ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (417)

PROJECT FILE (Practical)

2024-2025

SUBMITTED BY

STUDENT NAME: Rithvik Bhuvakar

ROLL NO: 22

CLASS: X-D

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mrs.VIDYA MENON
 Janardan Bhagat Shikshan Prasarak Sanstha's

Ramsheth Thakur Public School,

Kharghar
Plot No.11 & 11A, Sec-19, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, Tel No-022-27744410, 27744577
CBSE Affiliation No : 1130299 School No. 30310 U-Dise No. 27240806133

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Master. Rithvik Bhuvakar of class X-D has

successfully completed Artificial Intelligence Projects during
academic session 2024-2025 as per the guidelines issued by CBSE
Senior Secondary Examination at Ramsheth Thakur Public School,
Kharghar.

Teacher’s Sign
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I extend my deep sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to our
Principal ma’am and subject teacher for the valuable support and
guidance in carrying my project work.

I also express my gratitude towards my parents and fellow mates

who helped me to carry out this work.
 INDEX

SR.NO Chapter name Assignment no.

1) Application of AI Models 1

2) Python (Basics and Lists) 2

3) Bag of Words 3

4) Evaluation 4
 ASSIGNMENT – 1
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ( 417 )
Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

Q.1.A : Define Supervised and

Unsupervised Learning Models.

Ans: i. A supervised learning model is a machine learning approach

that uses labeled datasets to train algorithms to classify data or
predict outcomes. The datasets are designed to "supervise"
the algorithms to learn the relationship between the input
and the outputs. The model uses labeled inputs and
outputs to measure its own accuracy and learn over time.

ii. An unsupervised learning model is a machine learning

model that uses algorithms to analyze and cluster
unlabeled data without human intervention. The algorithms
are able to discover patterns and insights in the data
without any explicit guidance or instruction.
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

Q.1.B : Explain any two real life examples of

Classification and Clustering algorithms. Add
suitable images along with the explanation.

Ans: i. Classification Algorithms:

1. Credit Card Fraud Detection: Banks and financial
institutions use classification algorithms to detect
fraudulent transactions among millions of legitimate
credit card transactions daily.

Algorithm Example: Random Forest

 How it Works: Random Forest is an ensemble

learning method that builds multiple decision
trees and merges them to obtain a more accurate
and stable prediction. Each tree in the forest
votes on whether a transaction is fraudulent or
not, and the majority vote determines the final
classification.
 Real-Life Impact: When a credit card transaction
occurs, features such as transaction amount,
location, time, and merchant type are analyzed by
the algorithm. If the transaction deviates
significantly from the cardholder’s usual
behavior, the algorithm may classify it as fraud.
This quick and automated detection helps
prevent financial losses for both the bank and the
customer, enhancing security in the financial
system.
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

2. Image Recognition in Autonomous Vehicles:

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on image
recognition to identify objects on the road, such as
pedestrians, traffic signs, and other vehicles, ensuring
safe navigation.

Algorithm Example: Convolutional Neural Networks

(CNNs)

 How it Works: CNNs are a type of deep learning

model specifically designed for processing
structured grid data like images. In the context of
autonomous vehicles, a CNN processes input
images from cameras mounted on the vehicle,
extracting hierarchical features (e.g., edges,
textures, shapes) to classify objects within the
scene.

 Real-Life Impact: For example, the CNN might

classify an object as a "pedestrian" or a "stop
sign," which then triggers the vehicle to take
appropriate action, such as stopping or slowing
down. This real-time image classification is crucial
for the safety and reliability of autonomous driving
systems, helping to prevent accidents and ensuring
compliance with traffic regulations.

These examples show the diverse application of

classification algorithms, from enhancing financial
security to enabling the future of transportation
through autonomous driving.
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

ii. Clustering Algorithms:

1. Gene Expression Analysis in Bioinformatics: In the

field of bioinformatics, clustering algorithms are used
to analyze gene expression data to discover patterns
and identify groups of genes that exhibit similar
behavior.

Algorithm Example: Hierarchical Clustering

 How it Works: Hierarchical clustering builds a tree of

clusters, where each node represents a cluster of
genes with similar expression patterns. The
algorithm starts with each gene as its own cluster
and iteratively merges the closest pairs of clusters
until a single cluster remains or until a desired
number of clusters is achieved.

 Real-Life Impact: In gene expression analysis,

researchers might use hierarchical clustering to
group genes that are co-expressed under certain
conditions, such as in response to a disease or
treatment. Identifying these clusters can lead to the
discovery of gene functions, the understanding of
disease mechanisms, and the development of
targeted therapies. This application of clustering is
critical in advancing personalized medicine and
improving patient outcomes.
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

2. Anomaly Detection in Manufacturing:

In manufacturing, it's essential to detect anomalies or
defects in products or processes to maintain quality
and reduce waste. Clustering algorithms can help
identify unusual patterns that may indicate a problem.

Algorithm Example: Mean Shift Clustering

 How it Works: Mean Shift is a non-parametric

clustering algorithm that identifies clusters by shifting
data points towards the region with the highest
density. It doesn't require specifying the number of
clusters in advance, making it useful for discovering
the natural structure in the data.

 Real-Life Impact: In a manufacturing plant, Mean Shift

can be used to analyze sensor data from machines or
finished products. For example, if a particular
machine is producing parts that consistently fall into a
distinct, abnormal cluster in terms of dimensions or
material properties, this might indicate a calibration
issue or a potential defect. Detecting such anomalies
 early allows for timely interventions, reducing
downtime and ensuring product quality.

These examples highlight the diverse applications of

clustering algorithms, from advancing personalized
medicine through gene expression analysis in
bioinformatics to ensuring quality and efficiency in
manufacturing by detecting anomalies in industrial
processes.
 ASSIGNMENT-2
(Python Programs)
(1) Write Python program to print personal information like Name,
Father’s Name, Class, School Name.
Code:

Output:

(2) To calculate Simple Interest if the principle_amount = 2000

rate_of_interest = 4.5 time = 10
Code:

Output:
(3) Write Python program to calculate average marks scored by a
student in 3 subjects. Accept the marks of 3 subjects as input from the
user.
Code:

Output

(4) Write Python Program to check if a person can vote and print
appropriate message.
Code:

Output-1

Output-2
(5) Write a program in Python to input a number and check if the
number is positive, negative or zero and display an appropriate
message.
Code:

Output-1

Output-2

Output-3
(6) Write Python Program using for loop :
(i) To print numbers from 1 to 10.
Code

Output

(ii) To print table of any number .

Code

Output
(7) Write Python Program using while loop :
(i) To print numbers from 1 to 10.
Code

Output

(ii) To print sum of first 10 natural numbers

Code

Output
(8) Create a list in Python of children selected for science quiz with
following names- Arjun, Sonakshi, Vikram, Sandhya, Sonal, Isha,
Kartik Perform the following tasks on the list in sequence-
○ Print the whole list
○ Delete the name “Vikram” from the list
○ Add the name “Jay” at the end
○ Remove the item which is at the second position.

Code:

Output:
(9) Write a Python program to add the elements of the two lists.
Code:

Output:
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Assignment - 3 Class/ Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22
Q.1) Create a document vector table from the following
documents by implementing all the four steps of bag of words
model.
Document 1: Sameera and Sanya are classmates.
Document2: Sameera likes dancing but Sanya loves to study
mathematics.

Step 1: Sentence Segmentation

Here, the corpus has already been segmented into sentences
which are document 1 and document 2.
Step 2: Tokenisation
After segmenting the sentences, each sentence is then further
divided into tokens. Tokens is a term used for any word or number
or special character occurring in a sentence.

Sameera and Sanya are classmates likes dancing

but loves to study mathematics .

Step 3: Removing stop words, special characters and numbers

In this step, the tokens which are not necessary are removed from
the token list. Here, the corpus is very small so we won’t remove
anything except the full stop.
Sameera and Sanya are classmates likes dancing

but loves to study mathematics

 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/ Div: 10th D
Step 4: converting text to a common case Roll.No: 22

After the stopwords removal, we convert the whole text into a

similar case, preferably lower case.

sameera and sanya are classmates likes dancing

but loves to study mathematics

Step 5: Lemmatization
In lemmatization, the word we get after affix removal (also
known as lemma) is a meaningful one.

word affixes lemma

classmates -s classmate
likes -s like
dancing -ing dance
loves -s love

Step 6: Bag of words

In bag of words, we get the occurrences of each word and
construct the vocabulary for the corpus.
sameera and sanya are classmate like dance but love to study mathematics

1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Assignment - 4 Class/ Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

Q.1 Create a confusion matrix for the given scenario.

Reality
Confusion Matrix
Yes No

Yes 130 20
Prediction
No 40 310

i. Total tests performed in the above scenario is 100.

ii.

Precision = 60 60 12
= 0.0415
60+25 85 17
 Name: Rithvik Bhuvakar
Class/ Div: 10th D
Roll.No: 22

Recall = 60 60 12
= 0.923
60+5 65 13

F1 score = 2*0.0415*0.923 = 0.0794

0.0415+0.923