PERFORMING COMPUTER

OPERATIONS

COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING

COMPUTER
A computer is a device that
converts data into usable
information. It processes
the input in accordance
with the set of instructions
supplied by the user and
produces the intended
output.
 COMPUTERS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR (4)
DIFFERENT TYPES BASED ON ITS PROCESSING
POWER AND SIZE:
SUPERCOMPUTER

They are the most powerful and

quickest computers (in terms of speed
of processing data).
SUPERCOMPUTER

Supercomputers are intended to

process massive amounts of data, such
as billions of instructions or data in a
single second. This is due to
supercomputers' hundreds of linked
processors.
SUPERCOMPUTER

Used in:
·Scientific Simulations
·Weather forecasting
Nuclear weapon testing
 MAINFRAME

Mainframe computers are

built in such a way that they
can accommodate hundreds
or thousands of concurrent
users.
 MAINFRAME

It also supports numerous programs at

the same time It is commonly used in:

·Banks
·Educational Institution
·Insurance companies
Telecom sectors
 MAINFRAME

It also supports numerous programs at

the same time It is commonly used in:

·Banks
·Educational Institution
·Insurance companies
Telecom sectors
MINI COMPUTER

also known as “Midrange” or

medium size computer fill the
space between the mainframe
and microcomputer.
 MINI COMPUTER

This sort of computer has two or

more CPUs and can accommodate up
to 200 users at once.
Some of its uses are as:
·Billing
·Accounting
Inventory management
 MINI COMPUTER

This sort of computer has two or

more CPUs and can accommodate up
to 200 users at once.
Some of its uses are as:
·Billing
·Accounting
Inventory management
MICRO COMPUTER

is the most common type of computer

- desktops, laptops, tablets, and
smartphones. It is the most affordable
among the other kind of computer.
MICRO COMPUTER

This computer is intended for general

use, such as entertainment, education,
and work.
BASIC PARTS OF COMPUTER
The Elements of Computer System
A COMPUTER SYSTEM IS A FUNDAMENTAL "COMPLETE"
COLLECTION OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS THAT WORKS
TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE AN INTENDED RESULT. IT CONSISTS OF
SEVERAL COMPONENTS, EACH OF WHICH SERVES A DISTINCT
ROLE; NONETHELESS, THEY ALL PRODUCE THE SAME OUTCOME
AS SPECIFIED BY THE USER. IT HAS 3 ELEMENTS THAT WILL MAKE
A COMPUTER USEFUL.
 1. Hardware refers to the
physical, tangible computer
equipment and devices
which provides support for
major functions such as
input, process, output, and
storage.
A. INPUT DEVICES are
composed of a device that
accepts data and
instructions from the user
or from another computer
system.
 KEYBOARD
MOUSE

WEBCAM

LIGHT CONTROLLE
SCANNER
PEN R
 B. OUTPUT DEVICE is
any piece of computer
hardware that shows
results after the computer
has processed the input
data.
 PROJECTOR
VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT PRINTE
R

HEADPHONE SPEAKERS
 C. PROCESS DEVICE
Processing devices are
computer components that
are in charge of processing
or transforming data into
useful information.
 CENTRAL PROCESING
UNIT

MOTHER
BOARD

GRAPHICS
PROCESSING UNIT
 MOTHERBOARD

MAIN BOARD / SYSTEM

BOARD
is a computer's primary circuit
board. It houses all the circuits and
components that make the
computer function.
 CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT

The processor is a computer

system's main "brain" or "heart."
It executes all instructions and
calculations and handles the flow
of information through a
computer.
 VIDEO CARD

GRAPHICS PROCESSING
UNIT
An expansion card that creates a
feed of output graphics to a
display device (monitor). It is
known as a display card, graphics
card, display adapter, or graphics
adapter.
 SYSTEM UNIT

The system unit is also known as a

"computer tower" or "computer
chassis," which houses various
electronic components that make
up the computer. Its purpose is to
protect the electronic components
from static electricity and other
elements.
OTHER INTERNAL
COMPONENTS
 POWER SUPPLY

Located inside the PC case's

back corner, close to the
motherboard. It converts
alternating current (AC) into
direct current (DC) to power
other components in the PC.
 HEATSINK

A heat sink is a passive heat

exchanger that transfers the
heat generated by an electronic
or a mechanical device to a fluid
medium, often air or a liquid
coolant, where it is dissipated
away from the device, thereby
allowing regulation of the
device's temperature.
 OPTICAL DRIVE

An optical drive is a type of

storage device that reads
data from optical medium
using lasers.
 D. STORAGE DEVICE A
storage device is a
component of computer
hardware that stores
information/data to
process the results of any
computational task.
 RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY

RAM is volatile, which means it

only stores data while the power
is turned on. Its contents are lost
when the power is turned off.
 READ ONLY
MEMORY
ROM is an acronym for Read-Only
Memory. It refers to computer
memory chips containing
permanent or semi-permanent
data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-
volatile; even after you turn off
your computer, the contents of
ROM will remain.
MAGNETIC

In magnetic storage devices,

data is stored on a
magnetized medium and
patterns to store data.
HARD DISK DRIVE
It is a hard disk drive (HDD)
that uses magnetic storage
to store and retrieve
permanent data. It is a non-
volatile storage device that
can be changed or erased in
an unlimited number of
times.
 FLOPPY DISK
DRIVE
is a detachable magnetic data
storage media encased in a hard
plastic cartridge about 3.5
inches square and around 2
millimeters thick. It can hold up
to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data
and is also known as a "3.5-inch
diskette."
 OPTICAL

Optical storage refers to recording

data using laser or light. Typically,
that’s done using a drive that can
contain a removable disk and a
system based on lasers that can read
or write to the disk
 BLU RAY DISC

It is a flat circular disc that is

used to store data such as high-
definition video. It has a storage
capacity up to 25-50 GB (single
and double layer).
 COMPACT DISC
also called optical disc is a
nonmagnetic, polished metal
disk used to store digital
information. CD can store data
up to 700MB.

Example:
1. CD- R (read only)
 DIGITAL
VERSATILE DISC
an optical disc technology with a
4.7 GB single-layer disc and
another one is 8.5GB double-
layer discs.

Example:
1. DVD – R (read only)
2. DVD RW (read & write)
FLASH MEMORY

A flash memory device is made up of trillions of

interconnected flash memory cells that are used
to store data.
 SOLID STATE
DRIVE

It is a type of a computer non-

volatile storage device that
stores permanent data on a
solid-state flash memory. SSD is
significantly faster than HDD.
 MEMORY CARD

Also known as flashcard, is a

non-volatile storage device
which stores data and files form
the associated device. It is
widely utilized in tiny, portable
devices like cameras and
phones.
 FLASH DRIVE

A USB drive, often known as a

flash drive, memory stick, or
thumb drive, is a compact,
portable device that connects
into your computer's USB port.
SOFTWARE
– A collection of instructions,
methods, and documentation
that performs various activities
on a computer system is
referred to as software. It is a
computer program that is
installed in your computer.
KINDS OF COMPUTER
SOFTWARE

1.APPLICATION SOFTWARE
2.SYSTEM SOFTWARE
 APPLICATION
SOFTWARE

Application Software is a computer program that

performs a specific task. Examples: MS Office Suite
Package, Media Player, Spreadsheet, Web browsers
etc.
 MICROSOFT
APPLICATION

1. MS WORD - is a word
processing application that
allows you to create a different
of documents, such as
brochures, letters, resumes, and
more.
 MICROSOFT
APPLICATION
2. MS EXCEL - is a spreadsheet
program ideal for storing,
organizing, calculating, and
analyzing numeric data,
including training log, budget,
invoice, sales figures, sales
taxes, and students’ grades.
 MICROSOFT
APPLICATION

3. MS POWERPOINT – is a
presentation program that uses
animated approach to
presentation slides.
 PHOTO EDITING
SOFTWARE

is often used in
photo editing and
enhancement to
provide high-quality
result
 VIDEO EDITING
SOFTWARE

is a program used to
edit movies or video
files.
 WEB BROWSER

It is also known as “browser” is a type of software that

allows a user to find, access, and display web sites on
the World Wide Web. A web browser's principal role is
to interpret and display HTML online pages, apps,
JavaScript, and other material maintained on web
servers in the form of text, images, audio, and video.,
the code used to construct "webpages".
 SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
coordinates hardware and software operations and
functions. It manages the functioning of computer
hardware and offers an environment or platform in
which all other forms of software may operate. It is
the most fundamental sort of software in any
computer system, and it is needed for other programs,
applications, and the computer system to work.
 OPERATING
SYSTEM
is the software that handles all
other programs in a computer
after being loaded into it by a
boot program.

Examples:
Microsoft Windows, Mac OS,
Linux, Ubuntu
 UTILITY
PROGRAMS

applications with limited

capabilities that are often
used by the user to keep
the computer system
functioning smoothly.
PEOPLEWARE
The term "peopleware" is the
most important element of
computer system which is
refers to the role that people
play in technology and the
creation of hardware or
software . It is also called
“human ware”.