VIJAYANAGARA SRI KRISHNADEVARAYA UNIVERSITY,

BALLARI
Jnanasagara Campus, Ballari – 583105

Department of Law

SYLLABUS

MASTER OF LAW

(I to IV Semester)

With effect from 2024-25

1
 I-SEMESTER

Teaching
Marks Credit Duration
Semester Title of the hours/week of
Category Subject code
No. Paper IA Sem. Total L T P exams
Exam (Hrs)
DSC1 24LLM1C1L Legal Theories 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
DSC2 24LLM1C2L Administrative 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Law
DSC3 24LLM1C3L Law and Social 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Transformation
DSC4 24LLM1C4L Human Rights 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3

FIRST
DSC5 24LLM1C5L General 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
International
Law
SEC1 Legal 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 1
24LLM1S1LT Communication
Skills
DSCT 24LLM1C1T Human Rights 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 1

Total Marks for I Semester 600 24

2
 SEMESTER - II
Teaching
Marks Credit
hours/week Duration
Semester Title of the
Category Subject code of exams
No. Paper IA Sem. Total L T P
(Hrs)
Exam

DSC6 24LLM2C6L Judicial 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3

Process
DSC7 24LLM2C7L Women 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
and the
Child law
DSC8 24LLM2C8L Labour 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Laws
DSC9 24LLM2C9L Banking 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
and
Insurance
SECOND
Law
DSC10 24LLM2C10L Intellectual 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Property
Rights
Law
SEC2 ADR 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 1
24LLM2S2LT
Skills
DSCT 24LLM2C2T Labour 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 1
Laws

Total Marks for II Semester 600 24

3
 SEMESTER - III
Teaching
Marks hours/wee Credit Duration
Semeste Categor Title of the
Subject co de k of exams
r No. y Paper
IA Sem. Tota L T P (Hrs)
Exam l
DSC11 24LLM3C11L Legal 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Services &
Legal Aid
DSC12 24LLM3C12L Private 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
International
Law
DSC13 24LLM3C13L Science, 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Technology &
Law
DSE1 24LLM3E1L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Business
Laws
Corporate,
Finance &
Investments
Law

Group 2:
Criminal
Laws
Treatment of
Offenders &
THIRD Victimology

Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Indian
Constitutional
Law

DSE2 24LLM3E2L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3

Business
Laws
Law of
Corporate
Management
and
Governance

Group 2:
Criminal
Laws
Crime and
Administratio
4
 n of Criminal
Justice

Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Indian
Constitutional
Law (Writs
and Service
Matters)
GEC1 24LLM3G1L 1. Public 20 30 50 2 - - 2 1
Interest
Litigation
2. Indian
Legal System
3. Cyber Laws
(Within
Faculty)
DSCT 24LLM3C3T Science, 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 1
Technology &
Law
Total Marks for III Semester 600 24

5
 SEMESTER - IV
Teach
ing
Marks Credit
hours/ Duration
Semester Catego Title of the
Subject code week of exams
No. ry Paper
IA Sem. Total L T P (Hrs)
Exa
m
DSC14 24LLM3C14L Environmental 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Law
DSC15 24LLM3C15L Socio-Economic 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Offences
DSE3 24LLM4E3L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Business Laws
Customs and
Foreign
Exchange Laws

Group 2:
Criminal Laws
Privileged Class
Deviance &
Criminology

Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Centre-State
Relations
FOURTH DSE4 24LLM4E4L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Business Laws
World Trade
Law

Group 2:
Criminal Laws
Comparative
Criminal Law

Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Comparative
Constitutional
Law
GEC2 24LLM4G2L 1. Right to 20 30 50 2 - - 2 1
Information
2. Consumer
Laws
3. Intellectual
Property Rights
6
 (Outside
Faculty)

SEC3 Research 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 1
24LLM4S3LT Methodology
Project 24LLM4C1R Research Project 30 70 100 - 8 4 4
Total Marks for IV Semester 600 24
(I-IV semester)- Total Marks: 2400 and Total credits: 96

Note: Course = paper; L= Lecture; T= Tutorial; P=Practical; DSC= Discipline Specific Core
Course; DSE= Discipline Specific Elective; SEC= Skill Enhancement Course; GEC1 = General
Elective Course to be taken from within Faculty from other department, GEC2= General
Elective Course to be taken outside Faculty.
A credit is a unit of study of a fixed duration. For the purpose of computation of workload as per
UGC norms the following is mechanism be adopted in the university: One credit (01) = One
Theory Lecture (L) period of one hour; One credit (01) = One Tutorial (T) period of one hour;
One credit (01) = One practical (P) period of two hours.

A Tutorial is supplementary practice to any teaching –learning process that may consist of
participatory discussion/self study, desk work, seminar presentations by students and such other
novel methods that help a student to absorb and assimilate more effectively the contents
delivered in the Lecture Sessions/ Class, Seminars, Case study, Discussion Session etc.

Subject Code Description:

24 – Year of Revision
KAN – Program Code (here it is Kannada)
1/2/3/4 – Semester
C1/S1/G1/E1 – Course subject 1/SEC1/GEC1/DSE1
L –Lecture
T – Tutorial
P –Practical
R – Research Project

Program Articulation Matrix:

## Pedagogy for student engagement is predominantly lectures. However, other pedagogies
enhancing better student engagement to be recommended for each course. The list includes
active learning/ course projects/ problem or project based learning/ case studies/self study
like seminar, term paper or MOOC
$ Every course needs to include assessment for higher order thinking skills (Applying/
Analyzing/ Evaluating/ Creating). However, this column may contain alternate assessment
methods that help formative assessment (i.e. assessment for learning).

7
 SYLLABUS

Preface
The Department of Law has been focusing on Learning Outcome based Curriculum Framework
which is essentially a student-centric approach in terms of learning through curriculum and
research. To enable these, various tools and techniques are adopted such as seminars and
workshops for and by students. Seminars are conducted in classrooms with primary objective of
encouraging them to step forward in public speaking while avoiding fear of stage. Another aim of
class seminars is build good teaching skills in the students while encouraging them to take up
public speaking on various issues in the society to spread legal awareness. The Department strives
to conduct workshops regularly for research scholars, students, staff of the VSK University and
others to spread knowledge on economic and social importance of laws present in the country.

Preamble
The Department of Law offers Master of Law (LL.M.) program to those graduates who have
passed LL.B. examination. The program is 2 years and 4 semesters with Constitutional Law,
Criminal Law and Business Laws as specialization. The program focuses on contemporary
understanding of philosophy of law with special emphasis on Specialization subjects. The program
is crafted to impart twin dimensions of advanced understanding of law and specialization subjects.
The program focuses on imparting global standards of legal education in constitutional principles
and the dynamic specialization. This one of this kind program uniquely touches both the ever
relevant as well as the most significant subjects and offers them as specialization. The main reason
for having an outcome based approach to curriculum is to meet and fulfill the expectation of
students (present and prospective), employers and other stakeholders.

Programme Learning Objectives:

The overall aims of the LL.M. are to:

1. Have a clarified program with well-defined outcomes

2. Contemporary understanding of philosophy of law with special emphasis on Specialization
subjects
3. Enable the students to achieve advanced understanding of law and its application
4. Include global competencies and attributes necessary for a student of law at masters level.

8
Programme Outcomes
By the end of the program, students will be able to –

PO1: Evaluate the growth of Indian legal jurisprudence at the global level while cherishing
the existence of rule of law in the Indian society
PO2: Incorporate suitable application of law into various social problems existing in the
society while appreciate the constitutional values and principles.
PO3: Students will be to demonstrate the fundamental and advanced grasp of specialization
subjects.
PO4: Students will be able to explore and extract crucial information from laws and
judicial pronouncements and critically examine the underlying assumptions, theories, and
policies that guide judicial pronouncements.
PO5: Develop students with adequate skills to work in courts, businesses, and companies as
a legal professional and also develop capability of self-employment.
PO6: Demonstrate adequate Legal research and legal reasoning abilities and apply it in the
curriculum and in Legal practice.

Programme Specific Outcomes:

At the end of the programme, the students will be able to:
PSO1 Develop knowledge about Indian legal jurisprudence and other specialization
subjects.
PSO2 Demonstrate ability to apply laws specific to various fields of law such as human
rights.
PSO3 Demonstrate fundamental grasp of the courses needed of all post-graduates of law.
PSO4 Analyze and evaluate critically the underlying assumptions and reasoning in the
court decisions.
PSO5 Acquire knowledge and skills necessary for legal practice and academia
PSO6 Develop adequate professional values and ethics to realize the constitutional
principles in the society.

9
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

SYLLABUS IN DETAIL

Teaching
Marks Credit Duration
Semester Title of the hours/week of
Category Subject code
No. Paper IA Sem. Total L T P exams
Exam (Hrs)
DSC1 24LLM1C1L Legal Theories 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
DSC2 24LLM1C2L Administrative 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Law
DSC3 24LLM1C3L Law and Social 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Transformation
DSC4 24LLM1C4L Human Rights 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3

FIRST
DSC5 24LLM1C5L General 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
International
Law
SEC1 Legal 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 2
24LLM1S1LT Communication
Skills
DSCT 24LLM1C1T Human Rights 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 2

Total Marks for I Semester 600 24

10
 24LLM1C1L: Legal Theories

Sub Code : 24LLM1C1L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives :

1. To understand and identify schools of Jurisprudence.

2. To compare and contrast the various schools of Jurisprudence in terms of legal decision.
3. To understand the contemporary significance of legal theory

Course Outcomes (COs):

CO Nos. Course Outcomes

CO1 The students will be able to evaluate the various theories of law
CO2 They will be to analyze the various notions of personalities
CO3 They will also be to demonstrate liabilities under various circumstances.

Module 12 Hours
Analytical Views of Law
I:
Chapter 1: Meaning of Positivism-Analytical positivism of Bentham and Austin
Chapter 2: Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law
Chapter 3: Hart's Concept of Law
Chapter 4: Modern Trends in analytical and Normative Jurisprudence.

Module 11 Hours
Historical and Natural Law
II: theories

Chapter 5: Theory of Volksgeist, Criticisms of Volksgeist.

Chapter 6: Henry Maine’s view on the development of Law.
Chapter 7: Natural Law School (Ancient Period: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Cicero
Chapter 8: Medieval Period: St. Thomas Acquinas,
Chapter 9: Renaissance: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau and Kant,
Chapter 10: Modern: Stammler and Fuller
Module Sociological school of law and 11 Hours
III: Realism

Chapter 11: Sociological School (Ehrlich, Ihering, Duguit and Roscoe Pound)
Chapter 12: Realist School -American Legal Realism: Justice Holmes, and Justice Cardozo
Chapter 13: Scandinavian Legal Realism: Hagerstrom and Ross
Module Theories on Person and Property 11 Hours

11
IV:

Chapter 14: Concept of Person - Kinds of Legal Persons,

Chapter 15: Theories of Corporate Personality – Fiction Theory, Realistic Theory, Concession
Theory, and Purpose Theory.
Chapter 16: Property-Concept of Property; Kinds of property, Corporeal property, Incorporeal
property.
Chapter 17: Theories of property – Natural Law Theory, Metaphysical theory, Historical theory
and Sociological Theory. Pragmatism in Legal Philosophy
Module Other Theories 11 Hours
V:
Chapter 18: Pragmatism and a philosophy of law Origin of pragmatism; Basic ideas of
pragmatism
Chapter 19: Philosophy of the radical pragmatist: John Dewey, William James and O.H. Holmes
Chapter 20: Economic Philosophy of Law: meaning and definition of economic jurisprudence
Chapter 21: Economic theories of legal evolution, (a) Communist theories of law, (b)Marxist
theory of law, (c) Renner’s analysis of law, and (d) Legal theory of social democracy.
References:

1. V.D. Mahajan, Jurisprudence and Legal Theory, (5th edition, Eastern Book House,
2016).
2. Austin, J., The province of Jurisprudence Determined (Universal Law Publishing, Delhi,
2012)
3. Bodenheimer, Edgar, Jurisprudence: The Philosophy and Method of the Law (Harvard
University Press, Indian Edition 2018).
4. Dias, R.W.M., Jurisprudence (LexisNexis, 5th Edition).
5. Freeman, Michael, Lloyd’s Introduction to Jurisprudence (Sweet & Maxwell, 9th
Edition)
6. Friedman, W., Legal Theory (Sweet & Maxwell, 5th Edition)
7. Hart, H.L.A., The Concept of Law (Oxford University Press, 3rd Edition)
8. Kelsen, Hans, Pure Theory of Law (The Lawbook Exchange, New Jersey, 2004)
9. Morrison, Wayne, Jurisprudence: From the Greeks to Post-Modernism
10. Paton, G.W., A Textbook of Jurisprudence (Oxford University Press, 4th Edition)
11. Penner, J.E. and Melissaris, E., McCoubrey & White’s Textbook on Jurisprudence
(Oxford University Press, 5th Edition).
12. Stone, Julius, Social Dimensions of Law & Justice (Universal, 2012).

12
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

24LLM1C2L: Administrative Law

Sub Code : 24LLM1C2L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives:

1. To ensure the observance of basic democratic, Law-governed state principles, especially

human rights, in specific public legal relations between the State and a private person;
2. To improve students awareness on Administrative Procedures and law involved
3. To learn the various aspects of implementation of administrative law with comparison to other
jurisdictions
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:

CO No. Course Outcome

CO1 The students will be able to evaluate about present day administrative law in the
country
CO2 They will analyze about the French system of administrative law in comparison
with India
CO3 They will also demonstrate control of administrative actions through different
instruments.

Module I: Nature and Scope of Administrative Law 12 Hours

Chapter 1: Evolution- Nature and Scope of Administrative Law
Chapter 2: Relation with Constitutional Law-Separation of powers and concepts
Chapter 3: Rule of Law- Counsil d’ Etate, (French system)
Chapter 4: Classification of Administration Action- functions- Administrative direction
and discretion.

Module II: Legislative Power of the Administration 11 Hours

Chapter 5: Legislative power of the administration-

Chapter 6: Extent of delegation and control over delegated Legislation
Chapter 7: Sub-delegation-
Chapter 8: Judicial- Parliamentary control over delegated Legislation.
Module III: Judicial Power of Administration 11 Hours

13
 Chapter 9: Judicial power of Administration
Chapter 10: Nature of procedure
Chapter 11: Principles of Natural justice
Chapter 12: Effect of non-compliance with principles of Natural Justice- Exception to
principles of Natural Justice.
Module IV: Judicial Control of Administrative Action 11 Hours

Chapter 13: Judicial control of Administrative action

Chapter 14: Writs, Principles and Procedure
Chapter 15: Public Law Review and Private Law Review of Administration action
Chapter 16: Liability of State – Torts, Contract- Promissory Estoppel-Government
Privileges Right of information
Chapter 17: Doctrine of Legitimate expectation- Doctrine of Accountability- Waiver-
Doctrine of Proportionality.
Module V: Corporations and Public Undertaking 11 Hours

Chapter 18: Corporations and Public undertaking

Chapter 19: Commission of Enquiry- Ombudsman in India (Lokpal and Lokayuktha)

Chapter 20: Central Vigilance Commission - Parliamentary Committees-Civil services in

India

Chapter 21: Accountability and responsibility- Problems and Prospectives-

Administrative deviance- Corruption- Mal-administration- Control mechanism of
Accountability.

References

1. Sathe, S.P.; Administrative Law; LexisNexis Wade, William and Forsyth, Christopher;
Administrative Law; Oxford University Press
2. Upadhayaya, J.J.R.; Administrative Law; Central Law Agency
3. Takwani C.K.; Lectures on Administrative Law; Eastern Book Company
4. Thakker, C.K.; Administrative Law; Eastern Book Company

14
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

24LLM1C3L: Law and Social Transformation

Sub Code : 24LLM1C3L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives:

1. To familiarize the concept of social change and modernization in the society.

2. To study the factors influencing the social transformation
3. To learn how law can bring positive changes in the society

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

CO Course Outcome
CO1 The students will be able to evaluate the principles of social change
CO2 They will be to analyze the factors effecting the social transformation and growth
CO3 They will also be to demonstrate the remedies available in cases of infringement of
personal and public rights.

Module I: Law and social change 12

Hours
Chapter 1: Law as the traditions and culture
Chapter 2: Criticism and evaluation in the light of colonization and the introduction of
common law system and institutions in India
Chapter 3: impact on further development of law and legal institutions in India.

Module II: Community and the law 11

Hours
Chapter 4: Caste as a ‘divisive factor’
Chapter 5: Non-discrimination on the ground of caste
Chapter 6: Caste as a factor to undo past injustices
Chapter 7: Protective discrimination – Reservation – Constitutional provision.
Module III: Regionalism and the law 12
Hours
Chapter 8: Regionalism as a ‘divisive factor’
Chapter 9: Concept of India as one unit – Right of movement, residence and business
Chapter 10: Equality in matters of employment – Admission to educational institutions
and preference to residents of a State.

15
Module IV: Women, child and the law 10 Hours
Chapter 11: Crimes against women – Gender injustice and its forms
Chapter 12: Empowerment of women – Constitutional and legal provisions
Chapter 13: Child labor – Protection against exploitation
Chapter 14: Right to education.
Module V: Modernization and the law 11 Hours

Chapter 15: Modernization as a value – Constitutional perspectives reflected in the

fundamental duties
Chapter 16: Reform of family law – industrial reform – Free enterprise vs. state
regulation – Industrialization vs. environmental protection
Chapter 17: Reform of court processes – Criminal law – Plea bargaining, compounding
and payment of compensation to victims – Civil law
Chapter 18: Concept of ADR – Mediation, conciliation and lok adalats.

References

1. Bhatt, P. Ishwara; Law and Social Transformation; Eastern Book Company

2. Marc Galanter (ed.) – Law and society in Modern India (1957), Oxford.
3. Robert Lingat – The Classical Law of India (1998), Oxford.
4. U. Baxi – The Crisis of the Indian Legal System (1982), Vikas, New Delhi.
5. U.Baxi (ed.) – Law and Poverty: Critical Essays (1988), Tripathi, Bombay.
6. H.M. Seervai – Constitutionals Law of India (1996) Tripathi.
7. D.D. Basu – Shorter Constitution of India (1996), Printice Hall of India (p) Ltd,.

16
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

24LLM1C4L: Human rights

Sub Code : 24LLM1C4L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives:

1. To familiarize the concept of human rights and their violations in the society.
2. To study the need for effective legal mechanisms for protection of human rights
3. To understand the necessity for effective law and executive to counter human rights violations
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
CO Course Outcome
No.
CO1 The students will be able to evaluate the need for protection of human rights
CO2 They will be to analyze the various laws relating to human rights protection in
India
CO3 They will also be to demonstrate the remedies available in cases of infringement
of human rights in society.

Module I: Human Rights Jurisprudence 12 Hours

Chapter 1: Meaning and Concepts

Chapter 2: Evolution: Pre-Magna Carta Position, Magna Carta
Chapter 3: Post Magna Carta Position - French Declaration
Chapter 4: American Bill of Rights).
Module International Human Rights Law 12 Hours
II:
Chapter 5: Human Rights under UN Charter
(1) Universal Declaration of Human Rights International Covenants
(2) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966
(3) International Covenant on Economic, Social & Cultural Rights, 1966
Chapter 6: Regional Conventions (1) European Convention for the Protection of Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 (2) American Convention on Human Rights, 1969 (3)
African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 1981
Chapter 7: International Human Rights Institutions (1) UN Centre for Human Rights (2)
Economic and Social Council (3) Various Commissions and Sub-Commissions on Human
Rights
Module Guarantees under the Indian 11 Hours
III: Constitution.

17
 Chapter 8: History, Development and Implementation of Human Rights in Indian Constitution
Chapter 9: Constitutional philosophy, Preamble, Fundamental rights
Chapter 10: Implementation and enforcement: mechanism of human rights in India.
Chapter 11: Remedies provided by the judiciary and National Human Rights Commission.
Module Protection and Enforcement of Human 10 Hours
IV: Rights in India

Chapter 12: Development of Human Rights Movement and Law in India

Chapter 13: Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
Chapter 14: Contribution of Judiciary to Human Rights Law
Chapter 15: Role of Human Rights Commissions and NGOs.
Module Other laws 11 Hours
V:
Chapter 16: Preventive laws such as Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act,
1987:
Chapter 17: Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002, UAPA.
Chapter 18: Trafficking of Persons (Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill 2017
Chapter 19: Protection of Civil Rights law. Torture and custodial deaths.
Chapter 20: Impact of New Criminal Laws on Human Rights in India

References

1. Basu, D.D.; Human Rights in Constitutional Law; Pearson

2. Seervai, H.M.; Constitution of India; Universal Publication
3. Jain, M.P.; Indian Constitutional Law; LexisNexis
4. Singh, M. P.; V.N Shukla’s Constitution of India; Eastern Book Company

18
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

24LLM1C5L: General International Law

Sub Code : 24LLM1C5L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives :

1. To familiarize students with the basics fundamentals of international Law.

2. To study about the influence of International Law on the world.
3. To enable better understanding of applicability international laws on Indians and foreigners
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
CO No.s Course Outcome

CO1 The students will be able to evaluate the scope for international law

CO2 They will be to analyze the various treaties signed by India and their validity in
Indian context
CO3 They will also be to demonstrate the manner of implementation of international
treaties in India.

Module I: Introduction to International Law 12

Hours
Chapter 1: Introduction – Evolution of international Law
Chapter 2: Sources, Treaties, Customs, General Principles of Law
Chapter 3: Judicial decisions and opinion of the publicists
Chapter 4: other sources of Law, Law making through international organization-
codification and progressive development
Chapter 5: Role of International Law Commission.

Module II: Relationship between international Law 11

and municipal Law
Hours
Chapter 6: Application of international Law in the municipal sphere
Chapter 7: Application in the national sphere- Customary Laws and treaties with special
reference to India
Chapter 8: Influence of international Law on in the World Court and other tribunals.
Module III: Jurisdiction of State 11
Hours

19
 Chapter 9: Jurisdiction of State- Nationality, its acquisition, loss and proof- Double
nationality and statelessness
Chapter 10: Criminal jurisdiction – Basis of criminal jurisdiction
Chapter 11: International Criminal Law and International Criminal Tribunals
Chapter 12: Aliens- Acquired rights of aliens.

Module IV: Sovereign Immunity of States 11 Hours

Chapter 13: Sovereign immunity-Immunity of States- Immunity of State Organs
and Property
Chapter 14: State Responsibility – General Principles- Imputability
Chapter 15: Responsibility for injuries to aliens
Chapter 16: Procedural enforcement of claims, espousal and nationality of claims,
and exhaustion of local remedies.
Module V: Law of Treaties 11 Hours

Chapter 17: Definition, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, State Practice
— India
Chapter 18: Interpretation of Treaties by Indian Courts The Legality of War and
Use of Force:
Chapter 19: Outlawry of War- Historical Evolution; Position within the UN Charter;
Chapter 20: Definition of Aggression; and the Legality of Use of Nuclear Weapons
Chapter 21: Use of Force in International Law: States, Individual and United
Nations

References

1. Kapoor, S.K; International Law and Human Rights; Central Law Agency
2. Brownlie: Principles of Public International Law, Second Edition, (Oxford, 1973).
3. Oppenheim: International Law, Vol. I (Peace) Ninth Edition, (U.K. 1992).
4. Malcolm Shaw: International Law, Fourth Edition (London, 1997).
5. Verma, S. K., An Introduciton to Public International Law (Satyam, New Delhi, 2012).
6. Agrawal, H.O; International Law and Human Rights; Central Law Publication
7. Starke, J. G., Introduction to International Law, 10th ed Butturworths, London, 1992).

20
 Master of Law (LL.M.): Semester 1

24LLM1S1LT: Legal Communication Skills

Sub Code : 24LLM1S1LT No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 02

Total Credit = 02 Internal Assessment Marks : 20 & Exam Marks : 30 =50

Objectives :

1. To learn the usage of legal terms and maxims in legal writing and profession.
2. To learn communication skills in various aspects required for legal profession.
3. To develop students ready for academia, legal practice or other fields of law
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
CO No. Course Outcome
CO1 The students will be able to effectively use legal maxims in all legal processes
CO2 They will be to evaluate judicial pronouncements and proceedings
CO3 They will also be to demonstrate skills such as client counseling, briefing cases,
negotiation techniques etc.

Module I INTRODUCTORY 9 Hours

Language of the Supreme Court, High Court, etc.
Special Procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language.
Use of English Language in the Supreme Court is Compulsory
Language of the High Courts depends on the order of governor of State concerned.
Problem of Language in Drafting Documents.
Golden Rules for Drafting.
Module II LEGAL LANGUAGE 10 Hours

a. Historical Background of law and Language

b. Comparative Description of Law and Language
c. Importance of Language for Law
d. Meaning of Legal language and its Scope and problems
e. Special Problem of Legal Language in India

Module 9 Hours
DRAFTING AND WRITING
III
Drafting
Constitution And Language
Paraphrasing
Importance Of Translation And Hints For Translation
Latin Words/Idioms
Legal Maxims
Abbreviations
General English-Grammar
General Principles/Rules Of Interpretation Of Statutes

21
 Letter Writing
Brief Writing And Drafting Of The Reports

References

1. M. Gandhi,L. Solomon Raja-Introduction to Legal Method and Legal Research.

2. Dr S.C.Tripathi –Legal Language, Legal writing, General English.
3. Srikanth Mishra – Legal Language, Legal Method and General English.
4. Herbert Broom’s- Legal Maxims

22
 Semester II
Teaching
Cre
Marks hours/wee Durat
dit
k ion of
Semester Catego Title of the
Subject code IA Sem Total L T P exam
No. ry Paper
. s
Exa (Hrs)
m
DSC6 24LLM2C6L Judicial 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Process
DSC7 24LLM2C7L Women and 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
the Child law
DSC8 24LLM2C8L Labour Laws 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
DSC9 24LLM2C9L Banking and 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Insurance
SECOND Law
DSC10 24LLM2C10L Intellectual 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Property
Rights Law
SEC2 Online Case 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 2
24LLM2S2LT
Referencing
DSCT 24LLM2C2T Labour Laws 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 2

Total Marks for II Semester 600 24

23
 Semester- II
Judicial Process
Sub Code : 24LLM2C6L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04
Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100

Objectives:
a. To make students understand the philosophy of nature of judiciary
b. To understand the role of constitution in fostering judicial processes in India
c. To learn about the existing structure of judicial system in India
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The students will be able to evaluate the nature of judicial proceedings
2. They will be to analyze the variables in judicial processes and contrast with each other
3. They will also be to demonstrate an ideal judicial system for developing country like India.

Content 56 Hrs

Module – 1 Nature of judicial process 12

Judicial process as an instrument of social ordering, Judicial process and creativity

in law – common law model – Legal Reasoning and growth of law – change and
stability. The tools and techniques of judicial creativity and precedent

Module - 2 Special Dimensions of Judicial Process in Constitutional Adjudications 11

Notions of judicial review, ‘Role’ in constitutional adjudication – various theories

of judicial role, Tools and techniques in policy-making and creativity in
constitutional adjudication. Varieties of judicial and juristic activism Problems of
accountability and judicial law making.

Module - 3 Judicial Process in India 11

Indian debate on the role of judges and on the notion of Judicial review, The
“Independence” of judiciary and the “Political” nature of judicial process, Judicial
activism and creativity of the Supreme Court – the tools and techniques of
creativity Judicial process in pursuit of constitutional goals and values – new
dimensions of judicial activism and structural challenges Institutional liability of
courts and judicial activism – scope and limits.

Module – 4 The Concepts of Justice 11

24
The concept of justice or Dharma in India thought, Dharma as the foundation of
legal ordering in Indian, Thought. The concept and various theories of justice in the
western thought, Various theoretical bases of justice : the liberal contractual
tradition, the liberal utilitarian tradition and the liberal moral tradition

Module – 5 Relation between Law and Justice 11

Equivalence Theories – Justice as nothing more than the positive law of the
stronger class. Dependency theories - For its realization justice depends on law,
justice is not he same as law. The independence of justice theories – means to end
relationship of law and justice - The relationship in the context of the Indian
Constitutional ordering. Analysis of selected cases of the Supreme Court where the
judicial process can be seen as influenced of justice. Access to Justice – Locus
standi : PIL, Legal Services authority.

References

1. Julius Store, The Province and Function of Law, Part II, Chs 1.8-16 (2000), Universal, New
Delhi
2. Cardozo, The Nature of Judicial Process (1995) Universal, New Delhi
3. Henry J. Abraham, The Judicial Process (1998), Oxford
4. J.Stone, Precedent and the Law : Dynamics of Common Law Growth (1985) Butterworths
5. W.Friedmann, Legal Theory (1960), Stevens, London
6. Bodenheimer, Jurisprudence – the Philosophy and Method of the Law (1997), Universal,
Delhi
7. U.Baxi, The Indian Supreme court and Politics (1980), Eastern, Lucknow
8. Rajeev Dhavan, The Supreme Court of India – A Socio-Legal Critique of its Juristic
Techniques (1977), Tripathi, Bombay
9. John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (2000), Universal, Delhi
10. Edward H.Levi, An Introduction to Legal Reasoning (1970), University of Chicago.

25
 Semester- II
Women and the Child law

Sub Code : 24LLM2C7L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100
Objectives:
1. To understand the role of law in protecting the rights of women and children
2. To learn the role of international agencies and conventions in growth of women rights
3. To know the role of various agencies protecting the rights of women and children in India
Course Outcomes (COs):
At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The students will be able to evaluate the discrimination, crimes and issues related to women
and children in the society
2. They will be to analyze the various laws protecting the rights of the women and children in
India
3. They will also be to demonstrate effective remedies available to victims of crime,
discrimination and other problems in the society against women and children.

Content 56 Hrs
Module – 1 Rights and Protection of Women and Children: International Perspective 12
Relevant provisions of: Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR), Convention
on Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), Convention Political
Rights of Women, Convention on Nationality of Married Women, Convention on
Elimination of Violence Against Women.

Module - 2 Rights and protection of women: National scenario Position: 11

Constitution of India, Criminal laws, Personal laws, Property laws. The National
Commission for Women Act, 1990. The Prevention of Sexual Harassment Act, 2013
The Report of Justice Verma Committee

Module - 3 Legislations on Crime against Women and Children 11

Dowry prohibition Act, Domestic violence act, Pre-conception and prenatal diagnostic
techniques law. Prevention of Immoral Trafficking Act, 1956. Medical Termination of
Pregnancy Act, 1971. Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012. Indian
Penal Code, 1860.
Module – 4 Labour Welfare Laws 11
Right to work- Bonded Labour, child labour —special provision for women and
children- Law relating to protection of Women in work place, International conventions.
The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976. Maternity Benefit Act.

Module – 5 Other laws 11

26
Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986
Domestic Workers Welfare and Social Security Act, 2010
National Commission for Women Act, 1990
Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005
Role of Supreme Court and Commissions in protection of women and children.
Impact of New Criminal Laws on women and child Rights in India

References

1. SC Tripathi and Vibha Arora, Law relating to Women and Children, Central Law Publication,
2006
2. Sunil Deshta and Kiran Deshta, Law and Menace of child Labour (2000) Armol Publications,
Delhi.
3. Savitri Gunasekhare, Children, Law and Justice (1997), Sage Asha Bajpai, Child Rights in
India, (2006) Oxford.
4. Mishra, Preeti; Domestic Violence Against Women: Legal Control and Judicial Response;
Deep and Deep Publications
5. Dewan V K, Law Relating to Offences against Women, 1 st Edition 1996, Oriental Law
House, New Delhi
6. Manjula Batra, Women and Law & Law Relating to Children in India, Allahabad Law Agency,
2001

27
 Semester- II
Labour Laws

Sub Code : 24LLM2C8L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100
Objectives:
1. To know the laws protecting the rights of labourers in India
2. To learn the growth of labour laws in India
3. To know about the role of judiciary in fostering rights of workmen in India

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The students will be able to evaluate the need for labour welfare legislations in India

2. They will be to analyze the various laws promoting labour welfare in India

3. They will also be to demonstrate adequate remedies in case of disputes including infringement of
labour laws in the country.

Content 56 Hrs
Module – 1 Growth of Labour Legislation In India 12
Government Schemes for welfare of Labour Classes. Role of Labour Law & ILO
in safeguarding of industrial workers. Role of Supreme Court of India in protection
of rights of labourers. Salient features of new Labour Code.

Module – 2 Laws regulating employee wages 11

1. Factories Act, 1948
2. Minimum Wages Act, 1948
3. Payment of Wages Act, 1936
4. Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
5. Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948

Module – 3 Benefits to employees 11

1. Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952
2. Payment of Bonus Act, 1965
3. Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
4. Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923
5. Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970

Module – 4 Industrial laws 11

28
 1. Maternity Benefit Act,1961
2. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986
3. Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946
4. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
5. Indian Trade Union Act, 1926
Module – 5 Other Laws 11
1. The Labour Laws (Exemption from Furnishing Returns and Maintaining
Register by Certain
2. Establishments) Act, 1988
3. Employment Exchanges (Compulsory Notification of Vacancies) Act, 1959
4. Apprentices Act, 1961

References

1. Mishra, S.N. (2018). Labour and Industrial Laws, Central Law Publications
2. Padhi, P.K. (2019). Labour and Industrial Laws, PHI Learning Private Limited
3. Srivastava, S C. (2020). Industrial Relations and Labour Laws, Vikas Publishing
4. Malik, P. L; Handbook of Industrial and Labour Law; Eastern Book Company
5. N.D. Kapoor : Handbook of Industrial Law; Sultan Chand & Sons, 23, Darya Ganj, New Delhi
– 110002.

29
 Semester- II
Banking and Insurance Law

Sub Code : 24LLM2C9L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100
Objectives:
1. To know the laws relating to banking and insurance in India
2. To understand the regulatory mechanism of banking and insurance in India
3. To learn the recent trends in Banking and insurance in India

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The students will be able to evaluate the need for regulating banking and insurance sector in
India
2. They will be to analyze the laws regulating banking and insurance sector in India
3. They will also be to demonstrate the remedies available to victims/consumers in case of
violation of laws.

Content 56 Hrs

Module – 1 The Evaluation of Banking Services and its History in India 12

History of Banking in India. Bank nationalization and social control over banking.
Various types of Banks and their functions. Contract between banker and customer:
their rights and duties. Role and functions of Banking Institutions

Module - 2 Evolution, Growth and Development 11

Banking: nature, development and evolution, Narsimhan Committee Report,

Banks: kinds, functions and legal provisions, Contract between banker and
customer: their rights and duties, Reserve Bank of India (RBI): organizational
structure and functions, Control of Reserve Bank of India over nonbanking
companies, financial companies, and non-financial companies, Private-public
partnership in banking sector.

Module – 3 Lending by Banks 11

30
Nature and type of accounts, Special classes of customers: lunatics, minors,
partnership, corporations, and local authorities, Duty of banks towards customers,
Lending by Banks:different kinds of lending, Securities for advances: kinds, and
their merits and demerits, Debt Recovery Tribunal, Recent trends of banking
system in India:e-banking, Fundamental issues in Banking Regulation Act, 1949,
Securitization Act, 2002, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.

Module – 4 General Principles of Law of Insurance 11

Definition, nature and history, Fundamentals of Insurance law, Risk Cover:

commencement, attachment, duration, assignment, and alteration, Settlement of
claims and subrogation, Relevant provisions of the Insurance Regulatory
Development Authority Act, 2000.

Module – 5 Recent Trends in Insurance 11

Nature and scope of various insurance policies, Public liability insurance,

Miscellaneous insurance

schemes: new dimensions, Group life insurance, Medi-claim, Sickness insurance,

Settlement of insurance claims and claim tribunal, Reinsurance, Emerging trends in
insurance sector.

References
1. Nainta, R.P., Baking System, Frauds and Legal Control, 2005, Deep and Deep Publications.
2. Murthy, K.S.N., and Sarma, K.V.S., Modern Law of Insurance in India, 2002, Lexis Nexis
Butterworth
3. Tannan, M.L., Tannan’s Banking Law and Practice in India, 2008, Wadhwa and Co.
4. Tannan, M.L., Tannan’s Banking Law and Practice in India, 2004, India Law House.
5. Tannan: Banking Law and Practice in India (in 3 vols.), 22nd Ed., R. Cambray & Co. Pvt. Ltd.
6. Gupta, S. N., The Banking Law in Theory and Practice (in three volumes), 2006,Universal Law
Publishing Co.
7. Sharma, B.R. and Nainta, R.P., Principles of Banking Law and Negotiable Instruments Act
2004, Allahabad Law Agency
8. Nainta, R.P., Baking System, Frauds and Legal Control, 2005, Deep and Deep Publications.
9. Murthy, K.S.N., and Sarma, K.V.S., Modern Law of Insurance in India, 2002, Lexis Nexis
Butterworth
10. Birds, John, Modern Insurance Law, 2003, Universal Publishing Co.
11. Shah, M. B., Landmark Judgments on Insurance, 2004, Universal Publishing Co.
12. Mishra, M.N., Law of Insurance Principles and Practice, 2008, Radhakrishan Prakashan

31
 Semester- II
Intellectual Property Rights Law

Sub Code : 24LLM2C10L No. of Lecturer Hours per week : 04

Total Credit = 04 Internal Assessment Marks : 30 & Exam Marks : 70 =100
Objectives:
1. The objective is to impart understanding of intellectual property Laws and enhance awareness of
general promotion.
2. To understand how Law interacts with intellectual property rights.
3. To learn the various rights and penalties pertaining to different IPRs in India

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. The students will be able to evaluate the need for protecting IPR and its justification
2. They will be to analyze the various laws protecting the IPRs in India
3. They will also be to demonstrate the manner of protection of different types of IPRs in India.

Content 56 Hrs
Module – 1 Introduction to IPR 12
Concept of Intellectual Property, Origins, Policies and Justifications; Intellectual
property and monopoly – Economic approaches; Constitutional and Human Rights
Dimensions of Intellectual Property – TRIPs and its impact on India – World
Intellectual Property Organization – Functions and Policies. Classification of
intellectual property – international instruments relating to intellectual property –
International trade agreements.

Module – 2 Patent 11
Patentable subject matter – Specification – Licenses of patents and
allied rights – infringement and remedies – Micro organisms and patentability –
Categories of inventors in biotechnology - patent in computer programmers.

Module – 3 Trade mark 11

Purpose of protecting trade mark – Registration – Assignment
and licensing of registered marks – Trade marks in international commerce –
Disincentiveness – Deceptive similarity – Infringement and remedies. Domain
name and trademark
Module – 4 Copyright 11

32
 Meaning and object – Works in which copyright subsists –
Economic perspective term of copyright – Fair dealing – Initial ownership –
Assignment and licensing – control of monopoly – Right in performances –
Infringement and remedies.
Module – 5 Industrial design 11
Essential characteristics - Designs Act– Registration – Subject matter Infringement
– Remedies against privacy & Confidential information – As property – Breach of
confidence and know – how – Industrial trade secrets – Remedies.
Geographical Indications of Goods Act 2002 – Object and scope, concept of
geographical indications, conditions for registration, procedure and duration of
registration, effect of registration. Trade Secrets, Plant breeder’s rights and
protection and other emerging IPRs in India.

References

1. Ahuja, V.K.; Law relating to Intellectual Property Rights; LexisNexis

2. Bhandari, M. K.; An Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights; Central Law Publication
3. P.Narayanan:Intellectual Property Law, --Ed, .Eastern Law House, Kolkata.
4. G.B.Reddy :Intellectual Property Rights and Law,Gogia LawAgency, (2006), Hyderabad.

33
 Semester- II
SEC2: ADR Skills

Course Title: ADR Skills Course code:24LLM2S2LT

Total Contact Hours:28 Course Credits:02
Formative Assessment Marks:20 Duration of ESA/Exam:1 hour
Summative Assessment Marks:30

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course:

1. The students will be able to effectively demonstrate ADR skills
2. They will be to develop ability to deploy and utilize strategize negotiation
techniques.
3. They will also be to demonstrate other ADR skills including mediation.

SEC2: ADR Skills

Module Description Hours

Understanding Conflict
Arbitration and conciliation
1 Concept of Mediation 10
Comparison Between Judicial Process and Various ADR
Processes
The Process of Mediation
Stages of Mediation
Role of Mediators
Mediation Skills
Training of Mediators
2 Communication in Mediation 09
Negotiation and Bargaining in Mediation
Impasse
Contents Mediation Training Manual of India
Role of Referral Judges
Role of Lawyers in Mediation
Role of Parties in Mediation
Mediation in various disputes
Other methods
ADR in a) Lok Adalats, b) Nyaya/Grama Panchayath, c) Legal Aid
The Mediation Act-2023
3 Negotiation- Negotiation styles and techniques 09
Mini-Trial, Med-Arb, Medola
References(indicative)
1. Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 by Dr. S.C. Tripathi
2. Law of Arbitration & Conciliation by Dr. Avatar Singh.
3. Mediation Training Manual of India by Supreme Court of India
4. Mediation- Practice and the Law by Sriram Panchu

34
 SEMESTER - III
Teaching
Marks hours/wee Credit Duratio
Semest Catego Subject code Title of the
k n of
er ry Paper
IA Sem. Tot L T P exams
No.
Exam al (Hrs)
DSC11 24LLM3C11L
Legal Services 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
and Legal Aid
DSC12 24LLM3C12L Private 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
International Law
DSC13 24LLM3C13L Science, 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Technology &
Law
DSE1 24LLM3E1L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Business Laws
Corporate,
Finance &
Investments Law
Group 2:
Criminal Laws
Treatment of
Offenders &
Victimology
Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Indian
Constitutional
Law
DSE2 24LLM3E2L Group 1: 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
Business Laws
THIR Law of
D Corporate
Management
andGovernance
Group 2:
Criminal Laws
Crime and
Administration
of Criminal
Justice
Group 3:
Constitutional
Law
Indian
Constitutional
Law (Writs and
Service
Matters)
GEC1 24LLM3G1L 1. Public Interest 20 30 50 2 - - 2 2
Litigation
2. Indian Legal
System
3. Cyber Laws

35
 (Within Faculty)
DSCT 24LLM3C3T Science, 20 30 50 - 2 - 2 2
Technology &
Law

Total Marks for III 600 24

Semester

36
 Semester-III

DSC11: Legal Services and Legal Aid

Course Title: Legal Services and Legal Aid Course code: 24LLM3C11L
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
1. Evaluate the need for legal aid in the society
2. Analyse the effectiveness of legal services authorities
3. Demonstrate the usefulness of ODR methods

DSC11: Legal Services and Legal Aid

Unit Description Hours

Legal Aid

Meaning, Nature, Scope, and Development Constitutional provisions;

1 12
Provision of civil procedure code and code of criminal procedure regarding
legal aid. Legal aid and Indian Constitution.

The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987

The national legal services authority- constitution and functions State legal
services authority- constitution and functions District legal services authority,
2 Taluk legal services committee- constitution and functions Lok Adalat- 11
organization, cognizances of cases, award and powers. Pre litigation,
conciliation and settlement Permanent lok adalat- establishment, cognizance
of cases, procedure and award

Public Interest Litigation

Meaning, nature, scope and object of Public Interest Litigation (PIL); PIL
against the State and other Public bodies; Difference between Public Interest
3 11
Litigation and Private Interest Litigation; Judicial Responses—Meaning of
Social Action Litigation, Concept of Locus Standi. Liberalisation of Locus
Standi, Suo Motu intervention by the court

Online Dispute resolution

Meaning, advantages and disadvantages, experience in USA and UK,
4 implementation challenges in India, role of Judiciary, Govt. run ODR 11
Platforms, court annexed ODR platforms, participants in ODR, kinds of
ODR, Adoption of UNCITRAL model law on ODR.
E-justice
5 11
eCourt Information Systems (eCourtIS)Project, E-Committee of Supreme

37
 Court of India, E-Filing Procedure For High Courts & District Courts In
India, Case Information System (CIS)

Reports- “Computerisation of Subordinate Courts” by Government of India,

Ministry of Law and Justice – 2002, 'Report On Strategic Plan for
Implementation of Information and Communication Technology in Indian
Judiciary'-2005, National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of
Information and Communication Technology in the India Judiciary-2005,
Mission Mode Project ‘E-court’ under the National eGovernance Plan-2010,
‘Digital India- Nation e-Governance Plan’-2014 and 'Policy And Action Plan
Document: Phase II Of The Ecourts Project' -2014

References:

1. Designing The Future Of Dispute Resolution – A report by Niti Ayog

2. Various reports of the Government of India
3. UNCITRAL model law on ODR.

38
 Semester-III

DSC12: PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW

Course Title: PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL Course code: 24LLM3C12L

LAW
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law effecting individuals at international level
2. Analyse the effectiveness of international law in regulating private matters of
individuals

DSC12: PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW

Unit Description Hours

Study of the Background

History – Definition – Need for application of the rules of private

1 international law- Foreign elements and Foreign law 12
Characterization – The incidental question and renvoi – Jurisdiction
– Staying of Actions; Forum non convenience, lis alibipendens and
jurisdiction clauses
Foreign Law

Exclusion of foreign law – Public policy, penal laws, revenue laws and other
public laws– Personal connecting factors – Residence – Ordinary residence
2 11
and habitual residence – Domicile, general principles – Acquisition of
domicile of choice – Domicile of origin and Domicile of dependence –
Domicile of Corporations – Domicile and nationality.

Family Law

Marriage, formalities, Capacity and Polygamous marriages –Internet

3 11
Marriages– Matrimonial Causes, Jurisdiction in respect of divorce and nullity
of marriage – Choice of law in cases of divorce and annulment – Legitimacy,
legitimation and inter- country adoption.
Law of obligations

Contracts – Common law approach, the Proper law o f Contract – The Rome
4 Convention – The Choice of the governing law and the Scope of the 11
applicable law – Special Contracts like Consumer contracts, individual
employment contracts, E – Commerce – Torts – Theories – the Common law
rule and the 1995 English Act.

39
 Property and Succession

Immovables – Jurisdiction and Choice of law – Movables – Choice of law,

5 Theories and the Modern law – Voluntary assignment of intangible movables 11
– Succession, Intestate succession, testamentary succession and exercise of
power by will- Foreign judgments recognition and enforcement of foreign
judgments- Substance and procedure.

References:

1. Cheshire and North – Private International Law

2. Dicey and Morris – Conflict of Laws
3. Morris- The Conflict of Laws
4. Graveson- Private International Law
5. Paras Diwan Indian and English Private International Law
6. Chavan – Indian Private International Law.

40
 Semester-III

DSC13: Science, Technology & Law

Course Title: Science, Technology & Law Course code: 24LLM3C13L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the relation between science, technology and law
2. Analyse the impact of law on new technologies

DSC13: Science, Technology & Law

Unit Description Hours

Evolution of the IT Act

Genesis and Necessity, Salient features of the IT Act, 2000 and 2008; various
1 authorities under IT Act and their powers. ; Penalties & Offences, 12
amendments, Impact on other related Acts (Amendments) Impact of New
Criminal Laws.

E-commerce and Laws in India

E-Commerce; Issues and provisions in Indian Law c. E-Governance; concept

and practicality in India e. E-Contracts and its validity in India

UNCITRAL Models: E-commerce, 1996, Electronic signatures, 2001,

Electronic Communications in International Contracts, 2005 ; Indian Position
2 - Legal issues in cyber contracts - Formation of cyber contract; Standard form 11
contracts -requirement of notice

Legal recognition of electronic record and electronic signatures; digital

signature -its functions, asymmetric cryptosystem, key pair, public key,
private key, Secure electronic record and secure electronic signature, Public
key Infrastructure

Intellectual Property Rights

Domain Names and Trademark Disputes a) Concept of Trademark/ in Internet

Era b) Cyber squatting c) Reverse Hijacking d) Jurisdiction in Trademark
3 11
Disputes e) Copyright in the Digital Medium f) Copyright in Computer
Programmes g) Copyright and WIPO Treaties h) Concept of Patent Right i)
Relevant Provisions of Patent Act 1970

41
 Sensitive Personal Data or Information (SPDI) in Cyber Law

a. SPDI Definition and Reasonable Security Practices in India, International

perspective- GDPR, Indian Data Protection Bill, Freedom of Expression in
4 Internet; Issues of Censorship -Blocking of content- hate speech, national 11
security; liability of intermediary; Privacy Issues – Information Privacy;
interception, monitoring

Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence Vs Consumer protection Legal trends in the AI industry

5 National Security and artificial intelligence Artificial Intelligence Law and its 11
development in India. Artificial Intelligence Law and its development in other
jurisdictions. Problems of AI and need for regulation in India.

References:

1. Kamath Nandan, Law Relating to Computers Internet & E-commerce - A Guide to

Cyberlaws & The Information Technology Act, Rules, Regulations and Notifications
along with Latest Case Laws 2016
2. Kamlesh K Bajaj, Debjani Nag, E-commerce: the cutting edge of business, 2nd Ed.
2017
3. Vakul Sharma, Information Technology Law & Practice, 6th ed. 2018
4. Karnika Seth, Computers Internet and New Technology Laws, 2nd ed. 2016
5. Apar Gupta Commentary on Information Technology Act, 3rd ed. 2015
6. Alwyn Didar Singh, E-Commerce In India: Assessments And Strategies For The
Developing World 2008
7. Chris Reed, Internet Law Text and Materials 2010
8. Aparna Viswanathan, Cyber Law (Indian& International Perspectives on key topics
including Data Security, E-commerce, Cloud Computing and Cyber Crimes) 2012
9. Ashwani K. Bansal, Law of Trade Marks in India 2014
10. Lawrence Lessig, Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace 1999, Code version 2.0, Basic
Books Publication (2006) Ferrera et al, Cyber Law Text and Cases 3rd Ed. (2012)
11. Prashant Mali, Cyber Law and Cyber Crimes, Snow white Publications 2nd Ed.(2015)
12. Debrati Halder& H Jaishanker, Cyber Crimes Against Women, Sage Publications 1st
Ed.(2017) Internet Law and Practice by International Contributors, West Thomson
Reuters, South AsianEdition (2013)
13. Derek S. Reverson (ed.), Cyberspace and National Security;Threats, Oppurtunities, and
Power in the Virtual World, Satyam Law International, First Indian Reprint (2013)

42
 Semester-III

DSE1: Corporate Finance & Investments Law

Course Title: Corporate Finance & Investments Course code: 24LLM3E1L

Law
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law related to corporate finance and investment
2. Analyse the effectiveness of law in tackling the challenges of financially
regulating the companies

DSE1: Corporate Finance & Investments Law

Unit Description Hours

Finance and capital law

Meaning, Importance and Scope of Corporation Finance Capital Needs -

Capitalization - Working Capital - Securities-Borrowings Deposits
Debentures

1 (1). Public Issue of Shares (i) Prospectus (ii) Remedies for misrepresentation 12
(iii) SEBI and Stock Exchange guidelines (2). Share Capital (i) Nature and
Kind of Shares (ii) Transfer, Transmission, Surrender and forfeiture of Shares
(iii) Purchase by Company of its own shares (iv) Issue of shares at premium
and discount (v) SEBI Guidelines

Securities Law

(1) Shareholders’ Rights (Various rights of shareholders and variation of

shareholders rights. (2). Debentures; Difference between Share and
Debentures; Kinds of Debenture; Remedies of Debenture Holder; Company
2 Charges. 11

Importance of legal regime governing finance and investments - Securities,

Regulation and Stock Market in India Protection of interests of investors in
securities - Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 - Securities
Contracts (Regulation) Act, and Rules 1956 -The Depositions Act

43
 1996.Insider Trading; SEBI’s Guidelines on Insider Trading

Reconstruction, Amalgamation and Take Over

Provisions in Company Law and SEBI Guidelines (2). Auditors: (i)

3 11
Appointment, powers, duties and removal of auditors (ii) Special
Audit (iii) Director Responsibility statement in Board Report (iv)
National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards
Investment law

Constitutional dimension of control over investments, incorporation,

registration of companies – companies registered outside Indian, Corporate
4 Ethics and code of conduct – mechanism to improve corporate image – 11
Corporate social responsibility– CCI and functions investment policy of
government of India, IDRA 1951. The Depositions Act 1996

Insolvency law
5 11
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016

References:

1. Rajiv Jain - Guide on Foreign Collaboration: Policies and Procedures (New Delhi. India
Investment Publishers).
1. Leo D'Arcy el.al - Schmitlhoffs Export Trade - The Law and Practice of International
Trade, X Edn. Sweet & Maxwell, London,
2. C. Singhania - Foreign Collaborations and Investments in India: Law and Procedures,
3. Universal Law Publishing Co.PVI.Lld., Delhi 1999.
4. Taxmann's - New SEBI (Disclosure & Investor Protection) Guidelines,1999
5. Jayant M. Thakur- Comparative Analysis of FEMA - The Foreign Exchange
Management
6. Act, 1999 with FERA.
7. Bharat - Bharat's Manual of SEBI, Bharat Law House Pvt. LId., New Delhi, 2000.
8. S.M. Dugar - Law of Monopolistic Restrictive & Unfair Trade Practices, III Edn.
Vadhwa and
9. Company. Nagpur, 1997.
10. 8. Sanjiv Agarwal - Bharat's Guide to Indian Capital Market, Bharat Law House. New
Delhi. 2000.

44
 Semester-III
DSE1: Treatment of Offenders & Victimology

Course Title: Treatment of Offenders & Course code:

Victimology
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law on treatment of offenders
2. Analyse the effectiveness of schemes and policies for the victims of crimes

DSE1: Treatment of Offenders & Victimology

Module Description Hours

Penology

Theories of Punishment : Retribution, Utilitarian Prevention Deference,

1 Utilitarian: Intimidation, Behavioural Prevention :Incapacitation, 12
Rehabilitation, Expiation

Classical Hindu and Islamic approaches to Punishment

Approaches to Sentencing

Alternatives to Imprisonment,

2 Probation, Corrective labour, Fines, Collective Fines, Capital Punishment – 11

Its Constitutionality, Problems related to capital punishment, Judicial attitude
in India towards Capital punishment An inqurity through the statute Law and
case law. e. Law Reforms Proposals. Impact of New Criminal Laws.

Imprisonment

The State of India's jails today. The disciplinary regime of Indian prisons,
3 Classification of prisoners, Right of prisoner and duties of custodial staff, 11
Deviance by custodial staff, Open prisons, Judicial Surveillance-basis-
development reforms.

Sentencing

a. Types of sentences –Special Laws b. Sentencing in white collar crimes c.

4 11
Pre-sentence hearing ; Summary punishment d. Sentencing for habitual
offender e. Plea Bargaining

Victimology
5 11
Status of victim in Criminal Justice System, Rights of Victim, Compensation
45
 to victims of crime, UN Declaration on Rights of victim of crime and abuse of
power, recommendations of Mali math Committee and Law Commission of
India.

References:

1. S. Chhabbra, The Quantum of Punishment in Criminal Law (1970),

2. H.L.A. Hart, Punishment and Responsibility (1968)
3. Herbert L. Packer, The Limits of Criminal Sanction (1968)
4. Alf Ross, On Guilt, Responsibility and Punishment (1975)
5. A. Siddique, Criminology (1984) Eastern, Lucknow.
6. Law Commission of India, Forty-Second Report Ch. 3 (1971)
7. K.S. Shukla, "Sociology of Deviant Behaviour" in 3 ICSSR Survey of Sociology and
Social Anthropology 1969-179 (1986)
8. Tapas Kumar Banerjee, Background to Indian Criminal Law (1990), R. Company
&Co., Calcutta

46
 Semester-III

DSE1: Indian Constitutional Law

Course Title: Indian Constitutional Law Course code:

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the role of Constitution of India in the Indian society
2. Analyse the methods of interpretation of Indian Constitution

DSE1: Indian Constitutional Law

Unit Description Hours

Nature and Importance of Constitution

Evolution of Constitutional values, Requisites of ideal Constitution; concept

1 of Constitutionalism – its development and role in the legal system; Nature 12
and limitations of constituent and amending power; Basic structure theory.
State – Concept; Social contract theories; theories of Karl Marx, Bosanquet
and T.H.Green;
Theories of Law

Saptanga Theory of State in ancient India; Obligation of ruler; Modern Indian

Political thoughts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Gandhiji, Nehru and Ambedkar
about functions of the state, Model of Indian Constitution, Separation and
2 Division of powers. Constitutional policies and practices relating to 11
Pluralism; Concept of multiculturalism, Religious, Linguistic and ethnic
challenges and Constitutional responses; Secularism, language rights, and
protection of ethnic minorities (V and VI schedules under the Indian
Constitution), Relation between society, state and individual.

Role of Internal and External Aids in the Interpretation of Constitution.

Preamble; Headings, Marginal Notes. Non Abrogation and Non Derogation

3 provisions, Inclusive and exclusive definitions use of Drafts, Constituent 11
Assembly Debates, Legislative History, International Law Text Books,
commentaries and dictionaries, Original Intention Theory. Values and
approaches that influence constitutional interpretation
Interpreting the Constitution
4 11
Interpreting the Constitution as a value document; Purposive interpretation,
47
 Living Organism Approach, Reading Down and Reading up and Reading in,
Inter-relationship of Fundamental Rights. Interpreting the Constitution as
legal document Presumption of constitutionality, Literal Interpretation and its
limitations.
Interpretation of federal scheme

Doctrine of inconsistency, Doctrine of Pith and substance and colourable

5 legislation, Doctrine of occupied field: Doctrine of Eclipse and severability, 11
Harmonious construction-Avoiding the fallacies of Hyper- Integration and
Disintegration, Ejus Dem Generis.

References:

1. Karl Lowenstein. Political Power and Governmental Process.

2. Gettel, Readings in Political Science
3. K.C.Wheare, Modern Constituions
4. H.J. Laski, The State in Theory and Practice (Chapter-I)
5. B.A Masodkar, Society State and the Law.
6. R.M Mc Ivan, The Modern State
7. Nomos, Constitutionalism
8. P.V Kane, History of Dhamashastra Vol.III
9. M.Rama Jois, Constitutional and legal History,Vol. I & II
10. Carl J.Friedrich, Constituional Government and Politics
11. Appadorai, Modern Indian Political Thought
12. M.Hidayatullah- Fifth and sixth Schedule to the Constitution
13. H.M.Seervai- Constitutional Law of Indian Vol. I
14. Lawrence Tribe & Michael Douf- On Reading the Constitution
15. Ely.J.H.- Democracy and Distrust
16. Rotunda and Nowak- Treatise on American Constitution Vol. IV.
17. P.K.Tripathi- Spotlights on Constitutional Interpretation.
18. Peter W.Hogg- Constitutional Law of India.
19. Joseph E.Magnet- Constittional Law of Canada; Cases and Materials, Vol. II
M.P.Jain,- Constitutional Law of Canada
20. Hidayatullah (ed.) – Constitutional Law of India Vol. I (relevant chapters) G.P.Singh-
Interpretation of Statutes.
21. Vepa P. Sarathi, Interpretation of Statutes
22. Laurence H. Tribe, American Constitutional Law

48
 Semester-III
DSE2: Law of Corporate Management and Governance

Course Title: Law of Corporate Management and Course code: 24LLM3E2L

Governance
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law related to corporate management and governance
2. Analyse the effectiveness of law in regulating companies’ management and its
social responsibilities

DSE2: Law of Corporate Management and Governance

Unit Description Hours

Corporate Incorporation and Management

1 (i) Certificate of Incorporation (ii) Memorandum and Articles of Association 12

(iii) Doctrine of Ultra Vires (iv) Doctrine of Indoor Management

Directors and meetings

(i) Directors: Appointment, Removal, Position, Powers and Duties of

Directors. (ii) Audit Committee: Its Role. (iii) Company Secretary:
2 Qualification, Appointment and Duties (iv) Officer who is in default: 11
Definition of Officer who is in default (v) Liability of independent directors.
(i) Types of Meetings (ii) Procedure of calling meeting (iii) Company’s
resolutions and its kinds

Oppression & Mismanagement and Investigation

Sections 397 to 408; Sections 235 to 251, (i) Rule in Foss v. Harbottle
3 11
(ii) Prevention of Oppression (iii) Prevention of Mismanagement (iv)
Role & Powers of the Company Law Board (v) Role & Powers of
Central Government 2. (i) Company Investigation
Corporate Liquidation

4 1. (i). Winding up of Companies (ii). Mode of winding up of the companies 11

(iii). Compulsory Winding up under the Order of the Tribunal (iv). Voluntary
winding up (v). Contributories (vi). Payment of liabilities
Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility
1. (i) Importance of Corporate Governance (ii) Different system of Corporate
5 11
Governance (iii) Impact of Legal Traditions and the Rule of Law on
Corporate Governance (iv) Legal Reforms of Corporate Governance in India

49
 (v) Reports of the various Committees on Corporate Governance (vi)
Emerging Trend based on the recommendation of the Committees in the
Companies Act 1956 and the Listing Agreement with Special reference to
Clause 49. 2. , Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility

References:

1. Saleem Sheikh & William Rees, Corporate Governance & Corporate Control,
Cavendish Publishing Ltd., 1995
2. Taxmann, Companies Act 2013
3. Taxmann, A Comparative Study of Companies Act 2013 and Companies Act 1956

50
 Semester-III

DSE2: Crime and Administration of Criminal Justice

Course Title: Crime and Administration of Course code: 24LLM3E2L

Criminal Justice
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the administration of criminal justice and the system prevailing in India
2. Analyse the effectiveness of procedure involved in criminal cases in India

DSE2: Crime and Administration of Criminal Justice

Unit Description Hours

Background

1. Crime, causes of crime, concept of criminal jurisprudence. 2.

Administration of criminal justice. 3. Organisational hierarchy of criminal
1 12
court and their jurisdiction. 4. Organisation of prosecuting agencies for
prosecuting criminals; prosecution, police and withdrawal of prosecution.
Impact of New Criminal Laws.

Arrest and rights of accused

1. Arrest and questioning of accused 2. The rights of the accused: right to

2 counsel, right to bail, constitutional rights. 3. Roles of the prosecutor and 11
judicial officer in investigation. 4. The Evidentiary value of the Statement/ the
articles seized/ collected by the police.

Trial

1. The accusatory and the inquisitorial system of trial. 2. Role of the judges. 3.
3 11
Plea bargaining. 4. Preventive detention laws. 5. Protection of public peace
and order.

Correction and after care services

1. Correctional institutions, correctional programmes. 2. Role of the court in

4 11
Correctional Programmes in India. 3. Public interest litigation, 4. Preventive
and reformative measures in India: provisions under different legislations.

5 Preventive detention law 11

51
 protection of public peace/order - special enactment -TADA/POTA -Essential
Services Act. Procedure under POCSO Act, Dowry Prohibition Act

References:

1. Celia Hamptom, Criminal Procedure

2. Wilkins and Cross, Outline of the Law of Evidence
3. Archbold, Pleading, Evidence and Practice in Criminal Cases
4. Sarkar, Law of Evidence
5. K.N.Chandrasekharan Pillai(ed.), R.V. Kelkar's Outlines of Criminal Procedure (2000)
6. Patric Devlin, The Criminal Prosecution in England 14
7. American Series of Foreign Penal Codes Criminal Procedure Code of People's Republic
of China.
8. John N. Ferdico, Criminal Procedure (1996), West
9. Sanders & Young, Criminal Justice (1994)
10. Christina Van Den Wyngart, Criminal Procedure Systems in European Community
11. Criminal Procedure Code,1973
12. The French Code of Criminal Procedure,
1. 13. 14th and 41st Reports of Indian Law Commission

52
 Semester-III

DSE2: Indian Constitutional Law (Writs and Service Matters)

Course Title: Indian Constitutional Law (Writs Course code:

and Service Matters)
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the need and scope of protection of civil servants in India
2. Analyse the procedure and powers of various authorities while understanding the
rights and liberties of civil servants

DSE2: Indian Constitutional Law (Writs and Service Matters)

Module Description Hours

Constitutional Remedies Importance of Constitutional remedies

Art.32 and 226; Nature and Scope of Writs in UK and India ; Habeas Corpus,
1 Mandamus, Certiorari, Prohibition and Quo-warranto; Directions and 12
Monetary Compensation. Law relating to Exhaustion of Alternative
Remedies; Delay and Laches. Locus Standi; Public Interest Litigation, Res
Judicata Interim Relief and injunctions with reference to India and UK.
Human Rights Commission

Human Rights Commission; Its powers and functions in the Protection of

2 Human Rights – Scope of Article 32 and 226 of the Constitution of India as 11
Constitutional Remedies – Provisions relating to Writ Procedure in order
XXXV of Supreme Court Rules; Provisions relating to Writ Procedure in
Karnataka; High Court Rules; Drafting of Writ Pleadings; Evidentiary
Matters;

Service Regulation under the Constitution

Service Regulation under the Constitution; Constitutional Safeguards – The

3 11
Rights of Civil Servants – Doctrine of Pleasure and its limitations – Domestic
Inquiry – Compassionate Appointments – Voluntary Retirement –
Compulsory Retirement.
Departmental Remedies

4 Departmental remedies; Representation, Review, Revision and Appeal under 11

CCA Rules – Procedure for imposing penalties – Remedy before the
Administrative Tribunals ; Its jurisdiction, Scope and procedure –
53
 Administrative Tribunals Act. 1985

Articles 323 A and 323B

5 Articles 323 A and 323B – Exclusion of Judicial Review – Judicial Review of 11

Service Matters – Limited Jurisdiction of Judicial Review against
Disciplinary Proceedings

References:

1. ILI – Judicial review through writ petitions.

2. S.A.De Smith – Judicial Review of Administrative Action (CHS, 1,3,8,11, appendix I
& 2)
3. H.M. Seervai – Constitutional Law of India – Vol. II
4. Halsbury’s Laws of England Vol. II.
5. Neville Brown. J.F Garner – French Administrative Law (Chs.3,4,5).
6. D.D.Basu - Commentaries on Constitutional Law of India. Vols. E & K
7. V.G. Ramachandran – Law of Writs
8. Sharpe – Law of Habeas Corpus
9. Rama Jois – Services under the State.
10. Hansaria – Law of Writs.
11. D.D. Basu – Human Rights and Fundamental Rights.
12. Chaudhury and Chaturvedi – Law of Writs.
13. Mallick – Service Law
14. G.B.Singh – Commentary on the CCS, CCA Rules.
15. M.R. Mallick, Writs; Law and Practice
16. Durga Das Basu, Constitutional Remedies and Writs
17. P.M.Baxi, Public Interest Litigations

54
 Semester-III

GEC1: Public Interest Litigation

Course Title: Public Interest Litigation Course code: 24LLM3G1L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the importance of PILs in India
2. Analyse the negatives and misuse of PIL in India

GEC1: Public Interest Litigation

Unit Description Hours

PIL in India

PIL- its origin and meaning Scope and nature of PIL Object of PIL PIL and
Private Interest Litigation Locus Standi Principle of locus standi- traditional
approach Liberal approach Guidelines for entertaining a PIL Petition by
1 public spirited person or association Misuse of PIL, PIL and enforcement of 10
Fundamental Rights General Compensation for breach of fundamental rights
Compensation for illegal detention Compensation to victim of police
atrocities. PIL as a redress to custodial violence cases. PIL and Environmental
Law

Overview of the Law

Historical examples of effective public interest advocacy; Goals of public

interest litigation: Identifying injustices and defining success; Varying
2 approaches: impact litigation, client-centered lawyering, movement lawyers, 9
and others; The role of judges in public interest litigation: Judicial activism
versus judicial engagement; Designing a public-interest lawsuit: Claims,
clients, and remedies

Right to Constitutional Remedies

Features of Writ Jurisdiction under Art. 32 Concept of locus standi– Judicial

Activism - Comparison between Art. 32 and 226. Limits of judicial creativity
and PIL
3 Pollution free environment as a fundamental right. Enforcement of 9
environmental laws through filing PIL. PIL for the enforcement of the rights
of weaker sections of the society For the enforcement of the rights of women.
For the enforcement of the rights of children. For the enforcement of the
rights of bonded labour.

55
References:

1. 1 Dr. S.R. Myneni- Public Interest lawyering legal aid and para legal services
2. 2 Sujan Singh- Legal aid-human right to equality
3. 3 S.S. Sharma- legal assistance to Poor
4. 4 P.N. Bhagwati- legal aid as human right
5. 5 P.N. Bajpayee- Legal aid and the Bar council
6. 6 Sunil Deshtra- lok adalats in India- genesis and functioning
7. 7 Sampat Jain- Public Interst Litigation
8. 8 Dr. Kailash Rai- Janhit Vakalat, vidhik sahyog evam ardh vidhik sevayen.
9. 9 Suresh Bhatia- Nirdhan Vidhik Shayta, Rajasthan Hindi Granth Academy
10. 10 P.M. Bakshi- Public Interest Litigation

56
 Semester-III

GEC1: Indian Legal System

Course Title: Indian Legal System Course code: 24LLM3G1L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the legal system of India and its challenges
2. Analyse the effectiveness of law and judiciary in tackling social issues.

GEC1: Indian Legal System

Module Description Hours

Basic principles of Law

Meaning and Definition of Law, Justice, Rights and Duties, Distinction

between Law and Morality, Law and Ethics, Source of Law, Importance of
Law. The concept of Justice: Corrective and Distributive Justice. History of
1 10
Courts The Early Stages: The Court System and its functions: Administration
of Criminal and civil justice. Courts in Ancient India, British period and Post
Independence. Appointment and functions of Commissions – Human Rights
Commission, Women Commission, SCs and STs Commission and Other
commissions.
Indian Judicial System

Administration of Justice: Civil Justice and Criminal Justice, Primary and

Secondary functions of Courts. Need for Judicial System, Kinds of Judicial
System- Judicial and Quasi judicial system (Tribunals). Judicial System-
2 9
Hierarchy of Civil and Criminal Courts, High courts and Supreme Court,
Jurisdiction, powers and functions of Courts. Quasi Judicial System- Need for
Quasi Judicial System, Powers Functions of Quasi Judicial System, Kinds of
Quasi Judicial System - Consumer Court, Labour Court, Industrial Tribunal,
Tax Tribunals, Administrative Tribunals and Other Tribunals.
Alternative Disputes Redressal (ADR) Mechanisms

Importance of The different methods of ADR, Importance of ADR, Salient

features of The Arbitration & Conciliation Act 1996. Mediation: Stages in
3 9
Mediation, The role of the Mediators, The role of the Advocate, Code of
conduct for Mediators, Qualities of a Good Mediator, Techniques of
Negotiation, alternative measures for judicial reforms. Tribunals in India.
Conciliation and Lok Adalath.
References:

57
1. Shukla, V.N. (2013). VN Shukla's Constitution of India (12th ed.). Lucknow:
Eastern Book Company. ISBN 978-93-5028-982-
2. Basu, Durga Das (2007). Commentary on the Constitution of India (8th ed.).
Nagpur: Wadhwa & Co. ISBN 978-81-8038-479-0.
3. Fyzee, Asaf A.A. (2008). Outlines of Muhammadan Law (5th ed.). Delhi: Oxford
University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-569169-6.
4. Glenn, H. Patrick (2000). Legal Traditions of the World. Oxford University Press.
ISBN 0-19-876575-4.
5. Herbert Cowelle - The History and Constitution of the Courts and Legislative
Authorities in India.
6. Kulsreshta .V. L - Indian Legal and Constitutional History.
7. N. R. Madhava Menon - History of Courts.
8. Rama Jois – Indian Legal and Constitutional History.
9. Sridhar Madabhushi - Alternative Dispute Resolution
10. P.C. Rao - The Aribitration & Conciliation Act 1996
11. Mamta Rao, Public Interest Litigation, Legal Aid and Lok Adalats (2004), Eastern
Book Company, Lucknow.
12. Massey I.P. – Administrative Law

58
 Semester-III

GEC1: Cyber Laws

Course Title: Cyber Laws Course code: 24LLM3G1L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the need for cyber space in the society
2. Analyse the effectiveness of legal measures in preventing the misuse and abuse of
internet in India

GEC1: Cyber Laws

Unit Description Hours

Conceptual and theoretical perspective of Cyber Law

Computer and Web Technology - Development of Cyber Law – National and

1 10
International Perspective Cyber Law - Legal Issues and Challenges in India,
USA and EU Data Protection - Cyber Security. Impact of New Criminal
Laws.
Information Technology Act, 2000

Information Technology Act, 2000 - Aims and Objects - Overview of the Act
– Jurisdiction -Electronic Governance – Electronic Evidence - Digital
2 9
Signature Certificates - Digital signatures - Duties of Subscribers - Role of
Certifying Authorities - The Cyber Regulations Appellate Tribunal - Internet
Service Providers and their Liability – Powers of Police - Impact of the Act
on other Laws - Social Networking Sites Vis-àvis Human Rights.
Cyber Law and IPR

Cyber Law and IPRs - Understanding Copy Right in Information Technology

- Software - Copyrights Vs Patents debate- Authorship and Assignment Issues
- Copyright in Internet - Multimedia and Copyright issues - Software Piracy –
3 Patents - Understanding Patents - European Position on Computer related 9
Patents - Legal position of U.S. on Computer related Patents - Indian Position
on Computer related Patents –Trademarks - Trademarks in Internet - Domain
name registration - Domain Name Disputes & WIPO - Databases in
Information Technology - Protection of databases - Position in USA, EU and
India.
References:

1. Justice Yatindra Singh, Cyber Laws, Universal Law Publishing, UP, 2016.
2. Farouq Ahmed, Cyber Law in India, Allahabad Law Agency, 2015
59
3. Karnika Seth, Computers, Internet and New Technology Laws-A Comprehensive
Reference Work With Special Focus On Developments In India, LexisNexis, Nagpur,
2016.
4. Kamath Nandan: Law relating to Computer, Internet and E-Commerce, Universal Law
Publishing, UP, 2007.

60
 Semester-III

DSCT: Science, Technology & Law

Course Title: Science, Technology & Law Course code: 24LLM3C3T

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the scope of legal and judicial intervention in cyberspace
2. Analyse the impact of judicial pronouncements related to technology on general
public
DSCT: Science, Technology & Law

Unit Description Hours

Interface of information technology and law

current challenges – mobiles, cyber security, cloud computing and data

privacy, misuse of social media, cyber crimes
1 10
Purpose and Object of Information – Technology Act, 2000, certifying
authorities and digital and electronic signature certificates, civil and criminal
liabilities for contravention of provisions, applicability(s.1(4); overriding
effect (s.81); Definitions
Cyber Torts
Dispute Resolution under IT Act – Adjudicating officer and cyber appellate
tribunal under the Information Technology Act, 2000 (s.46 and s.57)
Damage to computer and computer system – (s.43 read with s.66) –
access/facilitates access, data theft, virus attacks, email bombings, denial of
2 9
Data Protection (ss.43A r/w sensitive personal information rules, 45, 72, 72A)
– Privacy issues-use of personal information- supplied to commercial sites,
cookies, cloud computing; S,67C (preservation of information by
intermediaries)
Online defamation. Impact of New Criminal Laws.
CRIMINAL LIABILITIES
Cyber Crimes – financial frauds (money laundering, credit card frauds,
social crimes -cyber stalking, pornography, identity theft, ipr related crimes,
cyber terrorism, defamation
Tampering with computer source code (s.65)
Hacking (s,43(a) read with s.66)
3 Identity Theft and cheating by Personation (ss.66C and 66D) (phishing, email 9
spoofing, password theft etc.)
Obscenity and Pornography (ss.66E, 67, 67A, 67B, s.292 IPC)
Cyber Stalking (ss.354D, 509 IPC)
Cyber Terrorism (s.66F)
Admissibility of Electronic Evidence – ss. 65A and 65B, The Evidence Act,
1872
References:

1. Justice Yatindra Singh, Cyber Laws, Universal Law Publishing, UP, 2016.
61
2. Farouq Ahmed, Cyber Law in India, Allahabad Law Agency, 2015
3. Karnika Seth, Computers, Internet and New Technology Laws-A Comprehensive
Reference Work With Special Focus On Developments In India, LexisNexis, Nagpur,
2016.
4. Kamath Nandan: Law relating to Computer, Internet and E-Commerce, Universal Law
Publishing, UP, 2007.

62
 Semester-IV

SEMESTER - IV
Teaching
Marks Durati
Semeste hours/wee
Category Subject Title of the Paper Cred on of
r No. k
code it exams
IA Se Tot L T P
al (Hrs)
m.
Ex
am
DSC14 24LLM3C Environmental Law 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
14L
DSC15 24LLM3C Socio-Economic 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
15L
Offences
DSE3 24LLM4E Group 1: Business 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
3L Laws
Customs and
Foreign Exchange
Laws
Group 2: Criminal
Laws
Privileged Class
Deviance &
Criminology
Group 3:
Constitutional Law
Centre-State
Relations
DSE4 24LLM4E Group 1: Business 30 70 100 4 - - 4 3
4L Laws
World Trade Law
FOURT
H Group 2: Criminal
Laws
Comparative
Criminal Law
Group 3:
Constitutional Law
Comparative
Constitutional Law
GEC2 24LLM4G 1. Right to 20 30 50 2 - - 2 2
2L Information
2. Consumer Laws
3. Intellectual
Property Rights
(Outside Faculty)
SEC3 Research 20 30 50 1 1 - 2 2
24LLM4 Methodology
S3LT
Project 24LLM4C Research Project 30 70 100 - 8 4 4
1R
Total Marks for IV 600 2
Semester 4

63
 DSC14: Environmental Law

Course Title: Environmental Law Course code: 24LLM3C14L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the environmental law regime in India from local to global level
2. Analyse the effectiveness of law and authorities in protecting the environment in
India

DSC14: Environmental Law

Unit Description Hours

Constitution and Environment

Constitution, Acts, Rules, Regulations; Indian Judiciary, Doctrine of

precedents, judicial review, Writ petitions, PIL–liberalization of the rule of
locus standi, Judicial activism. Introduction to environmental laws in India;
1 Constitutional provisions, Stockholm conference; Bhopal gas tragedy; Rio 12
conference. General principles in Environmental law: Precautionary principle;
Polluter pays principle; Sustainable development; Public trust doctrine.
Overview of legislations and basic concepts.

Forest, Wildlife and Biodiversity related laws

Evolution and Jurisprudence of Forest and Wildlife laws; Colonial forest

policies; Forest policies after independence 2 Statutory framework on Forests,
2 11
Wildlife and Biodiversity: Indian Forests Act, 1927; WLPA, 1972; FCA,
1980; Biological Diversity Act, 2002; Forest Rights Act, 2006. Strategies for
conservation–Project Tiger, Elephant, Rhino, Modulew leopard.

Air, Water and Marine Laws

National Water Policy and Laws relating to prevention of pollution, access

and management of water and institutional mechanism: Water Act, 1974;
3 Water Cess Act, 1977, EPA, 1986. Pollution Control Boards Ground water 11
and law Judicial remedies and procedures Marine laws of India; Coastal zone
regulations. Legal framework on Air pollution: Air Act,1981; EPA, 1986

Environment protection laws and Projects

4 Legal framework on environment protection-Environment Protection Act as 11

the framework legislation–strength and weaknesses; EIA; National Green
tribunal, land acquisition, Environmental Public Hearing (EPH) & Processes,
64
 Tenure & Property Rights and Community Rights. Displacement and
rehabilitation

International Environmental law

An introduction to International law; sources of international law; law of

5 treaties; signature, ratification Evolution of international environmental law: 11
Customary principles; Common but differentiated responsibility, Polluter
pays. Various conventions on environment protection

References:

1. Divan S. and Rosencranz A. (2005) Environmental Law and Policy in India, 2 nd

ed., Oxford, New Delhi
2. Leelakrishnan P. (2008) Environmental Law in India, 3rd ed., Lexis Nexis, India.
3. Birnie P. (2009) et al., International Law and the Environment, 3rd ed., Oxford.
4. Desai A. (2002) Environmental Jurisprudence, 2nd ed., Modern Law House,
Allahabad.
5. Gadgil M. and Guha R. (1995) Ecology and Equity, Oxford, New Delhi.
6. Gadgil M. and Guha R. (1997) This Fissured Land, Oxford, New Delhi.
7. Guha R. (2000) Environmentalism: A Global History, Oxford, New Delhi.
8. Kamala S. and Singh U.K. (eds.) (2008) Towards Legal Literacy: An Introduction
to Law in India, Oxford, New Delhi.
9. Leelakrishnan P. (2006) Environmental Law Case Book, 2nd ed, Lexis Nexis, India.
10. Sands P. (2002) Principles of International Environmental Law, 2nd ed, Cambridge.
11. Singh C. (1986) Common Property and Common Poverty, Oxford, New Delhi.
12. Upadhyay S. and Upadhyay V. (2002) Hand Book on Environmental Law- Forest
Laws, Wildlife Laws and the Environment; Vols. I, II and III, Lexis Nexis-
Butterworths-India, New Delhi.

65
 Semester-IV

DSC15: Socio-Economic Offences

Course Title: Socio-Economic Offences Course code: 24LLM3C15L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law related to white collar crimes in India
2. Analyse the effectiveness of various authorities in tackling corporate and white
collar crimes in India

DSC15: Socio-Economic Offences

Unit Description Hours

Socio economic offences

1. Concept and Evolution of Socio-Economic Offences in India 2. Nature,

Scope and Extent of Socio-Economic Offences in India 3. Difference between
1 Socio-Economic Offences and Traditional Crimes 4. Important Committee 12
Reports on Socio-Economic Offences in India. 5. Impact of New Criminal
Laws.

Study of selected legislations in India

(a) Provisions in the Companies Act 2013 to prevent corporate frauds. (b) The
2 Prevention of Corruption Act,1988 (c) The Prevention of Money Laundering 11
(Amendment)Act 2012 (d) Food Safety and Standards Act,2006 and Food
Safety and Standard Rules,2011

Laws preventing social economic offences

1. The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 195666

3 2. The Scheduled Castes and The Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of 11
Atrocities), Act, 1989
3. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
4. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005

Special Enforcement Procedure

(a) Issues in detection, investigation, prosecution and trial (b) Sentencing

4 policy and practices with respect to economic offences. (c) Difficulty in the 11
enforcement of laws, relevant provisions of CPC, CrPC and Evidence law

66
 Other laws

1. The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999

5 2. The Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling 11
Activities Act, 1974
3. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985

References:

1. Mahesh Chandra, Socio- Economic Offences (1979)

2. J.S.P. Singh, Socio- Economic Offences (1st Ed., 2005, Reprint 2015)
3. Ahmed Siddiqui, Criminology: Problems and Perspectives (4th Ed., 1997) B.R. Boetra,
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act 1956 (with state rules) (4th Ed., 1988)
4. P.S. Narayan, Commentary on Immoral Traffic Prevention Act, 1956 (2nd Ed., 2013)
5. T.V. Nawal, Legally Combating Atrocities against SC and ST, (2004)
6. Lawyers Collective (Ed. by Indira Jaising), Handbook on Law of Domestic Violence,
(1st Ed., 2009)
7. Kumar (Revised by Justice A.B. Srivastava and C.S. Lal), Commentaries on Prevention
of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 with Central and States Rules alongwith Food Safety
and Standards Act, 2006 (3rd Ed., 2009)
8. Seth and Capoor, Prevention of Corruption Act with a treatise on Anti- Corruption
Laws (3rd Ed., 2000)
9. M. C. Mehanathan, Law on Prevention of Money Laundering in India (2014)

67
 Semester-IV

DSE3: Customs and Foreign Exchange Laws

Course Title: Customs and Foreign Exchange Course code: 24LLM4E3L

Laws
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law related to customs and foreign exchange
2. Analyse the effectiveness of law relating to customs and foreign exchange

DSE3: Customs and Foreign Exchange Laws

Unit Description Hours

Law and Policy of Export

Import Trade in India -Indian Trade Policy. State control over international
1 trade. Export-Import Act,1947. Various types of import licences. WTO 12
Agreement on Import Licensing. Liberalization. Liberalization of trade
policy in the nineties.

Special Economic Zones.

2 The legal framework. The practice. Law relating to Customs. The Customs 11
Act. The Customs Tariff Act. The Export-Import Policy.

The GATT and Trade in Goods

Most favoured nation treatment and the principle of national treatment.

Quantitative Restrictions. State trading Enterprises, General and Security
3 11
Exceptions. Trade Remedies-Anti-dumping duties. Countervailing duties.
Safeguard Measures. Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas. GATT and
Regional Trade Agreements India and Preferential trade Agreements.

Law Relating to Foreign Exchange.

Historical background to Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) and

4 Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA). Foreign exchange and currency 11
– role of RBI, Foreign exchange management and noteworthy features of
Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).

Foreign trade law

5 Foreign Trade, Development & Regulation Act, 1992. The Conservation of 11
Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974

68
 (COFEPOSA)

References:

1. Government of India, Handbook of Import Export Procedures,(Refer to the latest

edition).
2. Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act 1992 and Rules.
3. Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999.

69
 Semester-IV

DSE3: Privileged Class Deviance & Criminology

Course Title: Privileged Class Deviance & Course code: 24LLM4E3L

Criminology
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the laws on crimes by privileged class and punishments in India
2. Analyse the role of various authorities in preventing white collar crimes in India

DSE3: Privileged Class Deviance & Criminology

Unit Description Hours

Conceptions of white-collar crimes

Indian approaches to socio-economic offences Notions of privileged class

1 deviance as providing a wider categorization of understanding Indian 12
development Typical forms of such deviance Official deviance (deviance by
legislators, judges, bureaucrats)

Professional deviance

journalists, teachers, doctors, lawyers, engineers, architects and publishers

Trade union deviance (including teachers, lawyers/urban property owners)
2 11
Landlord deviance (class/caste based deviance) Police deviance- Deviance on
electoral process (rigging, booth capturing, impersonation, corrupt practices)
Gender-based aggression by socially, economically and politically powerful.

Conception of official deviance

Permissible limit of discretionary powers. The Chambal valley dacoit Vinoba

Mission and Jai Prakash Narain Mission – in 1959 and1971 The Chagla
3 Commission Report on LIC-MundhraAffair The Das Commission Report on 11
Pratap SinghKairon The Grover Commission Report on Dev Raj Urs The
Maruti Commission Report The lbakkar-Natarajan Commission Report on
Fairfax. Impact of New Criminal Laws.

Police Deviance
4 11

70
 Structures of 1egal restraint on police powers in India Unconstitutionality of
"third-degree" methods and use of fatal force by police "Encounter" killings
Police atrocities The plea of superior orders Rape and related forms of
gender-based aggression by police and Paramilitary forces Reform
suggestions especially by the National Police Commissions

Response of Indian Legal Order to the Deviance of Privileged Classes

Vigilance Commission; Public Accounts Committee; Ombudsman;

5 11
Commissions of Enquiry; Prevention of Corruption Act,1947 ; The Antulay
Case

References:

1. Upendra Baxi -The Crisis of the Indian Legal System (1982) Vikas Publishing House,
New Delhi.
2. SurendranathDwevedi and G.S. Bbargava -Political Corruption in India(1967)
3. A.R. Desai (ed.) -Violation of democratic Rights in India(1986)
4. A.G. Noorani -Minister's Misconduct (1974)
5. B.B. Pande -The Nature and Dimensions of Privileged Class Deviance" in The Other
Side of Development

71
 Semester-IV

DSE3: Centre-State Relations

Course Title: Centre-State Relations Course code: 24LLM4E3L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the concept of federalism and quasi federalism in India and other
countries
2. Analyse the financial, legislative and administrative relations between Centre and
State

DSE3: Centre-State Relations

Unit Description Hours

FEDERALISM

Federation and Confederation – Models of Federal Government – USA,

1 Australia, Canada – Evolution of Centre – State Relations in India – India 12
Union – Composition – District Features of Indian Federalism – Part I (Art. 1
to 4).

LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS

Territorial Nexus Theory and Principles of Resolving Conflict – Distribution

of Legislative Powers – The Three Lists – Principles of the Interpretation of
Lists – Repugnancy – Between the Central and State Law – Residuary Powers
2 11
– Parliamentary Legislation in the State Field – Centre Control Over State
Legislation – Distribution of Powers in Other Federation USA, Australia
Freedom of Inter – State trade and Commerce – Restrictions on Legislative
power of the Union and States.

ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS

Distribution of Executive Power – Central – State Administrative

3 Coordination – Power to Carry on Trade – States not to Impede the Centre – 11
Centre’s Directives to the States Statutory Provisions – All India Services –
Impact of Emergency and Role of Executives in the Centre – State Relations

72
 FINANCIAL RELATIONS

Scheme of Allocation of Taxing Power – Extent of Union Power of Taxation

– Inclusion of Residuary Power in the Fiscal Power – Inter – Government Tax
Immunities – Difference Between Tax and Fee – Distribution of Tax
4 11
Revenues – Borrowing Power of the Government of India and State – Tax
Sharing Under the Constitution – Finance Commission – Specific Purpose –
Grants – VAT – GST – Reports of Commissions and Committees on Revenue
Sharing.

CO – OPERATIVE FEDERALISM AND PLANNING

Competitive Federalism to Co – Operative Federalism – Full Faith and Credit

Clause – Inter – State Council – Zonal Councils – River Boards – Other
Statutory Bodies – Planning Commission, Niti Ayog

5 EPZA and Finance Commission – National Development Council – Plan 11

Grants – Special Status given to Certain States – Impact of Panchayat Raj on
Centre – State Relations – Commissions and Reports on Centre – State
Relations – Impact of Globalization on Centre- State Relations.

References:

1. Kirby, M.D.H.M.Seervai : Doyen of Indian Constitutional law : Delhi, Universal Law

Pub.Co., 2008..
2. Chanda, Asok Kumar. Federalism in India. London, G.Allen& Unwin, 1965.
3. Jain, M.P.Indian Constitutional law. Agra, Wadhwa and Company, 2003

73
 Semester-IV

DSE4: World Trade Law

Course Title: World Trade Law

Course code: 24LLM4E4L
Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the trade law and dispute resolution at international level
2. Analyse the rights and liabilities of parties of international trade

DSE4: World Trade Law

Unit Description Hours

International Economic Law

The policies and realities of International Economic Law in the global

1 context; Evolution of World Trade Organization from 1947 to 1995; 12
Organization, Structure, Power and Objective of World Trade Organization;
Most – Favoured Nation treatment and National Treatment; Tariffs and
safeguards
Technical Barriers to Trade Technical Barriers to Trade

Sanitary and Phyto- sanitary Measures; Trade Related Investment Measures;

2 Subsidies and countervailing measures; Anti-Duping; Agriculture; Textiles. 11
Trade in Services (GATS); Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property
Rights (TRIPS),

Dispute Settlement Process

3 11
Dispute Settlement Process; Comparison with ICC Court of Arbitration and
other models; Impact of World Trade Organization on India
Emerging Trends in WTO

4 Emerging trends in WTO. International Sale of Goods: Various forms and 11

standardization of terms; formation and performance of international
contracts; acceptance and rejection of goods; passing of property;
Rights of Unpaid Seller

5 Rights of unpaid seller; frustration of contract. Product liability; Insurance of 11

exports; Marine and other insurance, Law on carriage of goods by sea, land
and air, container transport; pre-shipment Inspection; Export and Import –

74
 Licensing; unification of international sales Law.

References:

1. John H.Jackson – The Jurisprudence of GATT and the WTO, Cambridge University
Press, 2000.
2. John H. Jackson – The World Trading System, The MIT Press, Cambridge 1998.
3. Bhagirath Lal Das – The World Trade Organisation, Earthworm Books 1999.
4. Clive M.Schmitthoff- The Law and Practice of International Trade, 10th edition, 2000.
5. Albert Jan Van den Berg- The New York Arbitration Convention 1958 towards a
uniform judicial interpretation.
6. Arun Goyal- WTO in the New Millennium, 4th edition. 2000.
7. Christopher Arup- The New World Trade Organization Agreements. Cambridge
University Press, 2000

75
 Semester-IV

DSE4: Comparative Criminal Law

Course Title: Comparative Criminal Law Course code: 24LLM4E4L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the criminal justice system of India, UK and USA
2. Analyse the effectiveness of various authorities and judiciary in India, UK and
USA

DSE4: Comparative Criminal Law

Unit Description Hours

Organisation of Courts and Prosecuting Agencies

Hierarchy of criminal courts and their jurisdiction, NyayaPanchayats in India,
1 Panchayats in tribal areas, Organisation of prosecuting agencies for 12
prosecuting criminals, Prosecutors and the police, Withdrawal of prosecution.
Impact of New Criminal Laws.

Pre-trial Procedures
Arrest and questioning of the accused, The rights of the accused, The
2 evidentiary value of statements / articles seized / collected by the police, 11
Right to counsel, Roles of the prosecutor and the judicial officer in
investigation.

Trial Procedures
The accusatory system of trial and the inquisitorial system, Role of the judge,
3 the prosecutor and defence attorney in the trial, Admissibility and 11
inadmissibility of evidence, Expert evidence, Appeal of the court in awarding
appropriate punishment, Plea bargaining
Correction and Aftercare services
Institutional correction of the offenders, General comparison - After - care
4 11
services in India and France, The role of the court in correctional programmes
in India.
Preventive Measures in India
Provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code, Special enactments, Public
Interest Litigation - Directions for criminal prosecution, Changes through
5 11
New Criminal Laws
The Paper will be taught with reference, wherever necessary, to the
procedures in India, England and US
References:
1. Celia Hamptom, Criminal Procedure
76
2. Wilkins and Cross, Outline of the Law of Evidence
3. Archbold, Pleading, Evidence and Practice in Criminal Cases
4. Sarkar, Law of Evidence
5. K.N.ChandrasekharanPillai(ed.), R.V. Kelkar's Outlines of Criminal Procedure
(2000),Eastern, Lucknow.
6. Patric Devlin, The Criminal Prosecution in England
7. American Series of Foreign Penal Codes Criminal Procedure Code of People's
Republicof China.
8. John N. Ferdico, Criminal Procedure (1996), West
9. Sanders & Young, Criminal Justice (1994)
10. Christina Van Den Wyngart, Criminal Procedure Systems in European Community
11. Joel Samaha,Criminal Procedure (1997)
12. Criminal Procedure Code,1973
13. The French Code of Criminal Procedure,
14. 14th and 41st Reports of Indian Law Commission.

77
 Semester-IV

DSE4: Comparative Constitutional Law

Course Title: Comparative Constitutional Law Course code: 24LLM4E4L

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: 3 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the principles of constitutionalism in India, UK and USA
2. Analyse the various concepts under Indian Constitution in comparison with USA
and UK

DSE4: Comparative Constitutional Law

Unit Description Hours

Concept of Representative and Responsible Government

1 Concept of representative and responsible government, Constitutional 12

Conventions; Nature, Scope and Role of Conventions; Presidential, Semi
Presidential, Collegiate system of Government
Concept of Cabinet Government

2 Concept of Cabinet government, Mode of appointment of Prime Minister, 11

Collective and Individual Responsibility; Hung Parliament.

Treaty Making Power

3 11
Treaty making power, Power to implement treaties, External affairs powers;
Emergency power, War power, Martial Law.
Legislative power

Nature and Significance of Legislative Power Nature and Significance of

4 11
Legislative power, composition of Legislature, First and Second Chamber,
Powers and Immunities of Legislatures, Chief Executive, his powers and
functions
Judiciary

5 Judiciary Organization and Jurisdiction of the Higher Judiciary; Independence 11

of Judiciary, Judicial Review and accountability.

References:

1. Relevant Provisions of the Constitutions

78
2. Peter W.Hogg- Canadian Constitutional Law.
3. Ivor Jennings- The Cabinet Government.
4. A.H.Birch – Representative and Responsible Government
5. Colin Howard- Australian Federal Constitutional Law
6. Wade and Phillips – Constitutional Law and Administrative Law.
7. Tressolini- American Constitutional Law.
8. Mason & Beaney – American Constitutional Law. Nowak, Rotunda and Young-
Constitutional Law of US (Student Ed.)
9. W.A. Wynes- Legislative, Executive and Judicial Powers in Australia. Hughes,
Christopher- Swiss Constitution
10. Godfrey & Blondel – The French Constitution and Government.
11. Rodney Brazier – Constitutional Practice.

79
 Semester-IV

GEC2: Right to Information

Course Title: Right to Information Course code: 24LLM4G2L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the law related to right to information in India
2. Analyse the rights of citizen and obligations of public authorities in India

GEC2: Right to Information

Unit Description Hours

Background

1 Right to Information before Right to Information Act, 2005; Significance in 10

democracy; Constitutional basis; Supreme Court on right to information.

RTI Act

Definitions; Right to information and obligations of public authorities Central

2 9
information commission; State information commission; Powers and
functions of information commissions; Appeals and penalties..

Other related laws

3 The Official Secrets Act, 1923; The Public Records Act, 1993; The Public 9
Records Rules, 1997; The Commission of Inquiry (Central) Rules, 1972.

References:

1. J.H.Barowalia- Commentary on the right to Information Act.

2. S.V.Joga Rao- Law Relating to Right to Information, vol.1.

80
 Semester-IV
GEC2: Consumer Laws

Course Title: Consumer Laws Course code: 24LLM4G2L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the laws related to consumer protection in India
2. Analyse the effectiveness of various authorities in protecting rights of consumers
in India

GEC2: Consumer Laws

Unit Description Hours

Basics Principles

Consumer rights and UN Guidelines on consumer protection, Consumer

1 goods, defect in goods, spurious goods and services, service, deficiency in 10
service, unfair trade practice, restrictive trade practice under Consumer
Protection Act, 2019

Organizational set-up under the Consumer Protection Act

Advisory Bodies: Consumer Protection Councils at the Central, State and

District Levels; Adjudicatory Bodies: District Forums, State Commissions,
2 9
National Commission: Their Composition, Powers, and Jurisdiction
(Pecuniary and Territorial), Role of Supreme Court under the CPA with
important case law.

Grievance Redressal Mechanism under the Indian Consumer Protection

Law

Who can file a complaint? Grounds of filing a complaint; Limitation period;

3 9
Procedure for filing and hearing of a complaint; Disposal of cases,
Relief/Remedy available; Temporary Injunction, Enforcement of order,
Appeal, frivolous and vexatious complaints; Offences and penalties.

References:

1. Khanna, Sri Ram, Savita Hanspal, Sheetal Kapoor, and H.K. Awasthi. (2007)
Consumer Affairs, Universities Press.
81
2. Choudhary, Ram Naresh Prasad (2005). Consumer Protection Law Provisions and
Procedure, Deep and Deep Publications Pvt Ltd.
3. G. Ganesan and M. Sumathy. (2012). Globalisation and Consumerism: Issues and
Challenges, Regal Publications
4. Suresh Misra and Sapna Chadah (2012). Consumer Protection in India: Issues and
Concerns, IIPA, New Delhi
5. Rajyalaxmi Rao (2012), Consumer is King, Universal Law Publishing Company

82
 Semester-IV

GEC2: Intellectual Property Rights

Course Title: Intellectual Property Rights Course code: 24LLM4G2L

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the various intellectual property rights and law regulating them in India
2. Analyse the new trends in intellectual properties in India

GEC2: Intellectual Property Rights

Unit Description Hours

IPR in India:

Meaning of property, Origin, Nature, Meaning of Intellectual Property Rights

Introduction to TRIPS and WTO.
1 10
Kinds of Intellectual property rights—Copy Right, Patent, Trade Mark, Trade
Secret and trade dress, Design, Layout Design, Geographical Indication, Plant
Varieties and Traditional Knowledge.

PATENT RIGHTS AND COPY RIGHTS

Origin, Meaning of Patent, Types, Inventions which are not patentable,

Registration Procedure, Rights and Duties of Patentee, Assignment and
licence , Restoration of lapsed Patents, Surrender and Revocation of Patents,
2 Infringement, Remedies & Penalties. 9

COPY RIGHT—Origin, Definition &Types of Copy Right, Registration

procedure, Assignment & licence, Terms of Copy Right, Piracy,
Infringement, Remedies, Copy rights with special reference to software

TRADE MARKS AND DESIGNS

Origin, Meaning & Nature of Trade Marks, Types, Registration of Trade

Marks, Infringement & Remedies, Offences relating to Trade Marks, Passing
3 9
Off, Penalties. Domain Names on cyber space.

DESIGN- Meaning, Definition, Object, Registration of Design, Cancellation

of Registration, International convention on design, functions of Design.

83
 Semiconductor Integrated circuits and layout design Act-2000.

References:

1. Intellectual Property Rights and the Law, Gogia Law Agency, by Dr. G.B. Reddy
2. Law relating to Intellectual Property, Universal Law Publishing Co, by Dr.
B.L.Wadehra
3. IPR by P. Narayanan

84
 Semester-IV

SEC3: Research Methodology

Course Title: Research Methodology Course code: 24LLM4S3LT

Total Contact Hours: 28 Hours Course Credits: 02
Formative Assessment Marks: 20 Duration of ESA/Exam: 2 hours
Summative Assessment Marks: 30

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the concept of research and types of research
2. Analyse the effectiveness of various legal methods while analyzing their
advantages and disadvantages

SEC3: Research Methodology

Unit Description Hours

Research and its components

Nature and importance of research- Aims, Objectives and Principles:

Fundamental research vs. applied research with examples: Qualitative vs
Quantitative research: Theoretical research vs. experimental research with
1 examples: Selection of a research problem and Sources of literature – 7
Journals, Conferences, Books. Types of sources: Literature Survey engines-
Scopus, web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Scihub, etc.
Science citation index: Citations, h-index, i10 index, impact factor.

Methods of Data Collection

Data Collection Methods- Framing a hypothesis, designing controlled

experiments, choosing the sample-size, sampling bias, importance of
2 independent replicates, conducting an experiment, maintaining a lab- 7
notebook to record observations: Identifying experimental errors. Case-
studies on well-designed experiments vs. poorly designed experiments.
Correlations vs. Causation .Good laboratory Practices.

Data analysis (Practical)

Data Presentation and Writing: Technical presentation, technical writing,

Formatting citations ; MS Excel for plotting the data (pie chart, plots, bar
3 charts) 14
Analysis using software tools:

Descriptive Statistics: Mean, standard deviation, variance, plotting data and

understanding error-bars. Curve Fitting: Correlation and Regression.
Distributions: Normal Distribution, Gaussian distribution, skewed
85
 distributions. Inferential Statistics: Hypothesis testing and understanding p-
value. Parametric tests: Student’s t-test, ANOVA. Tests to analyse
categorical data: Chi-square test.

References

1. C.R. Kothari, Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, II Ed. New Age
International Publishers, (2009).
2. Shanthibhushan Mishra, Shashi Alok, Handbook of Research Methodology, I Ed,
2017, Educreation Publishers.
3. Basic Statistical Tools in Research and Data Analysis
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037948/).
4. Introduction to Statistical methods with MATLAB (MATLAB and Simulink Training
(mathworks.com)

86
 Semester-IV

Research Project

Course Title: Research Project Course code: 24LLM4C1R

Total Contact Hours: 56 Hours Course Credits: 04
Formative Assessment Marks: 30 Duration of ESA/Exam: NA
Summative Assessment Marks: 70

Course Outcomes (CO’s):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Evaluate the various legal research methods and their use in solving social problems
2. Analyse the effectiveness of various research methodologies in application of different
techniques of research

Research Project

Objectives:

1. To provide an opportunity for students to apply theoretical concepts in real life situations at the
work place;

2. To enable students to manage resources, work under deadlines, identify and carry out specific
goal oriented tasks;

3. To enable students discover their professional strengths and weaknesses and align them with the
changing social, economic and political environment;

4. To sharpen domain knowledge and provide cross functional skills.

5. To expose the students to the current methodological traditions in the various disciplines.

6. To learn apply multidisciplinary concepts, tools and techniques to solve organizational problems.

7. To understand the processes involved in the working of the various functional departments of the
organization.

8. To make deliberate attempts to find answers for meaningful questions pertaining to a field of
study.

9. To create awareness for searching new phenomenon or thing in a new context

10. To collect the data or facts and reaching certain conclusions either in the form solutions towards
the concerned problem or for some theoretical formulation.
General Guidelines:

Nature of project work: The student will have to identify a project work in social and legal enterprise
that matches the student’s area of specialization. Project work may be a combination of In-plant study
and a research project. Students are expected to study the topic, identify a problem area and provide
suggestions to overcome the problems. No two students of the PG-Department/College shall work on
the same topic. Students can take field based research in different areas of law.

Duration of project work: The project work shall be for a period of ONE SEMESTER. Students are
expected to take up the preliminary work such as identifying the organization, finalization of topic and
review of literature during the 3rd semester and start the project work.

Guide: Internal guide of the project work is a full-time faculty member working in Law department of
the VSKU/affiliated colleges where Master of Law (LL.M.) program offered. External guide is from the
field where the student is carrying out his/her project work.

Structure of Synopsis

Synopsis is a 3-5 pages hard copy document and to be submitted to the Chairman with the signatures of
Internal Guide and the Student.

Page Content

Page 1 Title

Contact addresses of student -with details of internal Guide

Introduction with objectives,

Page 2 Review of articles/literature about the topic with source of information

Expected results (300 words).

Page 3 Time-Activity Chart

Schedule to be followed during Project Work [In IV semester]

Activity Time-line Remarks

Understanding structure, culture 20 Days Student should understand issues

and functioning of the field of /services and scientific
working. arguments of the organization.

Preparation of research instrument Discussion with the guide for

for data collection finalization of research
30 Days instrument in his/her domain and
submit the same to the guide.
(First presentation to Internship
 Committee)

Data collection and processing Data collected to be edited,

coded, tabulated and present for
30 Days analysis with the guide’s
suggestions.

(Second presentation to
Internship Committee)

Analysis and finalization of report Students must use appropriate

and latest statistical tools and
25 Days techniques for analyzing the data
(It is mandatory to use latest
statistical packages whose results
should be shown in the report)
(Third presentation to Internship
Committee)

Submission of report 15 Days Final report should be submitted

to the university before two
weeks of the commencement of
theory examination.

Format of the report:

The report shall be prepared using a MS Word processor with Times New Roman font sized 12, on a
page layout of A4 size with 1” margin on all three sides and left with 1.5”, double line spacing and only
front side print, [no back-to-back print]. The report may not exceed 100 pages.

Submission of report:

Students should submit the report in Hard bound “Navy Blue” color with Golden Embossing or screen-
printing. Students should also submit the report in electronic form [CD]. Only, in PDF file to the
department and colleges where Master of Law (LLM) program offered. Colleges in turn shall submit all
the reports and CDs of their students along with a consolidated master list with university registration
number], Name of the student, and Title of the report to the Chairman, Department of Law , VSKUB
before the commencement of the theory examinations.

Publication of research findings:

a) Students expected to present their research findings in seminars/conferences/technical events/fests or

publish their research work in journals in association with their internal guide of the department with
VSKU Ballari affiliation as a tag. Appropriate weightage should be given to this in the internal
evaluation of the project report.

Evaluation:

1. The project report of a candidate shall be assessed for maximum of 100 marks [consisting of 70
marks for report evaluation by the internal and external guide and 30 marks for viva-voce
examination.
2. There shall be double valuation; one by internal guide and second by external guide for a
maximum of Seventy (70) marks based on parameters specified by BOS in Law.
3. Internal Evaluation: The internal guide shall evaluate the report for a maximum of Seventy(70)
marks based on parameters specified by BOS in Law.
4. External Evaluation: An associate professor or professor level faculty member of other university
shall do external evaluation for maximum of Seventy (70) marks.
5. The average of internal and external shall be arrived to award final marks for a maximum of
Seventy (70) marks based on parameters specified by BOS in Law.
6. Viva-voce/Presentation: A viva-voce examination will be conducted for thirty[30] marks at the
Department of Law , VSKU, Ballari and each student is expected to give a presentation of his/her
work.
7. The Chairman of the department and an expert appointed by the BOE chairman shall conduct the
viva- voce examination.
8. The Candidate who fails to attend and/or fulfil the requirements of the course shall not be
eligible and he/she shall re-register for the course when offered.

Marks allocation for Internship report:

Evaluation by Internal Guide for 70 Marks

Sl. No Aspects Marks

1 First presentation* 05

2 Second presentation* 05

3 Third presentation* 05

4 Introduction and Methodology 10

5 Profile of the study area 10

6 Theoretical Background of the Study 10

7 Data Analysis and interpretation 15

8 Summary of Findings, suggestions and Conclusion 10

Total 70
* Candidate shall submit the presentation reports to the department and should bring the same on the day
of Viva-Voce examination.

Evaluation by an External Faculty for 70 Marks

Sl. No Aspects Marks

1 Introduction and Methodology 15

2 Profile of the study area 15

3 Theoretical Background of the Study 10

4 Data Analysis and interpretation 15

5 Summary of Findings, suggestions and Conclusion 15

Total 70

Viva-voce by Chairman and an Expert Drawn from Other University for 60 Marks

Sl. No Aspects Marks

1 Presentation Skills 05

2 Communication Skills 05

3 Subject Knowledge 05

4 Objective of the study/Methodology 05

5 Analysis using Statistical tools and Statistical Packages 05

6 Findings and appropriate suggestions 05

Total 30
 Project Report on

(Title of the Report in Capital Letters with inverted commas)

BY

(Student Name) (USN )

Submitted to

VIJAYANAGARA SRI KRISHNADEVARAYA UNIVERSITY, BALLARI

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Master of Law (LLM)

Under the guidance of

INTERNAL GUIDE

(Name) (Designation)

Department of Law, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University,

Jnana Sagara Campus, Vinayaka Nagar, Cantonment, Ballari

Ballari-583
583 104 2016-2017
2016

43
 DECLARATION

I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the Project Report entitled “---------------------------------------------
-------------------” written and submitted by me to Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari
in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Award of Degree of Master of Law (LL.M.) under
the guidance of is my original work and the conclusions drawn therein are based on the material
collected by myself.

Place: Ballari Signature

Date: (Name Research Student)

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “------------------------------------------------------------------

---------- ” which is being submitted herewith for the award of the degree of Master of Law (LLM) of
Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari is the result of the original research work
completed by Mr. bearing URN (xxxx), under my supervision and guidance and to the best of my
knowledge and belief the work embodied in this Project Report has not formed earlier the basis for the
award of any degree or similar title of this or any other University or examining body.

Signature of Research Guide Signature of the Chairman

Place: Ballari

Date:
CONTENT PAGE

CONTENTS

Items Page No.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Roman No

LIST OF TABLES Roman No

LIST OF FIGURES Roman No

CHAPTER I: Introduction Arabic No

CHAPTER II: Profile of the study area Arabic No

CHAPTER III: Research Design and Methodology Arabic No

CHAPTER IV: Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation Arabic No

CHAPTER V: Findings and suggestions Arabic No

BIBLIOGRAPHY Arabic No

ANNEXURE Arabic No
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Here the students can acknowledge for the people who are concern to the work and project. For
example:

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I take this opportunity as privilege to express my deep sense of gratitude to my research guide Dr./Shri

, [Designation], Department of Law, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari for

his continuous encouragement, invaluable guidance and help for completing the present research work.

I am deeply indebted to Dr. , Chairman/HOD/Principal, Department of Law, Vijayanagara Sri

Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari or College for being a source of inspiration to me and I am
indebted to him for initiating me in the field of research.

I am deeply grateful to all authorities of the Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari
without their help completion of the project was highly impossible.

I wish to express a special thanks to all teaching and non-teaching staff members, the Vijayanagara Sri
Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari for their forever support. Their encouragement and valuable
guidance are gratefully acknowledged. I would like to acknowledge my all my family members,
relatives and friends for their help and encouragement.

Place: Ballari

Date:
 LIST OF TABLES

A PAGE FOR LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title of the Table Page No

Table No. 1.1

Table No. 1.2

Table No. 2.1

Table No. 2.2

Table No. 3.1

Table No. 3.2

Table No. 4.1

Table No. 4.2

Table No. 5.1

Table No. 5.2

Tables may be more or less depending upon the tables in the each chapter
 LIST OF FIGURES

A PAGE FOR LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Title of the Figure Page No.

Figure No. 1.1

Figure No.1.2

Figure No. 2.1

Figure No. 2.2

Figure No. 3.1

Figure No. 3.2

Figure No. 4.1

Figure No. 4.2

Figure No. 5.1

Figure No. 5.2

Figure No. 5.3

Figure No. 5.4

Figures may be more or less depending upon the figure in the each chapter
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

All the abbreviations used in the research project should be listed alphabetically here. For example

AIR : All India Reporters

BFP : Bonafide Purchaser

PIL : Public Interest Litigation

: Counter Claim

DAC : Days after Contract

GATT : General Agreement on Tariff and Trade

GC : General Council

NGO : Non-Governmental Organization

ILM : International Legal Materials

Jx : Jurisdiction

JU : Disposed by Judge

NDA : Non-Disclosure Agreement

 LIST OF CASES

A list of all cases referred in the project work may be listed out here.