Montilla Boulevard, Butuan City, Caraga, Philippines
Accredited: Association of Christian Schools, Colleges and Universities – ACSCU
Certified: ISO 9001:2015, TUV Rheinland Ref No. DO – CRCF-056
Status: Initial
Date Issued: July 2023
COLLEGE RESEARCH CONCEPT FORM
COLLEGE Saint Joseph Institute of Technology
DEPARTMENT College of Engineering and Architecture
TITLE OF PROPOSED
STUDY Rapid Flooding Dynamics at Saint Joseph Institute of Technology: An
Analysis of Contributing Factors and Mitigation Strategies
NAME OF STUDENT/S Baclayon, Alyanna Ericka B.
Bahala, Ariana
Babano, Rose Ann
Awitin, Joucil
RATIONALE
(State the situation that is
problematic situation, SJIT is probably one of the institutions in Butuan City. This City has been
Discuss the importance experiencing the frequent severe flooding that has characterized the past
and validity of your years. Its potential threats to its infrastructure, students, faculty, and staff keep
research/project), What are the management of SJIT in a state of anxiety. So far, dynamic flooding
the research gaps in the processes at SJIT have negatively impacted on academic and research
scientific literature on your activities, damaged certain property, and has in general resulted in safety
topic? Present initial data concerns in the community. Since impacts of flooding are partly realized
on the magnitude of the through efforts, the actual problem remains, and therefore comprehensive
problem citing the
realization or understanding leading to contributing factors and effective
source/s).
strategies to address this issue.
This present research project aims to explore the rapid flooding dynamics at
SJIT. More specifically, this research tries to identify the factors which underlie
the phenomenon. This is very important because flooding poses a great
threat to educational institutions. This research is exceptional in informing an
evidence-based strategy in mitigating and preparing against floods to ensure
safety and sustainability of SJIT's operations. The basis of this research finds
support within flood dynamics studies that underlie the need to consider even
more complicated relations within hydrological, meteorological, and socio-
economic influences on flooding.
Despite the significant body of research on flooding dynamics, some of the
scientific gaps that relate to subjects on flood dynamics are given below:
1. Limited availability of studies in educational institutes: There is
comparatively a lower number of research works undertaken uniquely based
on educational institutes and flooding-dynamics to point out the factors related
to such an aspect.
2. Human factors not considered in a study: Most of the flood risk analysis
lacks human thought over behavioral response that is related to a flood event
and social network, which is an important aspect of flood dynamics.
3.Institutional resilience not considered appropriately: This study concentrates
on individual and community resilience in the process of getting over the flood
event and tends to overlook the robustness of the institution.
SJIT students, faculty and staffs has witnessed a lot of flood events in the
past months or even years, and those are academic hours lost, students
displaced, faculty members and staffs are affected.
These statistics will provide the various demands for resolute intervention to
handle the quick changes of flooding at SJIT and require the comprehensive
analysis of the potential causes and the mitigation methods.
1
LEGAL BASIS Philippine Disaster Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)
(Legal basis, issuances This Act provides for the development of policies and plans and the
as basis of the proposed implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of disaster
study). risk reduction and management, including good governance, risk assessment
and early warning, knowledge building and awareness raising, reducing
underlying risk factors, and preparedness for effective response and early
recovery.
Section 2(e) of RA 10121 states "Develop, promote, and implement a
comprehensive National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan
(NDRRMP) that aims to strengthen the capacity of the national government
and the local government units (LGUs), together with partner stakeholders, to
build the disaster resilience of communities, and to institutionalize
arrangements and measures for reducing disaster risks, including projected
climate risks, and enhancing disaster preparedness and response capabilities
at all levels".
Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160)
Local Government Unit (LGUs) are mandated to promote general welfare of
their residents, which includes implementing programs and projects such as
disaster risk management, environmental protection, sustainable
development, and community development. LGUs are responsible for the
maintenance and development of infrastructure that can affect flooding, such
as drainage systems, flood control structures, and roads.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6613
Section 1. "It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State to adopt a
typhoon moderation and flood control research and development program for
moderating typhoons by reducing their intensity and minimizing the
destructive effects of floods, rains and droughts through scientific means, for
the purpose of preventing widespread devastation to property and protecting
the people and security of the nation".
EMPIRICAL Flash flood mitigation: recommendations for research and applications
EVIDENCE/LITERATURE Burrell E Montz, Eve Gruntfest
SUPPORT THAT INDEED Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards 4 (1), 15-22,
THE RESEARCH HAS 2002
BASIS (cite at least 6 It emphasis on increasing understanding of the social processes involved in
documented evidence flash flood warning, particularly in the response phases, and (2) the need to
with support citation) reduce vulnerability in sustainable ways compatible with long-term economic
and social goals. The relationship between hydrometeorology and social
science is seen as critical to advancing our abilities to cope with flash floods.
Modeling temporal accessibility of an urban road network during an
extreme pluvial flood event
Robert L Miller
Natural Hazards Review 23 (4), 04022032, 2022
The findings suggest that the main evacuation points enjoy a greater degree
of accessibility compared to medical facilities within the urban core of the city
during the flood peak. Significant improvements in network accessibility can
be made by targeted mitigation of specifically flood-prone roadway segments.
However, the analysis demonstrates the adverse impacts of such mitigation
activities in low-gradient urban floodplain systems when implementing routine
drainage compensation steps. The approach provides key insights into the
role played by pluvial flooding and flood duration on network accessibility and
can help inform emergency response and transportation systems planning
and design efforts.
A review on applications of urban flood models in flood mitigation
strategies
Wenchao Qi, Chao Ma, Hongshi Xu, Zifan Chen, Kai Zhao, Hao Han
Natural Hazards 108, 31-62, A review on applications of urban flood models in
2
flood mitigation strategies
Wenchao Qi, Chao Ma, Hongshi Xu, Zifan Chen, Kai Zhao, Hao Han
Natural Hazards 108, 31-62, 2021
As a result of climate change, urban areas are increasingly vulnerable to
flooding, which can cause devastating effects, both in terms of loss of life and
property. Therefore, an accurate assessment of urban flood processes and
improved pre-disaster mitigation strategies in threatened areas is essential.
Urban flood modeling enables users to understand, assess, and forecast
flood conditions as well as their impact. For effective flood modeling,
especially in highly urbanized floodplains, model selection based on the
contextual requirements is a challenge. This review provides a systematic
overview of the application of urban flood modeling approaches from the
perspective of urban flood strategy design sequences.
Flood hazard assessment in areas prone to flash flooding
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
KvoÄka, Davor; Falconer, Roger A.; Bray, Michaela
2016-04-01
Flash floods are among the most unpredictable, violent and fatal natural
hazards in the world. Furthermore, it is expected that flash flooding will occur
even more frequently in the future due to more frequent development of
extreme weather events, which will greatly increase the danger to people
caused by flash flooding. This being the case, there will be a need for high
resolution flood hazard maps in areas susceptible to flash flooding. This study
investigates what type of flood hazard assessment methods should be used
for assessing the flood hazard to people caused by flash flooding. Two
different types of flood hazard assessment methods were tested: (i) a widely
used method based on an empirical analysis, and (ii) a new, physically based
and experimentally calibrated method.
Assessment of Vulnerability to Extreme Flash Floods in Design Storms
PubMed Central
Kim, Eung Seok; Choi, Hyun Il
2011-01-01
There has been an increase in the occurrence of sudden local flooding of
great volume and short duration caused by heavy or excessive rainfall
intensity over a small area, which presents the greatest potential danger
threat to the natural environment, human life, public health and property, etc.
Such flash floods have rapid runoff and debris flow that rises quickly with little
or no advance warning to prevent flood damage.This study is an initial effort
to quantify the flash flood severity of design storms for both existing and
planned flood control facilities to cope with residual flood risks due to extreme
flash floods that have ocurred frequently in recent years.
According from literature, rapid flooding is influenced by a variety of
factors such as urbanization, inadequate drainage, topography, and
climate change. To address the risks caused by fast flooding at Saint
Joseph Institute of Technology, a comprehensive approach involving
infrastructure enhancements, urban flood modeling, network
accessibility,sustainable urban planning, early warning systems, empirical
analysis, a new physically based and experimental calibrated
method,map, understanding the relationship between hydrometeorology
and social science, and community education is required. Institutions can
protect their infrastructure and limit the damage caused by fast flooding
by addressing these contributing variables and executing effective
mitigation techniques.
3
RESEARCH The findings of this study will have quality and valuable insights for the
UTILIZATION/ beneficiaries and benefits from the result.
BENEFICIARIES
SJIT Administration
(Who and how can they
benefit from the results of The administration can implement improvements to pathways within the
the study?) Include direct affected school area and informed policies based on the study's findings.
and indirect beneficiaries) Provide an alternate plan ensuring the safety of students and staff and
enhanced preparedness and resilience to flooding. Minimizing disruptions to
academic activities.
Students and Faculty
The study increased awareness of flooding risk and safety protocol. Improved
safety and accessibility during adverse weather conditions foster a conducive
learning environment.
Local Government Units (LGUs)
Insights into localized flooding dynamics can inform urban planning and
disaster risk management strategies and plans that will help them generate
new drainage system plans.
Community Residents
The findings can guide community-based initiatives focused on flood
mitigation and preparedness. Increased community awareness and resilience,
promoting collaborative efforts to address flooding challenges.
Environmental and Urban Planner
Data-driven insights on flood dynamics will assist planners in creating
sustainable land-use policies and effective drainage systems. Enhanced
urban design that accounts for climate change and flooding risks, leading to
more sustainable environments.
Future Researchers and Academic
This study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on urban flooding,
particularly in educational settings. Establishment of a foundation for further
research, encouraging deeper exploration into localized flooding phenomena.
APPROACH/ DESIGN The proposed study on "Rapid Flooding Dynamics at Saint Joseph Institute of
(How will the study be Technology: An Analysis of Contributing Factors" will employ a mixed-
conducted?) methods approach of Case Study, Qualitative, and Quantitative Methods to
provide a comprehensive understanding to the research topic.
A case study will allow indepth understanding to the rapid flooding dynamics
at Saint Joseph Institute of Technology and will result to a possible
contribution to the potential mitigation strategies.
Qualitative methods such as interviews and surveys will be utilized to gather
insights from students, faculty, staff and local community .
Additionally, quantitative methods will be employed to collect and analyze
data. Just like observational data to identify the patterns and themes related
to the contributing factors of the rapid flooding.
RESULTS The study aims to gain the following expected results from the study's
(What are the expected findings:
outputs of the study?) Will
the study provide policy, A detailed report identifying the key factors contributing to rapid flooding at
project, and program Saint Joseph Institute of Technology, including geographic, hydrological, and
recommendations? urban development elements. GIS-based maps illustrate flood-prone areas
within and around the SJIT campus, highlighting regions most vulnerable to
flooding events. Evaluation of existing flood management practices at SJIT
and local community responses, identifying strengths and weaknesses.
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Insights gathered from student and faculty surveys and interviews, capturing
perceptions of flooding risks and current mitigation efforts.
Policy, Project, and Program Recommendations
Recommendations and proposals for enhancing drainage systems and
developing green infrastructure, such as rain gardens and permeable
surfaces, to manage run-off water effectively. Emergency preparedness plans
for comprehensive flood response and evacuation plans tailored specifically
for SJIT, ensuring readiness during unexpected heavy rainfall. Suggestions
for a collaboration framework between SJIT, local government units, and
community organizations to foster a collaborative approach to flood
management.
ACTION TAKEN BY THE COLLEGE
Remarks Signature Date Signed
Research Faculty
Research Coordinator
Recommended Panel
Members
Dean’s Remarks
Note:
1. This form should be filled up before the Research Proposal.
2. The College shall maintain a copy for monitoring purposes.
3. The Office of the VPARE shall be furnished with a copy prior to the research proposal
development.
Cc: Dean
VPARE
