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Reading and Writing Files

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Hari K Neelambari
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13 views4 pages

Reading and Writing Files

Uploaded by

Hari K Neelambari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

UNIT V (GE8151 PROBLEM SOLVING AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING)


I. FILES
 File is a named location on disk to store related information. It is used to permanently
store data in a non-volatile memory (e.g. hard disk).
 Since, random access memory (RAM) is volatile which loses its data when computer is
turned off, we use files for future use of the data.
There are many different types of files.
 Data File
 Text File
 Program File
 Directory File
Types of files
Python provides inbuilt functions for creating, writing and reading files.
There are two types of files that can be handled in python,
 Text files
 Binary files (written in binary language,0s and 1s).
1. Text Files:
 Text files are structured as a sequence of lines where each line includes a sequence of
characters.
 Each line is terminated with a special character, called the End of Line character.
Examples for Text files:
 Web standards: html, XML, CSS, JSON etc.
 Source code: c, app, js, py, java etc.
 Documents: txt, tex, RTF etc.
 Tabular data: csv, tsv etc.
 Configuration: ini, cfg, reg etc.
2. Binary files
 All binary files follow a specific format. Because all the binary files will be encoded in the
binary format, which can be understood only by a computer or machine.
 Binary files can only be processed by application.
 For handling such binary files we need a specific type of software to open it.
Binary files can be used to store text, images, audio and video.

GE8151-PROBLEM SOLVING AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Example:
 Executables
 Databases
 Application data
 Configuration files
 Device driver files

FILE OPERATIONS
When the user want to do some operations in the file there is a sequence of steps that should
be followed.
 Open the File
 Read or Write data in the file(perform operation)
 Close the File
1. OPENING A FILE
The open() method
 Python has a built-in function open() to open a file. This function returns a file object
and has two arguments which are file name & opening mode. The opening modes are
reading, writing or appending.
 Syntax:
file_object=open(“filename”, “mode”)

where file_object is the variable to add the object and the mode tells the interpreter which way
the file will be used.
Example
f=open(“E:/Python/text.txt”, ‘r’)
f=open(“E:/Python/text.txt”, ‘w’)
FILE OPENING MODES

S.NO Modes Description

1 r Read Mode: Read mode is used only to read data from the
file.

GE8151-PROBLEM SOLVING AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2 rb Open a file for the read-only mode in the binary format.

3 r+ Opens a file for both reading and writing.

4 rb+ Open a file for read and write only mode in the binary
format.

5 w Write Mode: This mode is used when you want to write


data into the file or modify it. Remember write mode
overwrites the data present in the file.

6 wb Open a file for write only mode in the binary format.

7 w+ Opens a file for both reading and writing.

8 wb+ Opens a file for both writing and reading in binary format.

9 a Append Mode: Append mode is used to append data to the


file. Remember data will be appended at the end of the file
pointer.

10 ab Open a file for appending only mode in the binary format.

11 a+ Append or Read Mode: This mode is used when we want to


read data from the file or append the data into the same
file.

12 ab+ Open a file for appending and read-only mode in the binary
format.

2. CLOSING A FILE
The close() Method
To close a file object we will use close() method. The file gets closed and cannot be used
again for reading and writing.
The close() method of the file object flushes any unwritten information and closes the
file object, after which no more writing can be done.

GE8151-PROBLEM SOLVING AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

GE8151-PROBLEM SOLVING AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING

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