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Sheet 3.2

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26 views2 pages

Sheet 3.2

Uploaded by

Samer Zaki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sheet (3.

2)
Steam Turbine Cycles
Regenerative cycle, combined cycles

1. A steam power plant operates on an ideal regenerative Rankine cycle. Steam


enters the turbine at 6 MPa and 450°C and is condensed in the condenser at
20 kPa. Steam is extracted from the turbine at 0.4 MPa to heat the feedwater
in an open feedwater heater. Water leaves the feedwater heater as a saturated
liquid. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram, and determine (a) the net work
output per kilogram of steam flowing through the boiler and (b) the thermal
efficiency of the cycle.

2. Repeat Prob. 1 by replacing the open feedwater heater with a closed


feedwater heater. Assume that the feedwater leaves the heater at the
condensation temperature of the extracted steam and that the extracted steam
leaves the heater as a saturated liquid and is pumped to the line carrying the
feedwater.

3. Consider an ideal steam regenerative Rankine cycle with two feedwater


heaters, one closed and one open. Steam enters the turbine at 12.5 MPa and
550°C and exhausts to the condenser at 10 kPa. Steam is extracted from the
turbine at 0.8 MPa for the closed feedwater heater and at 0.3 MPa for the
open one. The feedwater is heated to the condensation temperature of the
extracted steam in the closed feedwater heater. The extracted steam leaves
the closed feedwater heater as a saturated liquid, which is subsequently
throttled to the open feedwater heater. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with
respect to saturation lines, and determine (a) the mass flow rate of steam
through the boiler for a net power output of 250 MW and (b) the thermal
efficiency of the cycle.
4. A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat– regenerative Rankine cycle
and has a net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure
turbine at 10 MPa and 550°C and leaves at 0.8 MPa. Some steam is
extracted at this pressure to heat the feedwater in an open feedwater heater.
The rest of the steam is reheated to 500°C and is expanded in the low
pressure turbine to the condenser pressure of 10 kPa. Show the cycle on a T-
s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine (a) the mass flow
rate of steam through the boiler and (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
Answers: (a) 54.5 kg/s, (b) 44.4 percent 7. The gas-turbine portion of a
combined gas–steam power plant has a pressure ratio of 16. Air enters the
compressor at 300 K at a rate of 14 kg/s and is heated to 1500 K in the
combustion chamber. The combustion gases leaving the gas turbine are used
to heat the steam to 400°C at 10 MPa in a heat exchanger. The combustion
gases leave the heat exchanger at 420 K. The steam leaving the turbine is
condensed at 15 kPa. Assuming all the compression and expansion
processes to be isentropic, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam, (b)
the net power output, and (c) the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.
For air, assume constant specific heats at room temperature.

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