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CC Assignment 2

CC assignment 2

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TUSHAR AHUJA
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17 views8 pages

CC Assignment 2

CC assignment 2

Uploaded by

TUSHAR AHUJA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1. Explain the cloud reference model and its components.

How
does it relate to the types of cloud deployment models (public,
private, hybrid)?
ANS. Cloud Reference Model and Its Components
The cloud reference model provides a framework to understand the structure and
delivery of cloud services. It outlines three primary service models, often referred to
as the "cloud service stack," and defines the responsibilities shared between cloud
providers and users. The components are:

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)


 Definition: Provides virtualized computing resources such as virtual machines
(VMs), storage, and networks.
 Key Features:
o Users manage operating systems, applications, and data.
o Providers handle the underlying hardware and virtualization.
 Examples: AWS EC2, Google Compute Engine, Microsoft Azure VMs.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)


 Definition: Offers a platform for developers to build, deploy, and manage
applications without dealing with the underlying infrastructure.
 Key Features:
o Includes tools, libraries, and middleware for application development.
o Providers manage infrastructure, runtime, and operating systems.
 Examples: Google App Engine, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Microsoft Azure App
Service.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS)


 Definition: Delivers fully managed software applications over the internet,
accessible through a web browser.
 Key Features:
o Providers handle everything, including infrastructure, platform, and
software maintenance.
o Users focus solely on using the software.
 Examples: Gmail, Microsoft Office 365, Salesforce.

Relation to Cloud Deployment Models


The cloud reference model's components (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) can be implemented
across different cloud deployment models:
1. Public Cloud
 Definition: Resources and services are hosted and managed by a third-party
provider and shared among multiple customers.
 Relation:
o Public clouds commonly offer all three components—SaaS, PaaS, and
IaaS.
o Examples: AWS, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure.

2. Private Cloud
 Definition: Resources are exclusively used by a single organization, either
hosted on-premises or by a third party.
 Relation:
o Organizations may deploy their own IaaS or PaaS in private clouds for
better control and security.
o Often used for mission-critical applications.

3. Hybrid Cloud
 Definition: Combines public and private clouds, allowing data and applications
to be shared between them.
 Relation:
o Businesses use public clouds for scalability (e.g., IaaS for testing) and
private clouds for sensitive data (e.g., SaaS for internal tools).
o Provides flexibility and optimization for various workloads.
Q2. Compare and contrast the economics of public and private
clouds. In your answer, address the following points: a) Initial
investment costs b) Operational expenses c) Scalability
considerations d) Resource utilization
ANS.

Q3. Compare the economic advantages of public clouds over


private clouds. What roles do economies of scale play in public
cloud services?
ANS.
Role of Economies of Scale in Public Cloud Services
Economies of scale play a crucial role in the cost-efficiency of public cloud services:
1. Shared Infrastructure: Public clouds host multiple customers on the same
physical infrastructure, reducing the cost per user.
2. Bulk Procurement: Cloud providers purchase hardware and software in large
volumes, achieving lower per-unit costs.
3. Specialized Expertise: Providers invest in advanced automation, energy-
efficient systems, and centralized management, which reduces operational
costs and benefits all users.
4. Dynamic Workload Balancing: Providers optimize resource allocation across
customers, ensuring minimal wastage and cost-effective operations.

Q4. What are the key technologies driving cloud computing


platforms? Discuss how these technologies enhance cloud
infrastructure productivity.
ANS. Key Technologies Driving Cloud Computing Platforms
1. Virtualization
o Role: Virtualization abstracts physical hardware resources (e.g.,
servers, storage, and networks) and creates virtual environments that
multiple users can share.
o Enhancement:
 Improves resource utilization by consolidating multiple
workloads on fewer physical machines.
 Enables flexible and scalable allocation of resources to meet
dynamic demands.
 Simplifies management through the creation of virtual machines
(VMs) and containers.

2. Containers and Orchestration


o Role: Containers (e.g., Docker) encapsulate applications and their
dependencies, enabling consistent deployment across environments.
Orchestration tools (e.g., Kubernetes) automate container
management at scale.
o Enhancement:
 Improves productivity through rapid application deployment and
scaling.
 Enhances portability across different cloud environments.
 Simplifies operational complexity by automating scaling,
updates, and recovery.

3. Storage Technologies
o Role: Technologies like distributed file systems, object storage (e.g.,
Amazon S3), and block storage support high-performance and scalable
data storage.
o Enhancement:
 Provides scalable, fault-tolerant, and cost-effective storage
solutions.
 Supports diverse workloads, including big data analytics,
backups, and high-transaction databases.

4. Networking
o Role: Software-defined networking (SDN) and virtual private networks
(VPNs) enable flexible, secure, and high-speed connectivity within and
across cloud infrastructures.
o Enhancement:
 Simplifies network configuration and management.
 Improves efficiency with dynamic routing and load balancing.
 Enhances security with encryption and segmentation.

5. Automation and DevOps Tools


o Role: Tools like Ansible, Terraform, and Jenkins automate infrastructure
provisioning, configuration, and CI/CD pipelines.
o Enhancement:
 Reduces manual effort, minimizing human error and improving
productivity.
 Accelerates application delivery and infrastructure updates.
 Promotes collaboration between development and operations
teams.
Q5. Analyze the different types of cloud architectures and discuss
the economic factors that influence the decision between public
and private clouds. Provide examples of real-world scenarios
where each type of cloud architecture would be beneficial.
ANS. Types of Cloud Architectures
1. Public Cloud
o Description: Resources are hosted, managed, and shared by third-
party cloud providers (e.g., AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud).
o Key Features:
 Pay-as-you-go pricing.
 Highly scalable.
 Minimal upfront costs.
o Use Cases:
 Startups and SMEs: A small e-commerce business using AWS
for hosting its website and scaling during seasonal sales.
 Dynamic Workloads: Media streaming platforms like Netflix rely
on public clouds to handle traffic spikes.

2. Private Cloud
o Description: Resources are exclusively used by a single organization,
either hosted on-premises or by a third party.
o Key Features:
 High control and customization.
 Enhanced security and compliance.
 Significant upfront costs.
o Use Cases:
 Highly Regulated Industries: Banks or healthcare providers
hosting sensitive customer data on private clouds to meet
compliance requirements.
 Mission-Critical Applications: A government agency managing
confidential citizen data in a private cloud.

3. Hybrid Cloud
o Description: Combines public and private clouds, allowing data and
applications to move between them as needed.
o Key Features:
 Flexibility to scale using public clouds while maintaining control
over sensitive data in private clouds.
 Cost optimization by balancing workloads.
o Use Cases:
 Retail Businesses: A retailer storing sensitive customer
payment data in a private cloud while running analytics on
customer behavior using a public cloud.
 Disaster Recovery: A manufacturing company uses a private
cloud for day-to-day operations and a public cloud for disaster
recovery.

4. Multi-Cloud
o Description: Uses multiple cloud providers (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google
Cloud) to avoid vendor lock-in and optimize performance.
o Key Features:
 Customization by choosing the best services from each provider.
 Resilience through provider diversification.
o Use Cases:
 Global Enterprises: A multinational corporation uses Google
Cloud for AI/ML workloads and Azure for enterprise-grade
storage.
 Avoiding Downtime: Organizations balancing workloads across
multiple clouds to prevent disruptions.
Real-World Scenarios

Public Cloud
 Scenario: A gaming company hosting an online multiplayer platform can
leverage the scalability of public clouds to handle surges in user traffic during
peak gaming hours.
 Reason: Cost-effective scalability and global availability.
Private Cloud
 Scenario: A healthcare provider hosting patient records and sensitive medical
data chooses a private cloud to ensure HIPAA compliance.
 Reason: Enhanced control and security tailored to compliance needs.
Hybrid Cloud
 Scenario: An online retailer uses a private cloud for customer data and a
public cloud for analytics on shopping behavior.
 Reason: Balances security with cost-effective resource utilization.
Multi-Cloud
 Scenario: A tech enterprise runs machine learning workloads on Google
Cloud and critical ERP systems on Microsoft Azure.
 Reason: Optimizes for specialized services and avoids vendor lock-in.

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