Software Engineering: An

Integrated Approach
This presentation explores a holistic perspective on software
engineering, encompassing design, development, and maintenance.

by Rodan Fabro
What is Software Engineering?
Systematic Approach Quality and Efficiency Problem Solving

It's a systematic and disciplined It focuses on delivering high-quality It involves applying engineering
approach to designing, developing, software that meets user needs while principles to solve real-world
and maintaining software applications. adhering to industry best practices. problems through software solutions.
Key Principles of Software Engineering

Modularity Abstraction Encapsulation

Breaking down complex software into Hiding complex details and presenting Bundling data and methods within a
smaller, manageable, and reusable simplified interfaces for interactions. single unit to protect data and control
components. access.
Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Planning
1
Define project goals and scope.

Requirements Gathering
2
Understand user needs and system functionalities.

Design
3
Create the software architecture and user interface.

Development
4
Write code and implement the software features.

Testing
5
Verify software functionality and identify bugs.

Deployment
6
Release the software to users and make it available.

Maintenance
7
Provide ongoing support, updates, and bug fixes.
Requirement Gathering and Analysis

User Needs
1 Understanding user goals, pain points, and expectations.

Business Requirements
2
Defining the scope, objectives, and constraints of the software.

Technical Requirements
3 Specifying technical specifications, performance, and
platform compatibility.
Software Design
Methodologies
Waterfall Model Agile Methodologies
A linear approach, with each phase Iterative and incremental
completed before moving on to development, focusing on
the next. It emphasizes detailed customer feedback and
planning and documentation. continuous improvement. It
emphasizes adaptability and
collaboration.

Spiral Model Object-Oriented Design

Combines aspects of both Focuses on modeling real-world
waterfall and prototyping, objects and their interactions, using
emphasizing risk management and concepts like classes, objects, and
early prototype development. inheritance.
Architectural Patterns and
Design Principles

Blueprint for Success Layered Design

Architectural patterns define the Separates concerns into distinct
high-level structure and layers, enhancing modularity and
organization of a software system. maintainability.

Event-Driven Architecture
Systems respond to events,
enabling asynchronous
communication and scalability.
Coding and Implementation
Language Selection
Choosing the right programming language depends on the project's
requirements and constraints. Consider factors like performance, scalability, and
developer familiarity.

Code Structure
Well-organized code is essential for maintainability and collaboration. Use
coding standards, design patterns, and modularity to enhance readability and
reduce complexity.

Testing
Write unit tests to ensure individual components function correctly. Integration
tests verify the interaction between modules.

Debugging
Thorough testing helps identify and fix bugs, but debugging tools and
techniques can be used to pinpoint and resolve errors during development.
Testing Strategies and
Techniques
1 Unit Testing 2 Integration Testing
Individual components are Multiple components are
tested in isolation to ensure tested together to verify
they function correctly. their interaction and data
flow.

3 System Testing 4 Acceptance Testing

The entire system is tested User acceptance testing is
to ensure it meets performed to ensure the
requirements and functions software meets the needs
as intended. of the stakeholders.
Agile Software
Development
Iterative and Customer
Incremental Collaboration
Develop software in short Closely involve customers
cycles, delivering working throughout the development
software frequently. process.

Adaptability and Continuous

Flexibility Improvement
Respond quickly to changing Reflect and adapt based on
requirements and market feedback, striving for
conditions. continuous improvement.
Continuous Integration and Delivery
1 Continuous Integration
Frequent code merges, automated builds, and tests ensure code quality and
early detection of issues.

2 Continuous Delivery
Automate the deployment process to release software updates regularly and
efficiently.

3 Faster Feedback
Rapid delivery cycles allow for faster user feedback and iterative improvements.

4 Reduced Risk
Smaller, incremental releases minimize the impact of potential bugs and issues.
Version Control and
Collaboration

Track changes and collaborate on Manage code versions and

projects. rollbacks.

Merge code, resolve conflicts, and

work in teams.
Software Maintenance and Refactoring
Sustaining Functionality Improving Performance Enhancing Readability

Regular maintenance ensures Optimizing code, fixing bugs, and Refactoring improves code structure,
software continues to meet user enhancing security contribute to a making it easier to understand,
needs and adapts to changing more efficient and reliable application. modify, and extend the software.
requirements.
Software Quality Assurance
1 Testing 2 Code Reviews 3 Performance Evaluation
Ensuring software meets quality Analyzing code for errors, Measuring software
standards through rigorous security vulnerabilities, and performance, stability, and
testing. adherence to best practices. responsiveness.
Security and Resilience in Software

Secure Development Resilience and Fault Security Awareness and

Practices Tolerance Training
Integrating security considerations Designing software to withstand Educating developers and users about
throughout the SDLC, including secure failures, outages, and attacks, using security threats, best practices, and
coding practices, vulnerability testing, techniques like redundancy, load incident response protocols.
and threat modeling. balancing, and disaster recovery.
Scalability and Performance Optimization
Handling Growth Performance Metrics Optimization Techniques

Software must adapt to increasing Key metrics include response time, Strategies include caching, load
user demands and data volumes throughput, resource utilization, and balancing, database tuning, and code
without compromising performance. user experience. optimization.
Debugging and Troubleshooting
1 Identifying Issues 2 Systematic Approach 3 Testing and Verification
Debugging involves pinpointing Troubleshooting involves a After fixing a bug, it's essential to
the root cause of errors and methodical process of examining test the code thoroughly to
unexpected behavior in software. code, logs, and system behavior ensure it resolves the issue and
to diagnose problems. doesn't introduce new problems.
Project Management in
Software Engineering

Timely execution of tasks and Coordination and collaboration

deliverables. among team members.

Resource allocation and cost

management.
Emerging Trends in Software
Engineering
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Cloud Computing
AI is transforming software Cloud platforms are becoming
development by automating tasks, increasingly popular for hosting
improving efficiency, and and deploying software, offering
enhancing user experiences. scalability and flexibility.

DevOps Cybersecurity
DevOps practices emphasize As software becomes more
collaboration, automation, and interconnected, cybersecurity is
continuous delivery, leading to paramount to protecting sensitive
faster and more reliable software data and systems.
releases.
Ethical Considerations in Software
Development

Data Privacy Security and Vulnerability Social Impact

Protecting user data and ensuring Building secure and resilient software Considering the potential societal
responsible data collection, storage, systems to safeguard against malicious impacts of software development and
and usage is paramount. actors and cyber threats is crucial. ensuring ethical use of technology is
essential.
Career Paths in Software Engineering

Software Developer Software Architect Project Manager Data Scientist

Develops and maintains Designs and oversees the Manages software Analyzes data, builds
software applications, writes technical architecture of development projects, models, and uses machine
code, debugs, and tests. software systems, ensuring oversees timelines, budgets, learning techniques to solve
scalability and performance. and resources. problems.