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Chapter 7

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5 views12 pages

Chapter 7

Uploaded by

Juanda Vasconez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematical Physics II

Clara Rojas
[email protected]
IISEM2024
School of Physical Science and Nanotechnology
Yachay TECH University
Evaluations of Improper Integrals
Evaluations of Improper Integrals

Evaluation of Improper Integrals

Integration Along a Branch Cut

References
Integrals

We turn now to some important applications of the theory of


residues, which was developed in the previous chapter. The
applications include evaluation of certain types of definite and
improper integrals occurring in real analysis and applied
mathematics. Considerable attention is also given to a method,
based on residues, for locating zeros of functions.
Evaluations of Improper Integrals

Evaluation of Improper Integrals

Integration Along a Branch Cut

References
Evaluation of Improper Integrals

We want to evaluate improper integrals of rational functions:

p(x)
f (x) = , (1)
q(x)
where p(x) and q(x) are polynomials with real coefficients and
no factors in common. For that we use a method that begins
with the identification of al distinct zeros of the polynomial q(z)
that lie above the real axis and may be labeled z1 , z2 , . . . , zn ,
where n is less than or equal to the degree of q(z). We then
integrate the quotient:
p(z)
f (z) = , (2)
q(z)
around the positively oriented bounday of the semicircular region
shown in the following figure.
This simple closed contour consists of the segment z = x
(−R ≤ x ≤ R) of the real axis from z = −R to z = R and the
top half of the circle |z| = R, described counterclockwise and
detone by CR . The Cauchy’s residue theorem can be used to
write:
Z R Z n
X
f (x)dx + f (z)dz = 2πi Res f (z)
−R CR z=zk
k=1

or:
Z R n
X Z
f (x)dx = 2πi Res f (z) − f (z)dz. (3)
−R z=zk CR
k=1

If: Z
lim f (z)dz = 0,
R→∞ CR

it then follows that

Z ∞ n
X Z ∞ n
X
f (x)dx = 2πi Res f (z) → f (x)dx = πi Res f (z)
−∞ z=zk 0 z=zk
k=1 k=1
(4)
Evaluations of Improper Integrals

Evaluation of Improper Integrals

Integration Along a Branch Cut

References
Integration Along a Branch Cut

Cauchy’s residue theorem can be useful in evaluating a real


integral when part of the path of integration of the function f (z)
to which the theorem is applied lies along a branch cut of that
function.
Evaluations of Improper Integrals

Evaluation of Improper Integrals

Integration Along a Branch Cut

References
References

• Complex Variables y Applications - J. W. Brown and R. V.


Churchill.
Chapter 7
Sections 78 and 84

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