PHYSIC 2
BY LÊ MINH TẤN
Part I. Group Assignment:
Group Assignment Dr.Lan
Date: 8/12/2022 Duration: 2 weeks
Open Book and Offline
SUBJECT: PHYSICS 2 (FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL PHYSICS)
INSTRUCTIONS: the total of point is 100 (equivalent to 25% of the course)
1. Purpose:
• Test your understanding of basic knowledge of The Kinetic Energy of Ideal Gas and
the Second Law of Thermal Dynamics (CLO3).
• Examine your skill in analysis and design a problem in science and engineering
(CLO2).
• Test your ability in applying knowledge of physics (CLO1).
• Evaluate your English skills in writing communication manner (CLO4).
2. Requirement:
• Read carefully each question and answer it following the requirements.
• Write the answers and draw models CLEAN and TIDY directly in the paper.
Submit your exam including this cover page and the solutions of the following problems
Problem 1. An ideal gas does (𝛾 = 1.3) is initially at 𝑝1, 𝑇1, 𝑉1. The gas is compressed adiabatically to
half its orignial volume. It is then cooled at constant pressure to its orignal temperature. Calculate the
ratioof the final volume to the initial one.
Problem 2. A 𝑋 𝑘𝑔 of ice at −15°𝐶 is pour into a 1𝑘𝑔 glass of water at 80°𝐶. Heat is supplied from the
waterto melt up the ice. After a long time, the system including ice and water reach the equilibrium
temperature at 𝑌°𝐶. Given the specific heat of ice is: 2220 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 and the specific heat of water is 4190
𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 while the heat of transformation is 333 × 103 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾.
a) Determine the temperature of the glass of water when it reach equilibrium temperature if 𝑋 =
0.5 𝑘𝑔.
b) Determine the mass of ice needed to decrease the equilibrium temperature to 50°𝐶
Problem 3. An ideal gas expands at a constant pressure of 120 𝑘𝑃𝑎 from A to B as shown in Figure 1.It
is then compressed isothermally to point C where the volumn is 40L. Find the net work done by the gas
during these two processes.
Problem 4. A 3.5 mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes a reversible process at
constantvolume, increasing its temperature from 200K to 500K. What does the entropy change of
the gas?
Problem 5. An ideal monatomic gas undergoes an adibatic compression from state 1 with
pressure
𝑝1 = 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚, volume 𝑉1 = 8 𝐿, and temperature 𝑇1 = 300 𝐾 to state 2 with pressure 𝑝2 = 32 𝑎𝑡𝑚,
volume 𝑉2 = 1 𝐿.
a) What is the temperature of the gas in state 2?
b) How many moles of gas are present?
c) What is the average translational kinetic energy per mole before and after compression?
d) What is the ratio of the squares of the rms speeds before and after the compression?
a) If we do not know that the ideal gas here is monatomic, demonstrate that the gas is
trulymonatomic.
Problem 6. Calculate the change in entropy of 1 𝑘𝑔 of ice at 0.0°𝐶 when its temperature is increased
to30°. Given the specific heat of ice is: 2220 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 and the specific heat of water is 4190 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾
while the heat of transformation is 333 × 103 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾.
Problem 7. A 2 𝑘𝑔 of ice at −10°𝐶 is placed in a lake whose temperature is 30°𝐶. Calculate the
change in entropy of the lake if we assume that the temperature of the lake does not change. Given
the specificheat of ice is: 2220 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 and the specific heat of water is 4190 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾 while the heat
of transformation is 333 × 103 𝐽/𝑘𝑔𝐾.
Problem 8. In a room with the temperature at 27°𝐶. Calculate the translational kinetic energy per
molecule ofHydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen.
Problem 9. The mean free path of nitrogen molecule at 16°𝐶 and 1.0 𝑎𝑡𝑚 is 3.1 × 10−7 𝑚.
a) Calculate the diameter of each nitrogen molecule.
b) If the average speed of nitrogen molecule is 675 𝑚/𝑠, what is the time taken by the
moleculebetween two successive collisions?
Problem 10.
An ideal diatomic gas is taken from state A to state B along the straight-line path as shown in Figure2,
what is the change in the internal energy of the gas for this process?
Figure 2
Group Assignment Dr.Hoi
Q.1 (25 pts) You have two identical containers, one containing gas A and the other gas B. The masses
of these molecules are mA = 3.34 10-27 kg and mB = 5.34 10-26 kg. Both gases are under the same
pressure and are at 10.0°C.
(a) Which molecules (A or B) have greater translational kinetic energy per molecule and rms speeds?
Now you want to raise the temperature of only one of these containers so that both gases will have the
same rms speed.
(b) For which gas should you raise the temperature?
(c) At what temperature will you accomplish your goal?
(d) Once you have accomplished your goal, which molecules (A or B) now have greater average
translational kinetic energy per molecule?
Q.2 (25 pts) A gas undergoes two processes. In the first, the volume remains constant at 0.200 m3 and
the pressure increases from 2.00 105 Pa to 5.00 105 Pa. The second process is a compression to a
volume of 0.120 m3 at a constant pressure of 5.00 105 Pa.
(a) In a pV-diagram, show both processes.
(b) Find the total work done by the gas during both processes.
Q.3 (25 pts) Two moles of an ideal monatomic gas go through the cycle abc. For the complete cycle,
800 J of heat flows out of the gas. Process ab is at constant pressure, and process bc is at constant volume.
States a and b have temperatures Ta = 200 K and Tb = 300 K.
(a) Sketch the all possible pV-diagrarns for the cycle.
(b) What is the work W for the process ca?
Q.4 (25 pts) A cylinder 1.00 m tall with inside diameter 0.120 m is used to hold propane gas (molar
mass 44.1 g/mol) for use in a barbecue. It is initially filled with gas until the gauge pressure is 1.30
106 Pa and the temperature is 22.00 C. The temperature of the gas remains constant as it is partially
emptied out of the tank, until the gauge pressure is 2.50 105 Pa. Calculate the mass of propane that has
been used
Part II. Example Solution of Entropy Change
A cup containing 0.3L of water initially at a temperature of 100C is put in a large room at an air
temperature of 250C. after 3 hours the equilibrium temperature of the water-air system is at 250C. how
much has the entropy of the water - air system changed?
Solution:
Part III. Solving the Mock Tests:
CODE 1
Question 1. ( 20pts) An ideal gas has an RMS speed of 350m/s. If each gas particle has a mass of
6.62x10-26 kg, what is the temperature of the gas (R=8.31J/mol.K)
Question 2. ( 20pts) An ideal gas is initially at a pressure of 1.5atm and has a volume of 4.0L. It expands
isothermally to a final state with a pressure of 0.7atm. Determine the work done by the gas (
1atm=1.01x105 Pa)
Question 3. ( 20pts) One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is first compressed isothermally at 3600K to
half of its volume. Then 500J of heat is added to it at constant volume.
a) Sketch these two processes in a pressure-volume diagram
b) Calculate the total change in the internal energy after the gas has passed through these two
processes
c) Find the final temperature of the gas
Question 5. ( 20pts) A sample is 250 grams of ice initially at 00 C. Heat is added to the sample so that
its entropy increase by 397J/K. Determine the final temperature of the sample ( the specific heat of water
𝐽
c=4190𝑘𝑔.𝐾; the latent heat of fusion of ice LF =333kg/J)
(Hint: first, calculate the change in entropy of the sampe if all the ice is melted, then compare this value
with the given change in entropy)
CODE 2
Question 1. (20 pts) A sample of an ideal gas is taken through cycle ABCA shown in the Fig. 1. At
point A, TA = 300 K.
a/ Determine the temperature at B.
b/ Assume the BC process is isothermal, compute the work done by the
gas on path BC.
Question 2 (20 pts) The mean free path of molecules of a 5 g oxygen gas in a container is 760
Angstroms. Assume the diameter of oxygen is 3.55 Angstroms.
a/ Determine the volume of the container.
b/ If the total translational kinetic energy of the oxygen gas is 1.95 kJ, calculate the mean time between
collisions.
Question 3 (20 pts) The total kinetic energy of a 0.1 mole nitrogen gas in a 500 cm3 container is 2.5 kJ.
a/ Compute the temperature and pressure inside the container.
b/ Determine the rms speed of the nitrogen molecules.
Question 4 (20 pts) A 100 g ice cube at -1500 C is dropped into 200 g of water at 3000 C in a thermally
insulated container.
a/ What is the final temperature at thermal equilibrium?
b/ How much has the entropy of the ice cube–water system changed? Explain the physical meaning of
your result.
Question 5 (20 pts) A sample of a monatomic ideal gas in a cylinder is taken through a reversible cycle.
The gas initially at 10L and 3000 K is heated at constant volume to 6000 K. Then, it is expanded
isothermally to the initial pressure. Finally, it is compressed to its initial state. During the cycle, the net
energy providing to the gas as heat is 7.2 kJ.
a/ How many moles of the gas are there in the cylinder?
b/ What is the net work done by the gas?
CODE 3
Question 1. (20 pts) An ideal gas in a cylinder at the initial state of Vi = 4m3 , pi = 2.5kPa, and Ti = 4000
K is compressed at constant pressure to Vf = 1m3.
a/ Compute the number of moles of the gas.
b/ Determine the energy released from the gas as heat.
Question 2 (20 pts) A 1g nitrogen gas is in a 2L container and the translational kinetic energy of each
molecule of the gas is 2.75x10-20 J. Assume the diameter of nitrogen is 3.64 Angstroms.
a/ Calculate the mean free path of the gas.
b/ Find the frequency of collisions.
Question 3 (20 pts) The average speed of molecules of a 0.1 mole nitrogen gas in a container is 5x103
m/s.
a/ Determine the total translational kinetic energy of the gas.
b/ Compute the energy as heat providing to the gas so that the average speed of its molecules increases
to
double.
Question 4 (20 pts) An ice cube at -1000C is dropped into 200cm3 of water at 2000C in a thermally
insulated container. When the ice cube–water system reaches equilibrium, the final temperature is 00C
and water increases a volume of 44cm3
a/ Determine the mass of the ice cube?
b/ Calculate the entropy change of the system? Explain the physical meaning of your result.
Question 5 (20 pts) Fig 1 shows a reversible cycle through which a 1 mole sample of a diatomic ideal
gas is taken. At the point a, Ta = 4000 K. At the point b, Tb = 6000 K. Process bc is an isothermal
expansion.
a/ What is the net energy providing the gas as heat?
b/ What is the net work done by the gas?
CODE 4
Question 1. (20 pts) An ideal gas in a cylinder at the initial state of Vi = 1m3,pi = 2.5 kPa, and Ti =
2000 K is compressed at constant volume to pf = 7.5 kPa.
a/ Compute the number of moles of the gas.
b/ Determine the energy transferred to the gas as heat.
Question 2 (20 pts) Suppose a 2.5 g oxygen gas is in a 4L container. Assume the diameter of oxygen
is 3.55 Angstroms.
a/ Calculate the mean free path of the molecules.
b/ If the total translational kinetic energy of the oxygen gas is 0.98 kJ, compute the pressure of the gas.
Question 3 (20 pts) The translational kinetic energy of each molecule of an 0.1 mole nitrogen gas in a
500cm3 container is 2.75x10-20 J.
a/ Determine the temperature inside the container.
b/ Calculate the pressure in the container.
Question 4 (20 pts) A 50g ice cube at -2000 C is dropped into a thermally insulated container
containing water at 1000 C. The final temperature is 500 C at thermal equilibrium.
a/ Determine the initial volume of water?
b/ Calculate the entropy change of the system? Explain the physical meaning of your result.
Question 5 (20 pts) Fig 1 shows a reversible cycle through which a 1 mole sample of a polyatomic
ideal gas is taken. At the point a, Ta = 500 K. At the point b, Tb = 8000 K. Process bc is an adiabatic
expansion.
a/ What is the net energy transferred the gas as heat?
b/ What is the net work done by the gas?
CODE 5
Question 1 (20 pts) A cylinder is filled with a monatomic ideal gas. At first, the volume, the pressure
and the temperature of the gas are 2L, 105 Pa and 300oK respectively. Three successive processes are
made by this gas:
a→ b: The volume of the gas decreases to 1L adiabatically.
b→ c: The gas is cooled back down to 3000 K at constant volume of 1L.
c→ a: The gas expands to 2 L under the constant temperature of 3000 K.
a/ Sketch in a single pV diagram these three processes.
b/ Compute the temperature of the gas at the end of the process a b.
c/ Compute the work made by the gas in each process and the total heat transferred in this cycle.
Question 2 (20 pts) Knowing that the molar mass of H2 is 2.016 g/mol and the molar mass of N2 is
28.014 (g/mol).At what temperature is the root-mean-square speed of hydrogen molecules equal to the
root-mean-square nitrogen molecules speed of at 270 C? Explain the result.
Question 3 (20 pts) When 1.75 moles of an ideal gas receives 970 J as heat, its temperature rises from
10.0°C to 25.0°C at constant pressure and its internal energy increases by 747 J.
a/ Calculate the work done by this gas.
𝐶
b/ Compute the ratio of heat capacities γ = 𝐶𝑃 of the gas.
𝑉
Question 4 (20 pts) The translational kinetic energy of a molecule of a gas is 6.21x10-21 J and its root-
mean-square speed of this molecule is 484 m/s.
a/ Compute the corresponding temperature of this gas.
b/ What is the mass of each molecule? Deduce the nature of this molecule.
Question 5 (20 pts) One kilogram of water at 0°C is brought into contact with a large heat reservoir at
100°C. The specific heat of water is 4180 J/kg.K.
a/ When the water has reached 100°C, what has been the change in entropy of the water and of the entire
system consisting of both water and the heat reservoir?
b/ If the water had been heated from 0°C to 100°C by first bringing it into contact with a reservoir at
50°C and then another reservoir at 100°C, what would be the change in entropy of the entire system?
c/ From the result in b/, deduce the method to heat the water from 0°C to 100°C with negligible change
in entropy of the entire system.
CODE 6- August 2020
Question 1/ (20 pts) One mole of an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process. The initial volume is
1.3m3 and the final volume is 2.6m3 . If the heat added to the gas is 1700 J, find the temperature of the
gas. (R = 8.31J/mol.K)
Question 2/ (20 pts) A gas sample of 2 moles of nitrogen are in a 0.05m3 container at a pressure of
5x106 Pa:
(a) Calculate the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule;
(b) Find the internal energy of the gas sample. (k = 1.38x10-23 * J / K)
Question 3/ (20 pts) A polyatomic ideal gas undergoes a constant pressure process in which the heat
added to the gas is 1000 J. Find the change in internal energy and the work done by the gas.
Question 4/ (20 pts) Two moles of a gas are originally at a pressure of 1 atm and a volume of 0.05m 3
The gas expanded adiabatically to twice its original volume. If γ = 1.67 find the final temperature of the
gas. (1 atm= 1.01x105 Pa : PVγ = constant)
Question 5/ (20 pts) If you take an ice cube of 100 g at -160C from the freezer compartment of a
refrigerator and place it in a room at temperature 320C
(a) Calculate the change in entropy of the ice cube when it reaches the room temperature (of course the
ice cube will be in liquid). Assume that the room is very large, so its temperature does not change.
(b) Prove that the process of melting the ice cube is irreversible. ( Lice = 333kJ / kg ; cice =2220 J/ kg.K
; cwater = 4190J / kg.K)
CODE 7- January 2021
Question 1 (20 pts) A cylinder contains 0.1 mol of an ideal monatomic gas. Initially the gas is at a
pressure of 105 Pa and occupies a volume of 2.5x10-3 m3
(a) Find the initial temperature of the gas in kelvins.
(b) If the gas is allowed to expand to twice the initial volume, find the final temperature (in kelvins) of
the gas if the expansion is adiabatic.
Question 2 (20 pts) The pressure of an ideal gas inside a spherical balloon with volume of 0.065. m³ is
1.25 atm. The average translational kinetic energy of a molecule is 6.11x10-21
(a) Find the temperature of the gas inside the balloon.
(b) What is the total translational kinetic energy of all the molecules in the balloon?
Question 3 (20 pts) A volume of air (assumed to be an ideal gas) is first cooled without changing its
volume and then expanded without changing its pressure, as shown by the path abc in Fig.1.
(a) How does the final temperature (state c) of the gas compare with its initial temperature (state a)?
(b) How much heat does the air exchange with its surroundings during the process abc? Does the air
absorb heat or release heat during this process?
(c) If the air instead expands directly from state a to state c, how much heat does it exchange with its
surroundings?
Question.4 (20pts)
The means free path of nitrogen 270C and 1.0atm is 4.1x10-7m
(a) Calculate the diameter of each nitrogen molecule.
(b) If the average speed of nitrogen m/s, what is the time taken by the molecule between two successive
collisions?
Question 5 (20 pts) An ice cube at – 100C is put into a thermos flask containing 100cm3 of water at 300
C The final equilibrium temperature of the system is 20°C.
(a) Determine the mass of the ice cube.
(b) How much has the entropy of the cube-water system changed?
( Lice =333kJ / kg ; cice =2220 J/ kg.K ; cwater = 4190J / kg.K, ρwater =1000kg/m3)
International University - VNUHCM
Department of Physics
-----------------
Final Examination
Date: 05/07/2024; Duration: 90 minutes
Close book; Offline; Laptops/Cell-phone are not allowed
Real Test in Semester II_Year 2023-2024
SUBJECT: Physic 2 (CHE1031IU)
Approval by the Department of Physics Lecturer:
Signature Signature
Full name:
Full name:
Proctor 1 Proctor 2
Signature Signature
Full name: Full name:
STUDENT INFO
Student name:
Student ID:
INSTRUCTIONS: the total of point is 100 (equivalent to 40% of the course)
1. Purpose:
• Test your understanding of basic knowledge of The Kinetic Energy of Ideal Gas, the
Second Law of Thermal Dynamics and the First Law of Thermal Dynamics (CLO3).
• Examine your skill in analysis and design a problem in science and engineering (CLO2).
• Test your ability in applying knowledge of physics (CLO1).
• Evaluate your English skills in writing communication manner (CLO4).
2. Requirement:
• Read carefully each question and answer it following the requirements.
• Write the answers and draw models CLEAN and TIDY directly in the exam paper.
Submit your exam including this cover page and the solutions of the following problems
HCMC National University Student Name:………...……………………….
International University Student ID:…………………………….
------------
QUESTIONS
Question 1. (20 marks) One mole of an diatomic gas does from an initial pressure of 5.0 kPa and
volume of 2.0 m3 to a final pressure of 2.0 kPa and volume of 4.0 m3. Given the gas constant R= 8.31
J/(mol.K) and the internal energy of an ideal gas Eint = n(f/2)RT.
a) What is the change in internal energy of the gas ( 10 marks)
b) How much is added to the gas as heat ( 10 marks)
Question 2. ( 20 marks ) Consider of one mole of Argon gas in a 1.0L container at a pressure of 10.0
3𝑅𝑇
atm. Given the molar mass of Argon M=40g/mol, 1atm=1.01x105 Pa and vrms = √ 𝑀
a) What is the rms speed of the Argon atoms? ( 10 marks)
b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of all the atoms of the gas? ( 10 marks)
Question 3. ( 20 marks) A 0.5 mol sample of a monatomic gas expand adiabatically from an initial
pressure of 5.0atm and volume of 4.1L to a final pressure of 1.0atm. Given the formula of an adiabatic
process pVγ=constant
a) Find the final volume and final temperature of the gas. ( 10 marks)
b) What is the work done by the gas?. ( 10 marks)
Question 4. ( 20 marks) Suppose 0.55 mole of an ideal gas is isothermally and reversibilitty expand
from an initial volume of 0.3cm3 to a final volume of 1.2cm3 at the temperature 4000K
a) Find the work done by the gas. ( 10 marks)
b) What is the change of the entropy of the gas. ( 10 marks)
Question 5. ( 20 marks) Suppose a 1.0kg sample of a water at temperature 30.00C is added to a 2.0kg
sample of water at 90.00C in an insulated container of negligible heat capacity at a constant pressure.
Knowing that the specific heat of the water at constant pressure is c= 4184J/kg.K
a) What is the final temperature of the water in the container? ( 10 marks)
b) Find the change in entropy of all the system. ( 10 marks)
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