Question chap 3

Today 10 08 AM No catego
QUESTION 3.1
Suppose two vectors are added. Under
what conditions would the sum of the
magnitudes of the vectors equal the
magnitude of the resultant vector?
EXERCISE 3.1
Graphically determine the magnitude and
direction of the displacement if a man
walks 30.0 km 45° no h of east
and then walks due east 20.0 km.
Answer 46 km, 27° no h of east

QUESTION 3.2
What other functions, if any, can be used
to nd the angle in pa (b)?
EXERCISE 3.2
(a) Suppose the superhero had own 150
m at a 120° angle with respect to the
positive x-axis. Find the compo-
nents of the displacement vector. (b)
Suppose instead the superhero had
leaped with a displacement having an
x-component of 32.5 m and a
y-component of 24.3 m. Find the
magnitude and direction of the
displacement vector.
Answers (a) Ax ? -
75 m, Ay ? 130 m (b) 40.6 m, 36.8°
QUESTION 3.3
A second hiker follows the same path the
rst day, but then walks 15.0 km east on
the second day before turning
and reaching the ranger’s tower. Is the
second hiker’s resultant displacement
vector the same as the rst hiker’s, or
di erent?
EXERCISE 3.3
A cruise ship leaving po travels 50.0 km
45.0° no h of west and then 70.0 km at a
heading 30.0° no h of east. Find
(a) the ship’s displacement vector and (b)
the displacement vector’s magnitude and
direction.
Answer (a) Rx ? 25.3 km, Ry ? 70.4 km (b)
74.8 km, 70.2° no h of east
QUESTION 3.4
Is the magnitude of the velocity vector at
impact greater than, less than, or equal to
the magnitude of the initial
velocity vector? Why?
EXERCISE 3.4
Estimate the maximum height in this same
problem.
Answer 80 m

QUESTION 3.5
Neglecting air friction e ects, what path
does the package travel as obse ed by
the pilot? Why?
EXERCISE 3.5
A ba ender slides a beer mug at 1.50 m/s
toward a customer at the end of a
frictionless bar that is 1.20 m tall. The
customer makes a grab for the mug and
misses, and the mug sails o the end of
the bar. (a) How far away from the
end of the bar does the mug hit the oor?
(b) What are the speed and direction of
the mug at impact?
Answers (a) 0.742 m (b) 5.08 m/s, u ? -
72.8°

QUESTION 3.6
True or False: Because the x-component
of the displacement doesn’t depend
explicitly on g, the horizontal distance
traveled doesn’t depend on the
acceleration of gravity.
EXERCISE 3.6
A grasshopper jumps a horizontal distance
of 1.00 m from rest, with an initial velocity
at a 45.0° angle with respect to
the horizontal. Find (a) the initial speed of
the grasshopper and (b) the maximum
height reached.
Answers (a) 3.13 m/s (b) 0.250 m

QUESTION 3.8
True or False: All other things being equal,
if the ball is thrown at half the given speed
it will travel half as far.
EXERCISE 3.8
Suppose the stone is thrown from the
same height as in the example at an angle
of 30.0° degrees below the horizon-
tal. If it strikes the ground 57.0 m away,
nd (a) the time of ight, (b) the initial
speed, and (c) the speed and the
angle of the velocity vector with respect
to the horizontal at impact. (Hint: For pa
(a), use the equation for the x-
displacement to eliminate v0t from the
equation for the y-displacement.)
Answers (a) 1.57 s (b) 41.9 m/s (c) 51.3 m/
s, -
45.0°
QUESTION 3.9
True or False: Neglecting air friction, a
projectile with a horizontal acceleration
stays in the air longer than a projec-
tile that is freely falling.
EXERCISE 3.9
Suppose a rocket-propelled motorcycle is
red from rest horizontally across a
canyon 1.00 km wide. (a) What mini-
mum constant acceleration in the
x-direction must be provided by the
engines so the cycle crosses safely if the
opposite side is 0.750 km lower than the
sta ing point? (b) At what speed does the
motorcycle land if it maintains
this constant horizontal component of
acceleration? Neglect air drag, but
remember that gravity is still acting in
the
negative y-direction.
Answers (a) 13.1 m/s2 (b) 202 m/s

QUESTION 3.10
Describe the motion of the ball as related
by an obse er on the ground.
XERCISE 3.10
A train is traveling at 27 m/s relative to
Ea h, and a passenger standing in the
train throws a ball at 15 m/s relative to
the train in the same direction as the
train’s motion. Find the speed of the ball
relative to Ea h.
Answer 42 m/s
QUESTION 3.11
If the speed of the boat relative to the
water is increased, what happens to the
angle?
EXERCISE 3.11
Suppose the river is owing east at 3.00
m/s and the boat is traveling south at 4.00
m/s with respect to the river. Find
the speed and direction of the boat
relative to Ea h.
Answer 5.00 m/s, 53.1° south of east
QUESTION 3.12
The speeds in this example are the same
as in Example
3.11. Why isn’t the angle the same as
before?
EXERCISE 3.12
Suppose the river is moving east at 5.00
km/h and the
boat is traveling 45.0° south of east with
respect to Ea h.
Find (a) the speed of the boat with
respect to Ea h and
(b) the speed of the boat with respect to
the river if the
boat’s heading in the water is 60.0° south
of east. (See
Fig. 3.23b.) You will have to solve two
equations with two
unknowns.
Answers (a) 16.7 km/h (b) 13.7 km/h