QUANTUM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE

Look deep into the nature and understand everything

CHAPTER TEST- ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE DATE-31STDEC. 2024
A.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS(6):-
1. An electric dipole of moment p is placed parallel to the uniform electric field. The amount of work done in rotating
the dipole by 90° is:-
(a) 2pE (b) pE (c)pE/2 (d) zero
2. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of dielectric constant K the force of attraction between two charges Q1
and Q2 separated by a finite distance d:
(a) decreases K times (b) increases K times (c) remains unchanged (d) decreases 2K time
3. Four positive charges of equal magnitude are organized into a square with a side length a. What is the Electric
Potential at the centre of the square?
4√2𝑘𝑞2 𝐾𝑞2 2√2𝑘𝑞
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
4. Drops each having the capacity C and potential V are combined to form a big drop. If the charge on the small drop is
q, then the charge on the big drop will be
(a) 2q (b) 4q (c) 16q (d) 64q.
5. A capacitor is charged by a battery. The battery is removed and another identical uncharged capacitor is connected in
parallel. The total electrostatic energy of resulting system
(a) increases by a factor of 4. (b) Decreases by a factor of 2. (c) Remains the same. (d) Increases by a factor of 2
𝑎 𝑏
6. The potential energy between two atoms in a molecule, is given as U(x) − where a, b are constants and x is
=𝑥 12 𝑥6
distance between atoms then equilibrium is established when:
(a) x=0 (b) x={a/2b}1/6 (c) x={2a/b}1/6 (d) x={11a/5b}1/6
B.VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS(5):-
1. A point charge +Q is placed at point O as shown in the figure. Is the potential difference (VA – VB) positive,
negative or zero?
2. A capacitor is made of two circular plates of radius R each, separated by a distance
d<<R. The capacitor is connected to a constant voltage. A thin conducting disc of radius r <<R and
thickness t<<r is placed at a centre of the bottom plate. Find the minimum voltage required to lift the disc
if the mass of the disc is m.
3. Find the charge on the Capacitor as shown in the circuit.

4. What is electrostatic shielding? How is this property used in actual practice?

Is the potential in the cavity of a charged conductor zero?.
5. What is the capacitance of the earth?
C. Assertion-Reason (A-R) (2)
1. In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion
(A) is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason (R). Select the correct answers to codes (a), (b), (c) or
(d) as given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
i). Assertion (A): Electrons move away from a low potential to high potential region
Reason (R): Because electron have negative charge q.
ii). Assertion (A): - If the distance between parallel plates of a capacitor is halved and dielectric constant is made
three times, then the capacitance becomes 6 times.
Reason (R): - Capacity of the capacitor does not depend upon the nature of the material
D. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (15):-
1. Two point charges +3 µC and -3 µC are placed at point A and B, 5 cm apart. (A) Draw the equipotential
surfaces of the system. (B) Why do equipotential surfaces get close to each other near the point charge?
2. Calculate potential energy of a point charge –q placed along the axis due to a charge +Q uniformly
distributed along a ring of radius R. Sketch P.E. as a function of axial distance z from the centre of the
ring. Looking at graph, can you see what would happen if –q is displaced slightly from the centre of the
ring (along the axis)?
3. Obtain an expression for the common potential and lose in energy in the combining of the capacitors.
4. A 600 pF capacitor is charged by a 200 V supply. If is then disconnected from the supply and is connected
to anther uncharged 600 pF capacitor. How much electrostatics energy is lost in the process?
 QUANTUM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
Look deep into the nature and understand everything
CHAPTER TEST- ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE DATE-31STDEC. 2024
F.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (10)
1. You may have studied in your earlier classes that during thunderstorms the best place to hide from lightning strikes is
inside a car. The reason being that a car is generally made of metal sheet and in case of a lightning strike the charges
so deposited on the car remains on the outer surface of the car and moves through the surface to the ground thereby
saving anyone inside. This is a practical application of electrostatic shielding.
(A) Which of the following can be used to make an electrostatic shield?
(a) Plastic (c) Copper (b) Wood (d) All of these
(B) Why is E = 0, V = constant inside a conductor?
(C) Which among (i) and (ii) will be a better car to be in when
thunderstorm strikes?
(D) How are sensitive devices protected from electric disturbance?
(E) Potential at the point of a pointed conductor is greater than the
other points on surface. Is the given statement true or false?

2. An electric potential is the amount of work needed to move a unit of electric charge
from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field without producing an
acceleration. Typically, the reference point is the Earth or a point at infinity, although
any point can be used. This value can be calculated in either a static (time - invariant)
or a dynamic (varying with time) electric field at a specific time in units of joules per
Coulomb (JC–1), or volts (v). The electric potential at infinity is assumed to be zero.

(A) In bringing an electron towards another electron, the electrostatic potential energy
of the system:
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains uncharged (d) becomes zero

(B) Some charge is being given to conductor. Then, its potential:

(a) is maximum at surface (b) is maximum at centre
(c) remains the same throughout the conductor (d) is maximum somewhere between surface and centre.

(C) A point charge +q is placed at the origin O. What is the work done in taking another point charge –Q from the point
A (0, a) to another point B (a, 0) along the straight path AB?

(D) Two charge q1 and q2 are placed 30 cm apart as shown in the figure. A third charge q3 is moved along the circular
path of radius 40 cm from C to D. The change in the q3 potential energy of the system is
𝑞3
value of k?
4𝜋𝜖

(a)8q1 (b)6q1 (c)8q2 (d)6q2

(E)The electric potential at a point (x, y) in (x – y) plane is given by v = –xy. The field
intensity at a distance r from origin varies as

(a) 2 (b)r (c) 1/r (d) 1/r2