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Tutorial 1

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masungabraiden
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UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

DEPT. CHEMICAL AND MINING ENGINEERING


CP 203: Engineering Thermodynamics TUTORIAL: 1
1. As illustrated in Fig. 1.1, electric current from a storage battery runs an electric motor. The shaft of
the motor is connected to a pulley–mass assembly that raises a mass. Considering the motor as a
system, identify locations on the system boundary where the system interacts with its surroundings
and describe changes that occur within the system with time. Repeat for an enlarged system that
also includes the battery and pulley–mass assembly.
2. As illustrated in Fig. 1.2, water for a fire hose is drawn from a pond by a gasoline engine–driven
pump. Considering the engine-driven pump as a system, identify locations on the system boundary
where the system interacts with its surroundings and describe events occurring within the system.
Repeat for an enlarged system that includes the hose and the nozzle.
3. A system consists of liquid water in equilibrium with a gaseous mixture of air and water vapor.
How many phases are present? Does the system consist of a pure substance? Explain. Repeat for a
system consisting of ice and liquid water in equilibrium with a gaseous mixture of air and water
vapor.
4. A closed system consists of 0.5 kmol of ammonia occupying a volume of 6 m3. Determine (a) the
weight of the system, in N, and (b) the specific volume, in m3/kmol and m3/kg. Let g=9.81 m/s2.
5. As shown in Fig. 1.3, a vertical piston–cylinder assembly containing a gas is placed on a hot plate.
The piston initially rests on the stops. With the onset of heating, the gas pressure increases. At what
pressure, in bar, does the piston start rising? The piston moves smoothly in the cylinder and g=9.81
m/s2.
6. A gas contained within a piston–cylinder assembly undergoes three processes in series:
Process 1–2: Compression with pV = constant from p1=1 bar, V1= 1.0 m3 to V2 = 0.2 m3.
Process 2–3: Constant-pressure expansion to V3 =1.0 m3
Process 3–1: Constant volume
Sketch the processes in series on a p–V diagram labeled with pressure and volume values at each
numbered state.
7. Three kg of gas in a piston–cylinder assembly undergo a process during which the relationship
between pressure and specific volume is pv0.5= constant. The process begins with p1=250 kPa and
V1=1.5 m3 and ends with p2=100 kPa. Determine the final specific volume, in m3/kg. Plot the
process on a graph of pressure versus specific volume.
8. Natural gas is burned with air to produce gaseous products at 1985°C. Express this temperature in
K, °R, and °F.
9. Figure 1.4 shows a gas contained in a vertical piston–cylinder assembly. A vertical shaft whose
cross-sectional area is 0.8 cm2 is attached to the top of the piston. Determine the magnitude, F , of
the force acting on the shaft, in N, required if the gas pressure is 3 bar. The masses of the piston
and attached shaft are 24.5 kg and 0.5 kg, respectively. The piston diameter is 10 cm. The local
atmospheric pressure is 1 bar. The piston moves smoothly in the cylinder and g = 9.81 m/s2.
10. The pressure of the gas contained in the piston–cylinder assembly of Fig. 1.5 varies with its
volume according to p = A + (B/ V ), where A, B are constants. If pressure is in lbf/ft2 and volume
is in ft3, what are the units of A and B?

DLK 2016/2017
Table

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.4

Figure 1.5

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3

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