C4 DIFFERENTIATION Answers - Worksheet B

dx dy
1 a = 1, = 2t
dt dt
dy dy dx
b = ÷ = 2t ÷ 1 = 2t
dx dt dt

dx dy dx dy dx dy
2 a = 2t, =3 b = 2t, = 6t2 + 2t c = 2 cos t, = −6 sin t
dt dt dt dt dt dt
dy dy dx 3 dy dy dx 6t 2 + 2t dy dy dx −6sin t
= ÷ = = ÷ = = 3t + 1 = ÷ = = −3 tan t
dx dt dt 2t dx dt dt 2t dx dt dt 2cos t

dx dy dx dy dx dy
d = 3, = t−2 e = −2 sin 2t, = cos t f = et + 1, = 2e2t − 1
dt dt dt dt dt dt
dy dy dx t −2 dy dy dx cos t dy dy dx 2e2t −1
= ÷ = = ÷ = = ÷ =
dx dt dt 3 dx dt dt −2sin 2t dx dt dt et +1
1 cos t
= = = − 14 cosec t = 2et − 2
3t 2 −4sin t cos t

dx dx dx
g = 2 sin t × cos t, h = 3 sec t tan t, i = −(t + 1)−2,
dt dt dt
dy dy dy 1 × (t − 1) − t × 1
= 3 cos2 t × (−sin t) = 5 sec2 t = = −(t − 1)−2
dt dt dt (t − 1)2
dy dy dx −3cos 2 t sin t dy dy dx 5sec 2 t dy dy dx −(t − 1)−2
= ÷ = = ÷ = = ÷ =
dx dt dt 2sin t cos t dx dt dt 3sec t tan t dx dt dt −(t + 1)−2
2
(t + 1)2 t +1
= 
5sec t
= − 32 cos t = = 5
3
cosec t = 
3tan t (t − 1) 2  t −1

3 a t = 1 ∴ x = 1, y = 3 b t = 2 ∴ x = −3, y = 0
dx 2 dy dx dy
= 3t , = 6t = −2t, = 2 − 2t
dt dt dt dt
dy dy dx 6t 2 dy dy dx 2 − 2t 1
= ÷ = 2 = = ÷ = =1−
dx dt dt 3t t dx dt dt −2t t
1
grad = 2 grad = 2

∴ y − 3 = 2(x − 1) ∴ y−0= 1
2
(x + 3)
1 3
y = 2x + 1 y= 2
x+ 2

π
c t= 3
∴x= 3 , y = −1 d t = 3 ∴ x = 0, y = 4
dx dy dx 1 1 dy
= 2 cos t, = 4 sin t =− = , = 2t
dt dt dt 4−t t−4 dt
dy dy dx 4sin t dy dy dx 2t
= ÷ = = 2 tan t = ÷ = 1 = 2t(t − 4)
dx dt dt 2cos t dx dt dt t −4

grad = 2 3 grad = −6
∴ y + 1 = 2 3 (x − 3) ∴ y − 4 = −6(x − 0)
y= 2 3x−7 y = 4 − 6x

 Solomon Press
C4 DIFFERENTIATION Answers - Worksheet B page 2

dx dy
4 θ = π
3
∴ x = 2, y = 2 3 5 a = −t−2, = −(t + 2)−2
dt dt
dx dy dy dy dx −(t + 2) −2
= sec θ tan θ, = 2 sec2 θ = ÷ =
dθ dθ dx dt dt −t −2
2
2sec 2 θ t2
= 
dy dy dx t 
= ÷ = = 
dx dθ dθ secθ tan θ (t + 2)2 t+2 
2secθ
= = 2 cosec θ b t=2 ∴x= 1
2
, y= 1
4
tan θ
4 3
grad = ∴ grad of normal = − 4
grad = 1
4
∴ grad of normal = −4
3
3
∴ y− 2 3 =− 4
(x − 2) ∴ y− 1
4
= −4(x − 1
2
)
4y − 8 3 = − 3 x + 2 3 4y − 1 = −16x + 8
3 x + 4y = 10 3 16x + 4y − 9 = 0

dx dx dy
6 a = 2 cos 2t 7 a = −3 sin θ, = 4 cos θ
dt dθ dθ
dy dy dy dx 4cosθ
= 2 sin t × cos t = sin 2t = ÷ =−
dt dx dθ dθ 3sin θ
dy dy dx sin 2t
= ÷ = = 1
2
tan 2t at (3 cos α, 4 sin α), θ = α
dx dt dt 2cos 2t
π 3 4cosα
b t= 6
∴x= 2
, y= 1
4
∴ grad = −
3sin α
3 4cosα
grad = 2
∴ y − 4 sin α = − (x − 3 cos α)
3sin α
3 3
∴ y− 1
4
= 2
(x − 2
) 3y sin α − 12 sin2 α = −4x cos α + 12 cos2 α
[ 3 x − 2y − 1 = 0 ] 3y sin α + 4x cos α = 12(cos2 α + sin2 α)
3y sin α + 4x cos α = 12
b at ( − 32 , 2 3 ),
3 cos α = − 32 ⇒ cos α = − 12
3
4 sin α = 2 3 ⇒ sin α = 2
3
∴ 3y × 2
+ 4x × ( − 12 ) = 12
4x − 3 3 y + 24 = 0

dx dy
8 a x = 0 ⇒ t2 = 0 ⇒ t=0 9 a = 2 sin θ, = 3 cos θ
dθ dθ
dy dy dx 3cosθ
y = 0 ⇒ t(t − 2) = 0 ⇒ t = 0, 2 = ÷ = or 3
2
cot θ
dx dθ dθ 2sin θ
3cosθ
∴ (0, 0), (4, 0) b i = 0 ∴ cos θ = 0
2sin θ
dx dy π 3π
b i = 2t, = 2t − 2 θ = 2
, 2
∴ (1, 3), (1, −3)
dt dt
dy dy dx 2t − 2 3cosθ
= ÷ = = 1 − t −1 ii → ∞ ∴ sin θ = 0
dx dt dt 2t 2sin θ
1 dy −1
t= x2 ∴ =1− x 2 θ = 0, π ∴ (−1, 0), (3, 0)
dx
1 1 1
ii y = x 2 ( x 2 − 2) = x − 2x 2
dy − 12
=1− x
dx

 Solomon Press
C4 DIFFERENTIATION Answers - Worksheet B page 3

π
10 a x = 0 ⇒ sin θ = 0 ⇒ θ =0 11 a t= 4
, x= 1
2
, y=1
dx dy
y = 0 ⇒ sin 2θ = 0 ⇒ θ = 0, π
2
= 2 sin t cos t , = sec2 t
dt dt
dy dy dx sec 2 t
∴ (0, 0), (1, 0) = ÷ = = 1
2
sec3 t cosec t
dx dt dt 2sin t cos t
dx dy
b = cos θ, = 2 cos 2θ grad = 1
2
× ( 2 )3 × 2 =2
dθ dθ
dy dy dx 2cos 2θ
= ÷ = ∴ y − 1 = 2(x − 1
2
)
dx dθ dθ cosθ
2cos 2θ
= 0 ∴ cos 2θ = 0 y = 2x
cosθ
π
θ = 4
∴ y=1 when x = 0, y = 0
c y = sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ ∴ passes through origin
sin 2 t sin 2 t
cos θ = ± 1 − sin 2 θ b y2 = tan2 t = =
cos 2 t 1 − sin 2 t
x
0≤θ ≤ π
2
∴ cos θ = 1 − sin 2 θ ∴ y2 =
1− x

∴ y = 2 x 1 − x2

10 8
12 a t = 3, x = 3
, y= 3
dx dy
= 1 − t−2, = 1 + t−2
dt dt
dy dy dx 1 + t −2 t2 +1
= ÷ = =
dx dt dt 1 − t −2 t2 −1
5
grad = 4

∴ y− 8
3
= 5
4
(x − 10
3
)
[ 5x − 4y − 6 = 0 ]
b sub. parametric eqns into tangent
1 1
5(t + ) − 4(t − ) − 6 = 0
t t
5(t2 + 1) − 4(t2 − 1) − 6t = 0
t2 − 6t + 9 = 0
(t − 3)2 = 0
∴ t = 3 (at P), no other solutions
∴ does not intersect again
1 1
c x2 = (t + )2 = t2 + 2 + (1)
t t2
1 2 1
y2 = (t − ) = t2 − 2 + (2)
t t2
(1) − (2) ⇒ x2 − y2 = 4 [k = 4]

 Solomon Press