ASSIGNMENT

1) Explain the important of computer.

*A computer system is the term used for all of the interconnected computer hardware and software components
that work together to run a computer, allowing it to receive, store, process and transmit information and data.

Typical system will include a few key components that ensure their computers work .there include:

A central processing unit (CPU) , which executes instructions.

A motherboard , which is the most important bit of circuitry in the system, enabling all its other components to
effectively interact enabling all its other components to effectively interact with one another.

An operating system , such as Apple IOS, the Macintosh MacOS operating system ,Linux, Unix, or the Microsoft
Windows operating system. Operating system like these provide the interface between the user and the computer as
well as its peripherals, such as any monitors, keyboards, and mice.

Various types of computer software. This include everything from word processors – the technology used for word
processing tools such as Microsoft Word –and the web when they have an internet connection.

Storage devices for short term memory –which is called random access memory, or RAM-and long term memory –
such as hard disk drives (HDD)-which are housed on a computer’s hard drive.

2) Characteristics of computer.

*A computer is a fast electronic device that processes raw data, performs arithmetic and logical operations, and
produces output. Nowadays, the computer has become a part of our life and can be used in most fields. In a
computer, there are various characteristics of computer system depending on their size, capacity, and specifications.
But , the major characteristics of the computer can be classified in to Speed, Accuracy, Diligence, Versatility,
Reliability, Consistency, Memory, Storage capacity, Remembrance Power, and automation.

1) Speed

*Executing mathematical calculation, a computer works faster and more accurately than human. Computer have the
ability to process so many millions (1,000,000) of instructions per second. A computer is a time saving device. The
speed of a computer is measure in terms of GigaHertz and MegaHertz.

2) Diligence

*A human cannot work for several hours without resting, yet a computer never tires. A computer can conduct millions
of calculations per second with complete precision without stopping. A computer can consistently and accurately do
millions of jobs or calculations.

3) Reliability

*A computer is reliable. The output results never differ unless the input varies. The output is totally depend on the
input. When an input the same the output will also be the same. A computer produces consistent results for similar
sets of data, if we provide the same set of input at any time we will get the same result.

4) Automation

*The word is quickly moving toward AI (Artificial Intelligent) - based technology. A computer may conduct tasks
automatically after instructions are programmed. By executing jobs automatically, this computer feature replaces
thousands of worker.
5) Memory

*A computer can store millions of records. These records may be accessed with complete precision. Computer
memory storage capacity is measured in Bytes, Kilobytes(KB), Megabytes(MB), Gigabytes(GB), and Terabytes(TB). A
computer has built – in memory known as primary memory.

6) Accuracy

*When a computer perform a computation or operation, the chances of errors occurring are low. Errors in a computer
are caused by human‘s submitting incorrect data. A computer can do a variety of operations and calculations fast and
accuracy”.

3) Basic components of computer.

*A computer device is made up of various elements which help in its effects functioning and processing. There are five
basic components of computer which help in making this processing of data easier and convenient.

1) Input

*A computer will only respond when a command is given to the device. These commands can be given using the input
unit or the input devices.

2) output

*When we command a computer to perform a task , it reverts for the action performed and gives us a result. The
result is called output. There are various output devices connected to the computer. The most basic of which is a
monitor.
3) Memory Unit

*When we enter the data into the computer using an input device, the entered information immediately gets saved in
the memory unit of the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Because of the presence of some existing programming, the
Memory Unit transmits the data further to the other part of the CPU.

4) Control Unit

*This is the core unit which manages the entire functioning of the computer device. It is one of the most essential
components of the computer system.

5) Arithmetic & Logical Unit

*As the name suggests, all the mathematical calculations or arithmetic operations are performed in the Arithmetic
and Logical Unit of the CPU.

4) Differentiate between system Software and Application software.

*System software is a set of programs that runs on computer, enabling them to perform tasks such as running
applications. System software is responsible for the functioning of the computer system as a whole.

* Application software is any software designed to run on a personal computer and perform a specific function.
Example include word processors, spreadsheets and media player.

5) Identify software and hardware.

*A computer system is divided into two categories: Hardware and Software. Hardware refers to the physical and
visible components of the system such as a monitor, CPU, keyboard and mouse. Software, on the other hand, refers to
a set of instructions which enable the hardware to perform a specific set of tasks. The software must be installed in
the hardware to function properly and similarly, the hardware must be present for the tasks to be performed. Both
are interdependent, yet they are also different from each other.

Difference Between Software and Hardware

Hardware Software
Hardware is further divided into four Software is further divided into two main
main categories: categories:
*Input Devices *Application Software
*Output Devices *System Software
*Secondary Storage Devices
*Internal Components
Developed using electronic and other Developed writing using instructions using a
materials programming language
When damaged, it can replace with a new When damaged it can be installed once more using
component a backup copy
Hardware is physical in nature one can The software cannot be physically touched but still
touch and see hardware can be used and seen
Hardware cannot be infected by viruses The software can be infected by viruses
Hardware will physically wear out over Software does not ware out but it can be affected
time by bugs and glitches
An example of Hardware is hard drives, An example of Software is Windows10,Adobe
monitors, CPU, scanners, printers etc. Photoshop, Google Chrome etc.

Name= Natnael Solomon