[KZ 814] OCTOBER 2011 Sub.

Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions in the same order.
I. Elaborate on : Pages Time Marks
(Max.) (Max.) (Max.)
1. Explain the theory of polarography involving Ilkovic equation,
dropping mercury electrode, current voltage curve, 17 40 min. 20
various current produced and its application in pharmacy.

2. Describe the theory of UV absorption spectroscopy and 17 40 min. 20

laws governing, deviation of laws.
Draw the diagram of a double beam UV spectrometer and
its application in single / multi component analysis.

II. Write notes on :

1. Write on theory, carrier gases and stationary phases
used in gas chromatography. 4 10 min. 6
2. Explicate the types of fluorescence quenching with examples
and give the application of fluorimetry to pharmaceuticals. 4 10 min. 6
3. What are the reference and indicator electrodes used
in potentiometric titrations. Explain construction, 4 10 min. 6
working and advantages of one electrode from each of the type.
4. What are the basic components of a HPTLC instrument?
Explain the advantages and application of HPTLC in pharmacy. 4 10 min. 6
5. What are the vibrations occur in a molecule on IR absorption?
Give the elements of interpretation of an IR spectrum of a molecule. 4 10 min. 6
6. Explain the concepts of statistical quality control. 4 10 min. 6
7. What is conductometric titration? Explain them with suitable
examples. 4 10 min. 6
8. Write on construction, working principle and advantages of a
flame ionization detector used in gas chromatography. 4 10 min. 6
9. Explain the ion exchange mechanism and
write on various factors affecting ion exchange process. 4 10 min. 6
10. Briefly write on the procedure of regulatory control. 4 10 min. 6

*******
[LA 814] APRIL 2012 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions in the same order.
I. Elaborate on : Pages Time Marks
(Max.) (Max.) (Max.)
1. Explain the theory of IR absorption?
Draw and label IR spectrometer giving details on its components. 17 40 min. 20
How is IR spectroscopy applied for qualitative and quantitative
analysis of pharmaceuticals.

2. Write the theoretical aspects, indicator and reference

electrodes used, and measurement of pH, types of titrations 17 40 min. 20
and end point detection and application of potentiometry.

II. Write notes on :

1. What are the fundamental laws governing UV absorption
and why do molecules deviate from laws? 4 10 min. 6
2. How does a good laboratory practice performed in an industry? 4 10 min. 6
3. Elaborate on theory of fluorescence. How does a
pharmaceutical compound estimated by fluorescence concept? 4 10 min. 6
4. What are amperometric titrations? Add note on advantages
and pharmaceutical applications of amperometric titrations. 4 10 min. 6
5. Give note on monochromators and detectors used in UV
spectrophotometers. 4 10 min. 6
6. Draw and label a double beam spectrofluorimeter giving its
advantage. 4 10 min. 6
7. How does the Derivatization and temperature
programming are used in gas chromatographic analysis. 4 10 min. 6
8. Describe the polarographic principle and factors
affecting polarographic measurements. 4 10 min. 6
9. What are the differences between atomic absorption
and flame emission spectroscopy? 4 10 min. 6
10. Give the principle and application of NMR and ESR spectroscopy. 4 10 min. 6

*******
[LB 814] OCTOBER 2012 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer ALL questions in the same order.
I. Elaborate on : Pages Time Marks
(Max.) (Max.) (Max.)
1. Explain the working with the help of a neat, labeled,
schematic block diagram of a HPLC and describes its 17 40 min. 20
operational modalities briefly. Write the advantages
and classification based on mode of separation of HPLC.
2. Discuss the underlying principle of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
(AAS). Describe the various components that are essentially involved
in double beam AAS with help of a schematic diagram. How do the
following three types of interferences affect the atomic absorption
spectroscopic methods (a) Spectral interferences
(b) Chemical interferences (c) Ionisation interferences. 17 40 min. 20
II. Write notes on :
1. Express Beer-Lambert’s Law. Write its limitation,
application and deviation. 4 10 min. 6
2. a) Flame ionization detectors.
b) What are the various factors affect the separation. 4 10 min. 6
of compounds in column chromatography.
3. Discuss the typical conductrometric titration curves
obtained in conductrometric method of analysis and 4 10 min. 6
examine them critically with appropriate examples .
4. Write a note on: (a) Glass electrodes (b) Dropping Mercury
Electrons (DME). 4 10 min. 6
5. Spectrophometric titration. 4 10 min. 6
6. Sample handling in IR spectroscopy. 4 10 min. 6
7. What is Fluorescence? What are the various factors affecting
the fluorescence intensity? 4 10 min. 6
8. What is mass spectrum? Write its principle and different type
of ions produced in that. 4 10 min. 6
9. Write a note on DSC. 4 10 min. 6
10. What is validation? Give a brief account of validation of
analytical methods. 4 10 min. 6
*******
[LC 814] APRIL 2013 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer All questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. Explain the working and components of gas chromatograph with help of a neat,
labeled, schematic block diagram. Write a note on classification, principle, factors
influencing the separation and criteria to perform the Gas chromagraphy.

2. a) Draw an UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer with a neat, labeled,

block diagram and explain its each component operational mode.
b) Why a double beam spectrophotometer gives more precise, reliable
and reproducible results in comparison to a single beam spectrophotometer?
c) What are the factors influencing the absorption of radiant energy?

II. Write notes on: (10 x 6 = 60)

1. Give a brief and comprehensive account of application of conductometry?

2. State Bcer-Lambert’s law. Derive it Write its application, deviation and limitation.

3. Discuss the underlying principle and interfecrence of atomic absorption spectrometry.

4. Name the detectors used in HPLC. Discuss anyone the of them.

5. Differentiate validation and calibration. Give a brief account of validation of

analytical methods.

6. Explain the theory and procedure of DSC.

7. Discuss the fundamental theory of mass spectroscopy.

What are the different ions produced in mass spectrum?

8. What is quenching? What are different type of quenching?

Write a note on factors affecting the fluorescence intensity.

9. Explain the various method of sample handling in IR-Spectroscopy.

10. Give a brief account of :

a) Indicator electrode, b) Polarzable electrode, c) Spectrophotometric titration.

*******
[LD 814] OCTOBER 2013 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 70 marks
Answer All questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)
1. a) Explain the different electronic transitions involved in UV spectrophotometry
with examples.

b) Describe the theory and instrumentation of DSC.

2. a) Explain the principle and instrumentation of IR spectroscopy with a neat diagram.

b) Describe the theory and instrumentation of atomic absorption spectrometry.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 3 = 30)

1. Write a brief note on theoretical aspects of mass spectra.

2. Give a brief account on ICH guidelines.

3. What is ion-exchange chromatography?

List the different types of ion exchange resins used in ion-exchange chromatography.

4. List the detectors used in GLC.

Explain the principle of any one.

5. What is plane polarized light?

Define optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism.

6. Explain any three factors affecting the fluorescence intensity.

7. Explain the working principle of hydrogen electrode with a neat diagram.

8. Write a brief note on conductometric titrations.

9. Write a note on chemical shift.

10. Explain briefly the applications of flame photometry.

*******
[LE 814] APRIL 2014 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 70 marks
Answer All questions
I. Elaborate on: (2 x 20 = 40)

1. a) With a neat labeled diagram, explain the principle and instrumentation of HPLC.

b) Write principle, stationary phase, mobile phase, development techniques and

applications of paper chromatography.

2. a) Describe the theory of IR absorption.

With a neat labeled diagram, explain the instrumentation of IR spectroscopy.
Explain its applications in qualitative analysis of pharmaceuticals.

b) Write the principle involved in NMR and Mass spectroscopy.

II. Write notes on: (10 x 3= 30)

1. Define chromophore, auxochrome and hypsochromic shift.

2. Write the applications of DSC and DTA in Pharmaceutical Analysis.

3. Define GLP, ICH and Validation.

4. What is base peak? List the different types ions produced in mass spectra.

5. List at least three differences between TLC and HPTLC.

6. Discuss briefly about ESR and its application.

7. Write the differences between flame emission and atomic absorption spectroscopy.

8. Define electrode potential. Give example of reference and indicator electrode

used in potentiometry.

9. What do you know about dropping mercury electrode?

Give any two advantages and disadvantages.

10. Write a brief note on quenching.

*******
[LF 814] OCTOBER 2014 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code : 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 marks

I. Elaborate on : (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the working principle and instrumentation of double beam UV-Vis

spectrophotometer with a neat diagram.
2. Describe the principle, various stationary and mobile phases used, development
and detection techniques of TLC.
3. What is electrophoresis? Explain the principle, instrumentation and applications
of gel electrophoresis.
4. Explain the principle and various types of interferences that are encountered
while performing analysis with flame emission spectroscopy.

II. Write notes on : (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Elaborate on the theory of fluorescence. Explain how it can be used for

quantification of pharmaceutical compounds.
2. Explain the various sources and detectors used in IR spectroscopy.
3. Write a note on the theoretical aspects of NMR and ESR.
4. Explain the principle and instrumentation of polarimeter.
5. Write a note on DME and Ilkovic equation.
6. Define Rf value, retention time, HETP, Bathochromic shift and quenching.

*******
[LG 814] APRIL 2015 Sub. Code: 3814

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARM. D) DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code: 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 70 marks
Answer All questions
I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. With a neat labeled diagram, discuss the principle and various components of
IR spectroscopy.

2. Write the principle and various carrier gases used in GLC.

Explain working principle of any two detectors used in GLC with a neat labeled
diagram.

3. Explain the principle and instrumentation of spectrofluorimeter with a neat diagram.

4. Write the theoretical aspects, indicator and reference electrodes used, methods of
detecting end point in potentiometry.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. State and explain fundamental laws of absorption.

Write its deviations and reasons for the deviations.

2. What are amperometric titrations?

Add a note on advantages and applications of amperometric titrations.

3. Write a note on DTA.

4. What is validation? Give a brief account of validation of analytical methods.

5. Describe the principle and various types of ion exchange resins used in ion exchange
chromatography.

6. Explain the principle involved in mass spectroscopy.

List the various types of ions produced in mass spectrum.

*******
[LH 814] OCTOBER 2015 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code : 383814
Time: Three Hours Maximum: 70 marks
Answer ALL questions
I. Elaborate on : (4 x 10 = 40)

1. With a neat labeled diagram, explain the working principle and instrumentation
of HPLC.

2. Explain the principle and instrumentation of AAS.

3. Write in detail the theoretical aspects and applications of NMR.

4. What is thermal analysis? Explain the principle and instrumentation of DSC.

II. Write notes on : (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Explain in detail the various factors affecting fluorescence.

2. Write a note on monochromator and detectors used in UV spectrophotometer.

3. Describe the principle and applications of X-ray diffraction.

4. What are the basic components of HPTLC? Write the advantages and applications
of HPTLC.

5. Write a note on optical rotator dispersion and circular dichroism.

6. Explain the various sample handling techniques adopted in IR spectroscopy.

*******
[LI 814] APRIL 2016 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the theory and instrumentation of Flame Photometry.

2. Explain the electronic transitions in UV Spectroscopy.

3. Write the principle in Ion exchange Chromatography and the types of Ion
exchange Resin.

4. Explain the theory and factors affecting Fluorescent intensity.

II. Write notes on : (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write a note on sample handling techniques in IR.

2. With neat labeled diagram, explain any two GC detectors.
3. Write short notes on Chromophores and Auxochromes.
4. Explain the theory of Gel Filtration Chromatography.
5. Write briefly about ICH guidelines.
6. What is Electrode Potential? Write about reference and indicator Electrode.

********
[LJ 814] OCTOBER 2016 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code : 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the theory and instrumentation of Mass Spectroscopy.

2. What are the sources and types of molecular vibration in IR?

3. What is Chemical Shift and write the factors affecting Chemical Shift.

4. a) Write the preparation of TLC plate, and development techniques in TLC.

b) Write a note on HPTLC.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Explain the theory of Gel Electrophoresis.

2. Define Beers and Lamberts law and derive the equation.
3. Derive Bragg’s law and write its significance.
4. What are the different types of currents in Polarography?
5. Write brief about ISO 9000.
6. Write about the detection techniques in paper Chromatography.

********
[LK 814] MAY 2017 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code : 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the principle and instrumentation of Infrared Spectrophotometer with a

neat diagram.

2. Describe the principle and various components of AAS with a neat diagram.

3. Explain the principle and instrumentation of Spectrofluorimeter with a neat

diagram.

4. What is Electrode Potential? Describe the construction and working of hydrogen

electrode and glass electrode.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write short notes on the various factors affecting the Fluorescence intensity.
2. Explain the principle and applications of Ion exchange Chromatography.
3. Write a note on the theoretical aspects of NMR and ESR.
4. Explain the following terms:
a) Chromophore b) Blue shift c) Rf value
5. Explain the various development techniques and applications of paper
Chromatography.
6. Write brief note on Conductometric titrations.

*********
[LL 814] OCTOBER 2017 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code : 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the principle instrumentation and application of the gas chromatography

with neat diagram.

2. Explain the principle involved in fluorimetric analysis. What is fluorescence

quenching? Explain different types quenching with examples.

3. Compare the principles involved, common features and differences in the

techniques of thin layer chromatography and paper chromatography.

4. Explain the current voltage curve and various currents in polarographic

measurements.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. What are different regions of the Infrared spectrum? Explain various types of
stretching and bending vibrations.
2. What are the different types of ion exchange resins used in ion exchange
chromatography?
3. Explain the conductometric titrations with examples.
4. Give Bragg‘s equation and pharmaceutical applications in X-ray diffraction
technique.
5. Write shortly on differential thermal analysis.
6. Explain the different detectors used in Ultra-violet visible spectrophotometer.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LM 814] MAY 2018 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the theory and instrumentation of Flame Photometry.

2. What is thermal analysis? Explain the principle and instrumentation of DSC.

3. Write principle, stationary phase, mobile phase, development techniques and

applications of paper chromatography.

4. Explain the different electronic transitions involved in UV spectrophotometry

with examples.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write a note on DME and Ilkovic equation.

2. Explain the various sources and detectors used in IR spectroscopy.
3. Classify ion exchange resins basing on their structure.
4. Write a note on optical rotator dispersion and circular dichroism.
5. Explain the theory of Gel Filtration Chromatography.
6. What is validation? Give a brief account of validation of analytical method
development.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LN 814] OCTOBER 2018 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the theory of UV absorption spectroscopy and laws governing the

deviation of laws.
2. Describe ICH guidelines in detail.
3. Discuss the underlying principle of Atomic Emission Spectrometry (AES).
Describe the various components that are essentially involved in AES
instrumentation with the help of a schematic diagram.
4. Write principle, stationary phase, mobile phase, development techniques and
applications of thin layer chromatography.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. What do you know about rotating platinum electrode? Give any two advantages
and disadvantages.
2. What is luminescence and its types?
3. What are the basic components of a HPTLC instrument? Explain the advantages
and application of HPTLC in pharmacy.
4. Write on construction, working principle and advantages of a flame ionization
detector used in gas chromatography.
5. Describe the polarographic principle and factors affecting polarographic
measurements.
6. Give the applications of NMR and ESR spectroscopy.

*********
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LO 814] MAY 2019 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. With a neat schematic diagram, explain the types of Pumps, Solvent Degassing
system and detectors of HPLC.

2. What is electrophoresis? Explain the various methods of paper electrophoresis.

3. Explain the principle of liquid-liquid partition chromatography and write about the
detection techniques in TLC.

4. State Beer’s and Lambert’s law. Explain the effect of solvent on absorption
spectra. Define Auxochrome and hypsochromic shift.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. What are the differences between atomic absorption and flame emission
spectroscopy?
2. Write the theory of NMR Spectroscopy.
3. What is group frequency and finger print region in IR Spectroscopy?
4. What is quenching? Write about the different types of quenching?
5. Distinguish between polarography and amperometry.
6. Explain the principle and instrumentation of polarimeter.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[LP 814] OCTOBER 2019 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. D DEGREE EXAMINATION

(2009-2010 Regulation)
THIRD YEAR
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the construction and working principle of Spectro fluorimeter.

2. Give an account of theory and applications of X-ray diffraction technique.

3. Explain in detail about ion exchange chromatography.

4. What is thermal analysis? Explain the principle and instrumentation of DSC.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write briefly on chemical shift in NMR.

2. What are all the validation parameters performed during method development?
3. Write the interference produced in flame photometer. How will you overcome this
problem?
4. What are the factors affecting electrical conductivity in solution?
5. Describe the various types of vibration in IR.
6. Write the reason for deviation of Beer’s law.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 0321] MARCH 2021 Sub. Code: 3814

(OCTOBER 2020 EXAM SESSION)
PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION
THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code : 383814
Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the concept of statistical quality control.

2. Explain the Principle and types of vibrational frequencies in IR Spectroscopy.
3. Explain the working and construction of
a) Saturated calomel electrode.
b) Silver/Silver chloride electrode.
4. Explain about the gas chromatographic detectors with neat diagrams.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Explain in detail the instrumentation involved in fluorescence.

2. Define HETP, Theoritical plates and Asymmetry factor with formula.
3. Explain the types of ions produced in mass spectrum.
4. What is pretreatment of solid support? Give example.
5. Give reasons
a) Polarographic maxima.
b) Use of supporting electrolyte.
6. Distinguish between HPTLC and TLC.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 3814

(OCTOBER 2021 EXAM SESSION)

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code : 383814

Time : Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Write the theory and applications of UV – Sepectrophotometry.

2. Explain in detail about detector used in gas chromatography.
3. Give an account of principle and types of amprometric titration.
4. Write in detail the theoretical aspects and application of IR spectra.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. How will you prepare and activate TLC Plates?

2. Write in detail about fragmentations in Mass Spectroscopy.
3. Different types of quenching encountered in Fluorimetery.
4. Describe the different types of development techniques in Paper Chromatography.
5. Write a note on total quality management.
6. Explain the different types on Electronic transitions.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 0522] MAY 2022 Sub. Code: 3814

(APRIL 2022 EXAM SESSION)
PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION
THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code : 383814
Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. With a neat schematic diagram, explain the types of Pumps, Solvent Degassing
system and detectors of HPLC.
2. What is electrophoresis? Explain the various methods of paper electrophoresis.
3. Explain the principle of liquid-liquid partition chromatography and write about the
detection techniques in TLC.
4. State Beer’s and lambert’s law. Explain the effect of solvent on absorption spectra.
Define Auxochrome and hypsochromic shift.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. What are the differences between atomic absorption and flame emission
spectroscopy?
2. Write the theory of NMR Spectroscopy.
3. What is group frequency & finger print region in IR Spectroscopy?
4. What is quenching? Write about the different types of quenching?
5. Distinguish between polarography and amperometry.
6. Explain the principle and instrumentation of polarimeter.

*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 1122] NOVEMBER 2022 Sub. Code: 3814

(OCTOBER 2022 EXAM SESSION)

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
Q.P. Code : 383814
Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the reference electrodes in potentiometry. Write the end point detection
and applications of potentiometry.
2. Give the validation parameters of analytical method as per ICH guidelines.
3. Explain the theory and instrumentation of flame photometry.
4. Write the principle and applications of gel electrophoresis.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Define quenching. Explain the various factors affecting the fluorescence intensity.
2. Give the principle and various types of ions produced in mass spectrometry.
3. Draw and explain the various components in UV-Visible double beam
spectrophotometer.
4. Write on construction, working principle and advantages of a thermal conductivity
detector used in gas chromatography.
5. Short notes on dead stop end point technique.
6. Write the interference produced in atomic absorption spectrophotometer. How will
you overcome this problem?
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 0423] APRIL 2023 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Explain the types of currents and applications of polarography.

2. What are the fundamental vibrations in infrared spectroscopy and write the
applications of IRspectroscopy.
3. Describe the instrumentation and applications of gas chromatography.
4. Explain the principle involved in fluorimetric analysis and write the
instrumentation of spectrofluorimeter.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write the principle and applications of X-ray diffraction.

2. Explain the different detectors involved in UV spectrometry with examples.
3. Mention the common adsorbents and mobile phases used in TLC and activation
procedure of TLC plates.
4. Explain in detail the construction and working of glass electrode.
5. Write short notes on ICH.
6. Give the principle and applications of Column chromatography.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 1023] OCTOBER 2023 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Define Electrophoresis. Write the principle of separation, apparatus and types of

Gel Electrophoresis.

2. Write the principle, working, apparatus used and applications of Polarography.

3. (a) Explain the sampling techniques in IR Spectrophotometry.

(b) Write the detectors used in IR Spectrophotometry. Explain about any one of
them.

4. (a) Write a note on Optical Rotary Dispersion.

(b) Write about developmental techniques in TLC.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write a note on ISO 9000.

2. Write the applications of Ion exchange chromatography with suitable examples.
3. How will you determine the moisture content present in the given sample by using
Karl Fischer titration?
4. Define Monochromators. Explain its types.
5. Write a note on Gel filtration chromatography.
6. Write the principle and applications of NMR spectroscopy.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 0424] APRIL 2024 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Write the detectors used in HPLC. Explain with neat labelled diagram.

2. What is conductometric titration? Write the apparatus used and different types of
conductometric titrations with titration curves.

3. (a) State and derive Beer – Lambert’s law.

(b) Write the deviations from Beer’s law.

4. (a) Write a note on Differential Thermal Analysis.

(b) Write the principle of column chromatography and write the factors affecting
column efficiency.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write a note on GLP.

2. Write the principle of Ion exchange chromatography. Write the types of ion
exchangers used in Ion exchange chromatography.
3. Write a note on Potentiometric titrations.
4. Define Chromophores and Auxochromes. Explain their types.
5. Write a note on HPTLC.
6. Write the principle, instrumentation and applications of Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometry.
*******
 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

[PHARMD 1024] OCTOBER 2024 Sub. Code: 3814

PHARM. ‘D’ DEGREE EXAMINATION

THIRD YEAR (2009-2010 Regulation)
PAPER II – PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS

Q.P. Code: 383814

Time: Three hours Answer ALL Questions Maximum: 70 Marks

I. Elaborate on: (4 x 10 = 40)

1. Describe the principle and various components of atomic emission

spectrophotometer with neat diagram.
2. Write the mechanism and applications involved in ion exchange chromatography.
3. Define Beer’s law. Explain the different shifts and application of UV
spectrometry.
4. With a neat diagram, explain the principle and instrumentation of HPLC.

II. Write notes on: (6 x 5 = 30)

1. Write the sources and different regions in infrared spectroscopy.

2. Discuss in detail about Statistical Quality control.
3. Write short notes on chemical shift.
4. How to carry out the redox and complexometric titrations by conductometry?
5. Write the comparison of TLC and HPTLC.
6. Give an account on electrophoresis.
*******