IoT

Internet of Things
By: Prakhyath Rai
 Contents
• Overview of IoT
• History of IoT
• Advantages of IOT
• Challenges of IOT
• Architecture of IOT
• Devices and Network
• Applications of IOT
• IOT Tools and Platforms
 Overview of IoT
• Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated, internet-
connected objects that are able to collect and transfer data over a wireless
channel without human intervention
• IoT describes the network of physical objects - “things” - that are embedded
with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting
and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet
• IoT enables to analyze and act on data, facilitating the decision making
process with aid of insights obtained
 Overview of IoT
• Insights aid in transforming business and lower costs with aid of reliable
real-time data through,
• Reduction of wasted materials
• Streamlined Operational and Mechanical Processes
• Expansion into new lines of business
 IoT – How it Works?

Sensors/Devices Data Processing

Collecting data Making data useful

Connectivity User Interface

Sending data to cloud Delivering information to user
 History Of IoT

Carnegie Mellon John Romkey developed IoT conference was held at

University’s . David a toaster that could be Zurich
Nichols - ARPANET turned on and off over US National Intelligence
based Monitoring - the Internet Council included IoT as
Coke Vending Machine
1989 1999 Disruptive Civil Technologies

1982 Tim Berners Lee

World Wide Web 1990 Kevin Ashton
Linking RFID in 2008
P&G’s supply chain
to the Internet
Coined the term IoT
 2020

2015

2010 7.8 billion

7.2 billion 50 billion
2003 25 billion 6.58
6.8 billion
12.5 billion 3.47
6.3 billion
1.84
500 million
0.08
* CISCO Report
 Economic Impact of IoT
$2.3 $4 $5 $7
trillion trillion trillion trillion

2014 2016 2018 2020

* Gartner’s Survey
 IoT Architecture
• Things, Sensors and Controllers

• Gateways and Data Acquisition

• Edge Analytics

• Data Centre / Cloud Platform

Layers in IoT Architecture
Layers in IoT Architecture
Factors Spurring Rapid IoT Expansion

Falling Falling costs Widely Increasing Increasing

sensor costs of data expanding computing smartphone
collection internet power and tablet
and storage connectivity penetration
 Advantages of IoT
Efficient
Minimize Save Enhance Data Improve
Resource
Human Effort Time Collection Security
Utilization

Enhance Data IoT Interact and Reduces the Automatically Secure and Efficient
Collection Communicate Human Effort
Disadvantages of IoT

01 Security Network Attacks

02 Privacy

03 Complexity Designing,
Developing, and Maintaining
Remote Monitoring
• Monitor – Machineries, Vehicles, Crops and Livestock
• Monitor anywhere, either continuously or at regular
intervals
• Track location, performance, condition, or
environmental factors
• Insights aid in,
• Reduce service costs and refine business processes
• Understand how products are performing to provide a better
experience for your customers
• Increase the number of appointments per day, cut fuel costs, and
reduce wear-and-tear by using machine learning capabilities to
route freight or vehicles more efficiently
• Know where resources are at any given moment—down to
which vehicle they’re on—for improved field service, stronger
security, and increased employee safety
Predictive Maintenance
• Predictive maintenance incorporates machine learning
software that analyzes data to predict outcomes and
automate actions
• Predictive capabilities allow service providers to move
beyond the traditional reactive and scheduled
maintenance business model and use their data to
identify issues before they become critical
• Insights aid in,
• Figuring out what mechanical or operational
conditions are causing failures or slowdowns
• Better predict what spare parts to keep in inventory
before repair issues arise
• Move beyond a break/fix business model by
preventing equipment failures through preventative
maintenance
Facilities Management
• Monitoring buildings, infrastructure, and
other spaces, allowing to improve energy
efficiency, space utilization, productivity,
and safety using the data collected
• Insights aid in,
• Saving money by automating lighting or
optimizing heating and cooling cycles

• Increasing employee or occupant satisfaction

by keep equipment running or ensuring that
supplies are stocked
Manufacturing Efficiency
• To manage processes and product quality
with data from your devices and sensors
• Insights aid in,
• Identifying bottlenecks that reduce efficiency,
enabling to improve process

• Reducing downtime caused by unplanned

maintenance or equipment failure

• Eliminating substandard materials, parts, or errors

before the product is complete

• Reducing downtime caused by unplanned

maintenance or equipment failure
Connected Products – Supply Chain Management
• Connected products have smart, connective
components that allow data to be exchanged
between the product and its user, manufacturer,
or environment

• Insights aid to,

• Streamline the development and maintenance of
products

• Provide more secure, connected experiences for

customers

• Create new lines of business with managed service and

support

• Monitor how products perform to improve design,

manufacturing, and reliability
 Challenges in IoT adoption
1 3

Hardware platforms Privacy and

enable wide range of Security
applications

2 4

Data Planning Sustainability

Data Generated Powered on
Data Collection 24/7
 Smart Home
• Control and Monitoring
• Cost and Energy Savings
• Environment Impact
• Better Security
• Comfort
IoT in Agriculture
• Precise Farming

• Agriculture Drones

• Livestock Monitoring

• Smart Greenhouses
IoT in Health Care
• Remote Patient Monitoring
• Promoting Hygienic Hospitals
and Clinics

• Depression and Mood

Monitoring

• Pharmaceutical Temperature
Monitoring
Case Study: Health Care
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a leading cause of hospitalizations in the US
for diabetics. The primary course of treatment for DFUs is an offloading
device or non-removable cast, but compliance often remains a significant
challenge, leading to a high treatment failure rate among patients with DFUs.
Healing time can be accelerated with therapeutic footwear optimized via
plantar pressure analysis to take weight and pressure off the area of
ulceration.

To help providers personalize care and improve compliance, Sensoria

partnered with leading DFU boot manufacturer, Optima Molliter, to create
the Motus Smart Solution. These connected devices enable clinicians to
remotely monitor patients when they leave the clinic to better track patient
compliance and improve care plans.
 IoT Tools & Platforms

Raspberry Pi Arduino
• The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card • Arduino is a prototype platform (open-
sized computer that plugs into a computer source) based on an easy-to-use hardware
monitor or TV and uses a standard and software
keyboard and mouse
• It consists of a circuit board, which can be
programed (referred to as a
microcontroller) and a ready-made
software called Arduino IDE