 1No.

c. Measuring Cylinder 150 & 100ml 1No

d. Vicat Mould (Height 40mm) & top dia 70mm, 1No.

e. Stopwatch 1No.

f. Room thermometer 1No.

g. Gauging trowel 1No.

h. Humidity Chamber 1No

2. 3. ACCESSORIES:
a. G.I Tray (Size: 300cm x 250cm x 56cm) 1No

b. Gauging Trowel 2No.

c. Normal Tray 2No.

4. STANDARDS USED:

IS – 4031 (Part 5) – 1988

 5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

1. Vicat mould
2. Digital Balance
3. Measuring Cylinder
4. Stop Watch
5. Room Thermometer

6. SAMPLING:
Sample as submitted by Client/ Customer.

MINIMUM QUENTITY OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

At least 10kg.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

38 | P a g e
 Room Temperature should maintain at 27oC+-2 oC & Relative Humidity 65+-5% at the time of
mixing & storing of cement & water. Moist room or chamber should maintain at 27 oC+-2 oC &
Relative Humidity 90% for Initial & Final setting time.

8. EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION:
a. Clean Tray Vicat mould and Vicat Apparatus before commencing the test.
b. Adjust the Pointer of Vicat Scale at zero after attaching the needle and placing on
Base plate of Vicat mould.
c. Check the performance of weighing balance with the help of Calibrated weights.
d. Adjust the Room temperature and Humidity as specify in the specification.
e. Check the performance of Timer.

9. METHOD OF TEST:

Normal Consistency

a. Take 400gm of cement sample & add suitable amount of water and mix it very well
in the tray. The time of gauging should not be less than 3 minutes & preparation of
sample within 5 minutes.
b. Fill the sample up to the top level of the Vicat mould. And put it on the vicat
apparatus.
c. Now check its normal consistency with the help of Vicat Needle. Note down the
reading.
d. Repeat the test until & unless you get reading 5 to 7 from bottom or 35 to 33 from
top.
e. Calculate the Normal consistency by using following formula.

Initial & Final Setting Time

a. Prepare a cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 time of the Normal consistency.
b. The time of mixing cement should not be less than 3minutes & 5min for preparation of test
specimen. Fill the cement paste in Vicat mould resting on non-porous plate. Vibrate the
mould by hand to remove air bubbles from cement paste & level the top surface by using
gauging trowel.
c. Now check its initial setting time with the help of initial setting time needle and check final
setting time with the help of final setting time needle at every 10-to15 min.

10. CALCULATION:
a. The Normal Consistency in % = (Total weight of water / Total weight of cement) X100

b. Time of the initial setting is that the reading measuring 5 to 7 from bottom & Final setting
is that the needle makes an impression on the surface of the test specimen while the
attachment fails to do so.

11. CALIBRATION / VARIFICATION:

39 | P a g e
 VERIFICATION OF WEIGHING BALANCE (WHICH IS CALIBRATED) WITH STANDARD
CALIBRATED WEIGHT FROM ACCREDITED LABORATORY SHALL BE CONDUCTED
PERIODICALLY; STOPWATCH AND THERMOMETER SHALL BE CALIBRATED BY ACCREDITED
LABORATORY.

15. SOURCE OF ERROR:

f. Temperature and Relative Humidity beyond tolerances specified in Standard.
g. Temperature of water used for testing.
h. Time for preparing test specimen.
i. Uncalibrated Equipment.
j. Vibration on Platform.

14. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

1. Calculator
2. Computer

15. REPORT:

Normal Consistency of the cement shall be reported to the nearest two points.

Initial & Final setting time shall be reported to the nearest five minutes.

16. Safety:

Electrically operated equipment shall be checked for earthing and proper connection etc.
periodically and always handles by using proper safety equipment accessories. Use Surgical
Gloves while making Paste of cement in order avoid absorption of mixing water.

CEM 03- Cement Fineness by 90 Micron Sieve

1. SCOPE:
a. OBJECTIVE: To Determine the Fineness of Cement by Dry Sieving with 90 µ IS Sieve
Method.
b. UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS: Fineness of Cement is defined as %.

40 | P a g e
2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Test sieves 90 microns with lid and pan 1No.
b. Digital Balance capable of weighing up to 10 gm with 10mg accuracy. 1No.
c. Nylon brush preferably 25 to 40 mm bristle. 1No.

4. STANDARDS USED:
IS – 4031 (Part 1) – 1996

5. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRING CALIBRATION:

1. Digital Balance
2. IS Sieve

6. SAMPLING:

MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE

REQUIRED:

At least 500gm.for minimum three

test.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR TESTING:

Room Temperature should maintain at 27oC+-2 oC & Relative Humidity 65+-5%.

8. EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION:
a. Clean the is sieve weighing pan.
b. Maintained the room temperature and Humidity.

9. METHOD OF TEST:
a. Take cement sample in a stopper jar or bottle to disperse agglomerates for 2
minute, wait for 2 minutes & stir the resulting powder gently using a clean dry
glass rod in order to distribute the fines throughout the cement.
b. Weigh about 100 gm of specimen from the prepared sample to nearest .01 gm
R1
c. Transfer the above sample in IS Sieve No-9 (90) and sieve using lid and pan until
no further particle pass through it.
d. Gently brush all the fine material off the base of the sieve in to the tray.
e. Transfer the fraction retain on the sieve and weigh to nearest .01 gm. R2
f. Take another 100 gm from the same sample and repeat the procedure described
as above.

41 | P a g e
 g. The mean of the two reading is expressed as % fineness nearest to 0.1 %
h. If the result differs by more than 1 percent repeat the test for third specimen as
same procedures.
i. The mean of the three reading is expressed as % fineness nearest to 0.1 %

10. CALCULATION:

FINENESS BY 90-MICRONS = (R2/R1) * 100

11. CALIBRATION / VARIFICATION:

Verification of weighing balance (which is calibrated) with standard Calibrated weight from
Accredited Laboratory shall be conducted periodically; Stopwatch and thermometer shall be
calibrated by Accredited Laboratory

16. SOURCE OF ERROR:

1 Temperature and Relative Humidity beyond tolerances specified in Standard.
2 Uncalibrated Equipment.

c. Check sieves after every 100 sieving.

1. Use of wire brush for cleaning the sieves.

2. Use of wet jar, bottle and glass rod for dispersing the sample.

 14. ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION & REPORT:

 Calculator
 Computer

17. REPORT:

Report the value of fineness nearest to 0.1 %, as the residue on the 90-micron sieve for
the cement tested.

CON 01- Workability of concrete by Slump Cone test

1. SCOPE:
OBJECTIVE: To Determine the workability of concrete by slump cone test.

42 | P a g e
 2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Slump Cone 1No.
b. Tamping Rod. 1No.
c. Tray for keeping concrete. 1No.

3. STANDARDS USED:
IS: 1199- (1959)

5. EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION:
 Clean the internal Surface of the mould thoroughly.

6. PROCEDURE:
 Clean the internal surface of mould thoroughly and place it on a smooth,
horizontal, Rigid and non-absorbent surface, such as metal plate.
 Fill the mould to about one fourth of its height with concrete, while filling hold
the mould firmly in position.
 Tamp the layer with the round end of the tamping rod with 25 strokes,
distributing the strokes uniformly over the cross section.
 Fill the Mould with 4 Layers each time by 1/4th height and tamping evenly each
layer as above.
 After completion of Roding of the topmost layer strike of the concrete with a
trowel or tamping bar, level with the top of mould.
 The mould shall be removed from the concrete immediately by raising it slowly
and carefully in vertical direction.
 The concrete will subside and slump shall be measured immediately by
determining the height of the mould and that of the highest point of the
specimen being tested.

7. OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATION :

 Height of mould = 300 mm
 Height of subsided concrete = X mm
 Slump of concrete = (300-X) mm

8. RESULT :
Slump of concrete = (300-X) mm
CON 02 – Compressive Strength of concrete

1. SCOPE:
OBJECTIVE: To Determine strength of concrete.

43 | P a g e
 PURPOSE:
The purpose of the test is to determine the crushing strength of hardened
concrete and is conducted to the test specimens of concrete either during mix design in
laboratory or from concrete being used in construction. It serves as a good guide for
Quality control.

2. APPARATUS REQUIRED:
a. Compression Testing Machine 1No.
b. Cube Mould Size (150 x 150 x 150) mm for cubes

3. STANDARDS USED:
IS: 516 - (1959)

4. STANDARDS OF ACCEPTANCE OF TEST:

The average of strength of 3 specimens is adopted as the strength of the concrete, if the
difference between the maximum and minimum strengths does not exceed 15% of the
average strength. If not repeat the test.

5. PROCEDURE:
 Prepare minimum 6 cubes, 3 cubes for 7 days testing and 3 for 28 days.
 Make Identification mark.
 At the age of 7 days remove 3 specimens for testing and at the age of 28 days
remove the 3 specimens from the curing tank.
 Placing the specimen in the testing Machine.
 The load shall be applied gradually without any shock and increased
continuously at the rate of approximately 140 kg/sq.cm/min until the specimen
to the increasing load breaks down and no greater load can be sustained.
 The maximum applied load to the specimen shall be recorded.
 Find out strength of concrete for each specimen. Find out average of 3 results.
State whether the results satisfy the standard of acceptance.

6. OBSERVATIONS:
 Date of casting.
 Age of specimen.
 Size & shape of specimen.
 Maximum applied load.

9. CALCULAIONS :
Strength of concrete = (Applied Load)/ (Cross sectional Area).

10. RESULT :
 The compressive strength is given at 7 days and 28 days is ----------N/mm2

44 | P a g e
 The difference between the maximum and minimum values is less then /more
than 15% of average value.

45 | P a g e