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Lecture Week 3.2

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6 views17 pages

Lecture Week 3.2

Uploaded by

aditya.gangwar7806
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Contents

Input/Output in C Format Number Systems Operator


Specification
Input and output in C
Basic Methods : scanf()

C performs input and output operations using stdio.h or standard input


output library
scanf()
• The scanf() reads the value from the console as per the type specified and
store it in the given address.
scanf("%X", &variableOfXType);

where %X is the format specifier and & is the address operator which tells the
compiler to change the real value of variableOfXType, stored at this address in the
memory.
Basic Methods : printf()

• The printf() method prints the value passed as the parameter to it, on the
console screen.
• Syntax:
printf("%X", variableOfXType);

where %X is the format specifier which tells the compiler what type of
data is in a variable and variableOfXType is the variable to be printed.
How to take input and output of basic types in
C?
• Integer:
Input: scanf("%d", &intVariable);
Output: printf("%d", intVariable);
• Float:
Input: scanf("%f", &floatVariable);
Output: printf("%f", floatVariable);
• Character:
Input: scanf(“ %c", &charVariable);
Output: printf("%c", charVariable);
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
C program to show input and
int num; output operation
char ch;
float f;
printf("Enter the integer: ");
// Input integer value
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("\nEntered integer is: %d", num); // Output integer value
printf("\n\nEnter the float: "); // Input float value
scanf("%f", &f);
printf("\nEntered float is: %f", f); // Output float value
printf("\n\nEnter the Character: "); // Input character value
scanf(“ %c", &ch);
printf("\nEntered character is: %c", ch); // Output character value
return 0;
}
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
printf("Enter a single Word: ");
scanf("%s\n", str);
User input and
printf("Entered Word is: %s", str); output for string
printf("Enter the complete sentence: ");
scanf("%[^\n]s", str);
printf("\nEntered Sentence is: %s", str);
return 0;
}
Format
specifiers in
C
Example
#include <stdio.h> unsigned int var;
int main() printf("Enter an integer:");
scanf("%u", &var);
{ int x; printf("Entered Unsigned Integer: %u", var);
printf("Enter the integer"); printf("Printing -%d using %u\n", var, -var);
scanf("%d", &x);
printf("Printed using d: %d\n", x); float a = 12.67;
printf("Using f: %f\n", a);
printf("Printed using i: %3i\n", x); printf("Using e: %e\n", a);
return 0; printf("Using E: %E", a);
}
int a = 67;
printf("%o\n", a);
printf("%x\n", a);
What do computers understand?
Number System: Represents a quantity through a set of Numbers

Decimal Number representation


• Examples are:
• 762
Types of Number System
Number System Cont..

From Decimal to Binary From Binary to Decimal


• Examples are: • Examples are:
• (15)10 to ( )2 • (1111)2 to ( )10
• (17.35)10 to ( )2 • (10001.1011)2 to ( )10
Number System Cont..: Try your own

From Decimal to Binary From Binary to Decimal


• (256)10 to ( )2 • (100000000)2 to ( )10
• (198.29)10 to ( )2 • (1011.011)2 to ( )10
Number System Cont..
Char to ASCII ASCII to Char
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main() int main()
{ {
char c = ‘a’; int c = 100;
int asciiValue = (int)c; char asciiValue = (char)c;
printf("%d\n", asciiValue); printf("%c\n", asciiValue);
return 0; return 0;
} }
Upcoming lecture
Operators, Conditional statement
and Loop

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