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Practice Exercises On Linguistics I

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19 views4 pages

Practice Exercises On Linguistics I

Uploaded by

mohamed.medhat.elantably
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Exercises on Linguistics I

Fill in the following gaps with the appropriate word/term to complete


the meaning of each definition:
1. In a finite verb phrase the _______ or only verb is finite
2. ________ verb forms include: infinitive, - ing participle and - ed
participle.
3. ________ refers to distinctions in the form of the verb that
express the attitude of the speaker to what is said.
4. The ______ is the usual mood in declarative, interrogative and
exclamative sentences.
5. The imperative has the ______form. It is used chiefly as a
directive to request action.
6. There are two forms of the _______: the present and the past.
7. The present subjunctive has the base form which is used in:
______- clauses after the expression of such notions as demand
or request.
8. The past subjunctive ______ is used chiefly to convey that the
speaker is not sure that the situation will happen or is
happening.
9. Phrasal verbs and prepositional verbs are a combination of a
verb and ______ Particle.
10. Phrasal- prepositional verbs have ______ particles.
11. A prepositional verb requires an _______ to complete the
sentence.
12. A transitive phrasal verb also requires an _______.
13. The main word in an adjective phrase is an _______.
14. In set expressions (mostly legal or official designations) the
adjective follows the ______ as in ‘attorney general’ and ‘notary
public’.
15. Adverbs have ______ main functions, but particular adverbs
may have only one.
16. Most of the modifiers are _______ as they express the degree to
which the meaning of the adjective or adverb applies on an
assumed scale.
17. _______ is a relationship between two noun phrases which have
identical reference.
18. The typical structure of the verb phrase consists of a main verb
preceded optionally by a maximum of ______ auxiliary verbs.
19. The first or only ______ in the verb phrase is marked for tense,
person, and number.
20. _______ is a grammatical category referring to the time of the
situation.
21. For all verbs except _______, there are two forms for the
present: the - s form and the base form.
22. _______ is a grammatical category referring to the way that the
time of a situation is viewed by the speaker or writer.
23. Verbs have two ________: the perfect and the progressive.
24. The _______ form of a verb combines a form of the auxiliary
have with the - ed participle of that verb.
25. Many rules that apply to an adjective phrase apply also to an
________.
26. The main word in a noun phrase is a ______ or a pronoun.
27. ________ (words like the, a, those, some) introduce noun
phrases.
28. ________ are units that are dependent on the main word and
can be omitted.
29. The relative pronoun which functions as _______ in the relative
clause.
30. The conjunction ‘that’ in _______ clauses differs from the
relative that because the conjunction does not have a function
within its clause.
31. We can convert the noun phrase containing the appositive
clause into a sentence by inserting a form of the verb ‘Be’
_______ the clause.
32. The ______ perfect refers to a situation set in some indefinite
period that leads to the present.
33. The past perfect refers to a situation earlier than another
situation set in the _________.
34. The progressive combines a form of the auxiliary be with the _____
participle.
35. The ______ indicates that the situation is in progress.
36. _______ have two voices: active and passive.
37. The ______ is a way of phrasing the sentence so that the subject
does not refer to the person or thing responsible (directly or
indirectly) for the action.
38. The most common reason for using the passive is to avoid
referring to the ________ performing the action.
39. ________ phrases are either finite or non- finite.
40. A finite verb is a verb that carries a ______ in tense between
present and past.
41. He had a nasty gash ________needed medical attention.
42. The woman _______ was sitting next to you is an
engineering student.
43.You must have heard the news _______ agreement has been
reached.
44. The addition of the _______ involves some rules of
pronunciation and spelling that depend on how the base form
ends.
45. His heart ______ penetrated by three bullets.
46. _______ is a grammatical category referring to the time of
situation.
47.The _______ of a verb combines a form of the auxiliary have with
the - ed participle of that verb.
48. The crime _______ being investigated by a team of
detectives.
49. He was immediately _______ to the hospital.
50. The refrigerator door has not ______ properly closed.

Mark each of the following sentences with T if it is True and with F if


it False:

51. Modifiers that come before the noun are post- modifiers.
52. The relative clause cannot be a sentence without the relative that.
53. In many contexts, the present perfect and the past perfect can be
replaced by the past.
54. In a non- finite verb phrase all the verbs are finite.
55. Finite verb phrases have three moods: indicative, imperative and
subjunctive.
56. Word classes such as noun, verb, adjective, etc., are called
parts of word.
57. Open classes are readily close to new words.
58. Closed classes are limited classes that rarely admit.
59. Many words could be given multiple membership of word
classes.
60. If words happen to share the same form and are not related in
meaning at all, they are homonyms.
61. If homonyms share the same sound but perhaps differ in spelling,
they are homographs.
62. If homonyms share the same spelling but perhaps differ in
pronunciation, they are homophones.
63. A word may have more than one grammatical form.
64. We recognize the class of a word by its use in context.
65. The suffix - ly is a typical suffix that is added to adverbs (slowly,
proudly).
66. A noun is a word that can be the only or main word in a noun
phrase.
67. We cannot identify all nouns merely by their form but certain
suffixes can be added to verbs or adjectives to make nouns.
68. Proper noun are the names of specific people, places, or
occasions, and they usually begin with a capital letter.
69. Abstract nouns refer to people, places, or things: girl, kitchen,
car.
70. Concrete nouns refer to qualities, states, or actions: humour,
belief, honesty.
71. Non- count nouns refer to entities that are viewed as
countable and have both singular and plural form.
72. Count nouns refer to entities that are viewed as an indivisible
mass that cannot be counted.
73. Non- count nouns refer to entities that are viewed as an
indivisible mass that cannot be counted.
74. Count nouns make a distinction between singular and plural.
75. Few nouns are distinguished in gender, but there are some male
nouns and female nouns.
76. Nouns have two cases: the common and the genitive.
77. The prepositional complement is typically a noun phrase.
78. We can identify the class of words by their form.
79. The tense is indicated by the form of the noun.
80. The aspect is indicated by a combination of auxiliary and verb
form.
81.It is very usual for all four auxiliaries to appear in one verb phrase,
82. The second or only verb in the verb phrase is marked for
tense, person, and number.

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