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Lab 8

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11 views5 pages

Lab 8

Uploaded by

zakokox1
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)

SMME

Lab Report 8

COURSE: Control engineering lab

SUBMITTED BY: Zain Ahmed (428451)

SECTION: ME-14 B

SUBMITTED To: Sir Usman Ghani


ON-Off control of water level and effect of hysteresis on
the level control system
Objective
 To measure the level of water using an ON-OFF controller.
 To understand the concept of hysteresis and effect of hysteresis on the level of water.
 To get familiarize yourself with ON-OFF controller.

Apparatus
The apparatus used in this experiment is level control trainer or module.

LVDT

Process tank

Solenoid
valve

Figure 1: Level control system apparatus

Level sensor
Water pump
interface
driver
Solenoid valve
PID
driver
controller
ON/OFF
Procedure
1. First of all connect the set point value to 6 with ON-OFF controller interface.
2. Then connect 1 with 1 and 2 with 2 on level sensor interface.
3. Connect 5 of level sensor interface with the 5 of ON-OFF controller interface.
4. Connect the output of ON-OFF i.e. 10 with the 10 of water pump interface.
5. Connect 11 with 11 and 12 with 12 of water pump interface.
6. Now turn on the system and give the set point value.
7. Note one reading without hysteresis and one with hysteresis.

Circuit representation

Circuit setup
 Connect Set point to 6(ON-OFF controller interface)
 1 with 1 and 2 to 2 (Level sensor interface)
 5 (Level sensor interface) with 5 (ON-OFF controller interface)
 10 (ON-OFF controller interface) with 10 (Water pump interface)
 11 to 11 and 12 to 12 (Water pump interface)
Tabular data
Without hysteresis With hysteresis

set point (V) 8.24 8.24

upper limit set point


8.3 9.064
(V)

uprising time (s) 1.76 8.5

lower limit set point


7.8 7.416
(V)

lowering time (s) 7.9 20

Graph

Without hysteresis
10

8
level (cm)

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (s)

Figure 2: Without hysteresis

with hysteresis
10

8
level (cm)

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
time

Figure 3: With hysteresis


Discussion
The purpose of the experiment was to determine the relationship between hysteresis and the
response time of a level control system. The system's response depends on the water level
established as the setpoint. With 0% hysteresis, when the set point value is given 8V then the
sensor automatically activates as soon as the water level reaches 8 cm and is required to
maintain it at that level. In this case, the reaction of both the sensor and the pump is
instantaneous, keeping the water level steady at 8 cm. However, when a small amount of
hysteresis is applied, a slight delay in the pump's activation and deactivation is observed,
which is reflected in the timing data recorded in the table. This delay increases proportionally
with the increase in the system's hysteresis.

Conclusion
There is a direct relationship between the hysteresis and the response time of the system.
As the hysteresis increases so does the response time. The upper and lower limits change
and so do the uprising and lowering time.

Safety precautions
 Always check the connections before usage
 Don’t try to make wrong connections.
 Don’t work on any apparatus if you are not familiar with it.
 Make sure that the power is off when working on electrical circuit.
 Keep liquids away from the electrical circuit.

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