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Tutorial7 Solution

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BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, PILANI - K. K.

BIRLA GOA CAMPUS


DIGITAL DESIGN Tutorial 7

Ex 1: The D latch is constructed with four NAND gates and an inverter. Consider the following
three other ways for obtaining a D latch. In each case, draw the logic diagram and verify the circuit
operation.

(a) Use NOR gates for the SR latch part and AND gates for the other two. An inverter may be
needed.

(b) Use NOR gates for all four gates. Inverters may be needed.

(c) Use four NAND gates only (without an inverter). This can be done by connecting the output
of the upper gate (the gate that goes to the SR latch) to the input of the lower gate (instead
of the inverter output).

Ex 2: Construct a JK flip-flop using a D flip-flop, a two-to-one-line multiplexer, and an inverter.


Ex 3: Show that the characteristic equation for the complement output of a JK flip-flop is

Q0 (t + 1) = J 0 Q0 + KQ

Ex 4: A PN flip-flop has four operations: clear to 0, no change, complement, and set to 1, when
inputs P and N are 00, 01, 10, and 11, respectively.

(a) Tabulate the characteristic table.

(b) Derive the characteristic equation.

(c) Tabulate the excitation table.

(d) Show how the PN flip-flop can be converted to a D flip-flop.

Ex 5: A sequential circuit with two D flip-flops A and B, two inputs, x and y ; and one output z is
specified by the following next-state and output equations

A(t + 1) = xy0 + xB

B(t + 1) = xA + xB0

z=A

(a) Draw the logic diagram of the circuit.

(b) List the state table for the sequential circuit.


Digital Design (CS F215/ECE F215/EEE F215/INSTR F215) Page 2 of 3

(c) Draw the corresponding state diagram.

Ex 6: A sequential circuit has one flip-flop Q, two inputs x and y, and one output S . It consists of
a full-adder circuit connected to a D flip-flop, as shown in figure. Derive the state table and state
diagram of the sequential circuit.

Ex 7: Derive the state table and the state diagram of the sequential circuit shown in figure. Explain
the function that the circuit performs.

Ex 8: A sequential circuit has two JK flip-flops A and B and one input x. The circuit is described
by the following flip-flop input equations:
JA = x KA = B
JB = x KB = A0

(a) Derive the state equations A(t + 1) and B(t + 1) by substituting the input equations for the J
and K variables.

(b) Draw the state diagram of the circuit.


Digital Design (CS F215/ECE F215/EEE F215/INSTR F215) Page 3 of 3

Ex 9: A sequential circuit has two JK flip-flops A and B, two inputs x and y, and one output z . The
flip-flop input equations and circuit output equation are
JA = Bx + B0 y0 KA = B0 xy0
JB = A0 x KB = A + xy0
z = Ax0 y0 + Bx0 y0

(a) Draw the logic diagram of the circuit.

(b) Tabulate the state table.

(c) Derive the state equations for A and B .

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