Statistical Tables

Table 1: Binomial Distribution Table

¯
Percentage point P (X ≤ r) for binomial distribution with parameters n and p.
Blank entries are 0.0000 or 1.0000 as appropriate.

p 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

n r
2 0 0.8100 0.6400 0.4900 0.3600 0.2500 0.1600 0.0900 0.0400 0.0100
1 0.9900 0.9600 0.9100 0.8400 0.7500 0.6400 0.5100 0.3600 0.1900
2 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

3 0 0.7290 0.5120 0.3430 0.2160 0.1250 0.0640 0.0270 0.0080 0.0010

1 0.9720 0.8960 0.7840 0.6480 0.5000 0.3520 0.2160 0.1040 0.0280
2 0.9990 0.9920 0.9730 0.9360 0.8750 0.7840 0.6570 0.4880 0.2710
3 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

4 0 0.6561 0.4096 0.2401 0.1296 0.0625 0.0256 0.0081 0.0016 0.0001

1 0.9477 0.8192 0.6517 0.4752 0.3125 0.1792 0.0837 0.0272 0.0037
2 0.9963 0.9728 0.9163 0.8208 0.6875 0.5248 0.3483 0.1808 0.0523
3 0.9999 0.9984 0.9919 0.9744 0.9375 0.8704 0.7599 0.5904 0.3439
4 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

5 0 0.5905 0.3277 0.1681 0.0778 0.0313 0.0102 0.0024 0.0003 0.0000

1 0.9185 0.7373 0.5282 0.3370 0.1875 0.0870 0.0308 0.0067 0.0005
2 0.9914 0.9421 0.8369 0.6826 0.5000 0.3174 0.1631 0.0579 0.0086
3 0.9995 0.9933 0.9692 0.9130 0.8125 0.6630 0.4718 0.2627 0.0815
4 1.0000 0.9997 0.9976 0.9898 0.9688 0.9222 0.8319 0.6723 0.4095
5 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

6 0 0.5314 0.2621 0.1176 0.0467 0.0156 0.0041 0.0007 0.0001 0.0000

1 0.8857 0.6554 0.4202 0.2333 0.1094 0.0410 0.0109 0.0016 0.0001
2 0.9842 0.9011 0.7443 0.5443 0.3438 0.1792 0.0705 0.0170 0.0013
3 0.9987 0.9830 0.9295 0.8208 0.6563 0.4557 0.2557 0.0989 0.0159
4 0.9999 0.9984 0.9891 0.9590 0.8906 0.7667 0.5798 0.3446 0.1143
5 1.0000 0.9999 0.9993 0.9959 0.9844 0.9533 0.8824 0.7379 0.4686
6 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

7 0 0.4783 0.2097 0.0824 0.0280 0.0078 0.0016 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000

1 0.8503 0.5767 0.3294 0.1586 0.0625 0.0188 0.0038 0.0004 0.0000
2 0.9743 0.8520 0.6471 0.4199 0.2266 0.0963 0.0288 0.0047 0.0002
3 0.9973 0.9667 0.8740 0.7102 0.5000 0.2898 0.1260 0.0333 0.0027
4 0.9998 0.9953 0.9712 0.9037 0.7734 0.5801 0.3529 0.1480 0.0257
5 1.0000 0.9996 0.9962 0.9812 0.9375 0.8414 0.6706 0.4233 0.1497
6 1.0000 0.9998 0.9984 0.9922 0.9720 0.9176 0.7903 0.5217
7 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

1
 Table 1: Binomial Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (X ≤ r) for binomial distribution with parameters n and p.
Blank entries are 0.0000 or 1.0000 as appropriate.

p 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

n r
8 0 0.4305 0.1678 0.0576 0.0168 0.0039 0.0007 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
1 0.8131 0.5033 0.2553 0.1064 0.0352 0.0085 0.0013 0.0001 0.0000
2 0.9619 0.7969 0.5518 0.3154 0.1445 0.0498 0.0113 0.0012 0.0000
3 0.9950 0.9437 0.8059 0.5941 0.3633 0.1737 0.0580 0.0104 0.0004
4 0.9996 0.9896 0.9420 0.8263 0.6367 0.4059 0.1941 0.0563 0.0050
5 1.0000 0.9988 0.9887 0.9502 0.8555 0.6846 0.4482 0.2031 0.0381
6 0.9999 0.9987 0.9915 0.9648 0.8936 0.7447 0.4967 0.1869
7 1.0000 0.9999 0.9993 0.9961 0.9832 0.9424 0.8322 0.5695
8 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

9 0 0.3874 0.1342 0.0404 0.0101 0.0020 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

1 0.7748 0.4362 0.1960 0.0705 0.0195 0.0038 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.9470 0.7382 0.4628 0.2318 0.0898 0.0250 0.0043 0.0003 0.0000
3 0.9917 0.9144 0.7297 0.4826 0.2539 0.0994 0.0253 0.0031 0.0001
4 0.9991 0.9804 0.9012 0.7334 0.5000 0.2666 0.0988 0.0196 0.0009
5 0.9999 0.9969 0.9747 0.9006 0.7461 0.5174 0.2703 0.0856 0.0083
6 1.0000 0.9997 0.9957 0.9750 0.9102 0.7682 0.5372 0.2618 0.0530
7 1.0000 0.9996 0.9962 0.9805 0.9295 0.8040 0.5638 0.2252
8 1.0000 0.9997 0.9980 0.9899 0.9596 0.8658 0.6126
9 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

10 0 0.3487 0.1074 0.0282 0.0060 0.0010 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

1 0.7361 0.3758 0.1493 0.0464 0.0107 0.0017 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.9298 0.6778 0.3828 0.1673 0.0547 0.0123 0.0016 0.0001 0.0000
3 0.9872 0.8791 0.6496 0.3823 0.1719 0.0548 0.0106 0.0009 0.0000
4 0.9984 0.9672 0.8497 0.6331 0.3770 0.1662 0.0473 0.0064 0.0001
5 0.9999 0.9936 0.9527 0.8338 0.6230 0.3669 0.1503 0.0328 0.0016
6 1.0000 0.9991 0.9894 0.9452 0.8281 0.6177 0.3504 0.1209 0.0128
7 0.9999 0.9984 0.9877 0.9453 0.8327 0.6172 0.3222 0.0702
8 1.0000 0.9999 0.9983 0.9893 0.9536 0.8507 0.6242 0.2639
9 1.0000 0.9999 0.9990 0.9940 0.9718 0.8926 0.6513
10 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

2
 Table 1: Binomial Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (X ≤ r) for binomial distribution with parameters n and p.
Blank entries are 0.0000 or 1.0000 as appropriate.

p 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

n r
11 0 0.3138 0.0859 0.0198 0.0036 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
1 0.6974 0.3221 0.1130 0.0302 0.0059 0.0007 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.9104 0.6174 0.3127 0.1189 0.0327 0.0059 0.0006 0.0000 0.0000
3 0.9815 0.8389 0.5696 0.2963 0.1133 0.0293 0.0043 0.0002 0.0000
4 0.9972 0.9496 0.7897 0.5328 0.2744 0.0994 0.0216 0.0020 0.0000
5 0.9997 0.9883 0.9218 0.7535 0.5000 0.2465 0.0782 0.0117 0.0003
6 1.0000 0.9980 0.9784 0.9006 0.7256 0.4672 0.2103 0.0504 0.0028
7 0.9998 0.9957 0.9707 0.8867 0.7037 0.4304 0.1611 0.0185
8 1.0000 0.9994 0.9941 0.9673 0.8811 0.6873 0.3826 0.0896
9 1.0000 0.9993 0.9941 0.9698 0.8870 0.6779 0.3026
10 1.0000 0.9995 0.9964 0.9802 0.9141 0.6862
11 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

12 0 0.2824 0.0687 0.0138 0.0022 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

1 0.6590 0.2749 0.0850 0.0196 0.0032 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.8891 0.5583 0.2528 0.0834 0.0193 0.0028 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000
3 0.9744 0.7946 0.4925 0.2253 0.0730 0.0153 0.0017 0.0001 0.0000
4 0.9957 0.9274 0.7237 0.4382 0.1938 0.0573 0.0095 0.0006 0.0000
5 0.9995 0.9806 0.8822 0.6652 0.3872 0.1582 0.0386 0.0039 0.0001
6 0.9999 0.9961 0.9614 0.8418 0.6128 0.3348 0.1178 0.0194 0.0005
7 1.0000 0.9994 0.9905 0.9427 0.8062 0.5618 0.2763 0.0726 0.0043
8 0.9999 0.9983 0.9847 0.9270 0.7747 0.5075 0.2054 0.0256
9 1.0000 0.9998 0.9972 0.9807 0.9166 0.7472 0.4417 0.1109
10 1.0000 0.9997 0.9968 0.9804 0.9150 0.7251 0.3410
11 1.0000 0.9998 0.9978 0.9862 0.9313 0.7176
12 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

3
 Table 2: Standard Normal Distribution Table
¯
Lower tail probability P (Z < z) where Z follows a standard normal distribution.
−3 −2 −1 0 1 z 2 3

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 0.5000 0.5040 0.5080 0.5120 0.5160 0.5199 0.5239 0.5279 0.5319 0.5359
0.1 0.5398 0.5438 0.5478 0.5517 0.5557 0.5596 0.5636 0.5675 0.5714 0.5753
0.2 0.5793 0.5832 0.5871 0.5910 0.5948 0.5987 0.6026 0.6064 0.6103 0.6141
0.3 0.6179 0.6217 0.6255 0.6293 0.6331 0.6368 0.6406 0.6443 0.6480 0.6517
0.4 0.6554 0.6591 0.6628 0.6664 0.6700 0.6736 0.6772 0.6808 0.6844 0.6879
0.5 0.6915 0.6950 0.6985 0.7019 0.7054 0.7088 0.7123 0.7157 0.7190 0.7224
0.6 0.7257 0.7291 0.7324 0.7357 0.7389 0.7422 0.7454 0.7486 0.7517 0.7549
0.7 0.7580 0.7611 0.7642 0.7673 0.7704 0.7734 0.7764 0.7794 0.7823 0.7852
0.8 0.7881 0.7910 0.7939 0.7967 0.7995 0.8023 0.8051 0.8078 0.8106 0.8133
0.9 0.8159 0.8186 0.8212 0.8238 0.8264 0.8289 0.8315 0.8340 0.8365 0.8389
1.0 0.8413 0.8438 0.8461 0.8485 0.8508 0.8531 0.8554 0.8577 0.8599 0.8621
1.1 0.8643 0.8665 0.8686 0.8708 0.8729 0.8749 0.8770 0.8790 0.8810 0.8830
1.2 0.8849 0.8869 0.8888 0.8907 0.8925 0.8944 0.8962 0.8980 0.8997 0.9015
1.3 0.9032 0.9049 0.9066 0.9082 0.9099 0.9115 0.9131 0.9147 0.9162 0.9177
1.4 0.9192 0.9207 0.9222 0.9236 0.9251 0.9265 0.9279 0.9292 0.9306 0.9319
1.5 0.9332 0.9345 0.9357 0.9370 0.9382 0.9394 0.9406 0.9418 0.9429 0.9441
1.6 0.9452 0.9463 0.9474 0.9484 0.9495 0.9505 0.9515 0.9525 0.9535 0.9545
1.7 0.9554 0.9564 0.9573 0.9582 0.9591 0.9599 0.9608 0.9616 0.9625 0.9633
1.8 0.9641 0.9649 0.9656 0.9664 0.9671 0.9678 0.9686 0.9693 0.9699 0.9706
1.9 0.9713 0.9719 0.9726 0.9732 0.9738 0.9744 0.9750 0.9756 0.9761 0.9767
2.0 0.9772 0.9778 0.9783 0.9788 0.9793 0.9798 0.9803 0.9808 0.9812 0.9817
2.1 0.9821 0.9826 0.9830 0.9834 0.9838 0.9842 0.9846 0.9850 0.9854 0.9857
2.2 0.9861 0.9864 0.9868 0.9871 0.9875 0.9878 0.9881 0.9884 0.9887 0.9890
2.3 0.9893 0.9896 0.9898 0.9901 0.9904 0.9906 0.9909 0.9911 0.9913 0.9916
2.4 0.9918 0.9920 0.9922 0.9925 0.9927 0.9929 0.9931 0.9932 0.9934 0.9936
2.5 0.9938 0.9940 0.9941 0.9943 0.9945 0.9946 0.9948 0.9949 0.9951 0.9952
2.6 0.9953 0.9955 0.9956 0.9957 0.9959 0.9960 0.9961 0.9962 0.9963 0.9964
2.7 0.9965 0.9966 0.9967 0.9968 0.9969 0.9970 0.9971 0.9972 0.9973 0.9974
2.8 0.9974 0.9975 0.9976 0.9977 0.9977 0.9978 0.9979 0.9979 0.9980 0.9981
2.9 0.9981 0.9982 0.9982 0.9983 0.9984 0.9984 0.9985 0.9985 0.9986 0.9986
3.0 0.9987 0.9987 0.9987 0.9988 0.9988 0.9989 0.9989 0.9989 0.9990 0.9990
3.1 0.9990 0.9991 0.9991 0.9991 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9993 0.9993
3.2 0.9993 0.9993 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9995 0.9995 0.9995
3.3 0.9995 0.9995 0.9995 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9997
3.4 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9998
3.5 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998 0.9998
3.6 0.9998 0.9998 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999
3.7 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999 0.9999
3.8 0.99993 0.99993 0.99993 0.99994 0.99994 0.99994 0.99994 0.99995 0.99995 0.99995
3.9 0.99995 0.99995 0.99996 0.99996 0.99996 0.99996 0.99996 0.99996 0.99997 0.99997
4.0 0.99997

4
 Table 3: Student’s t Distribution Table
¯
Percentage point P (tν > t) = p for Student’s t-distribution with ν degree of freedom. −3 −2 −1 0 1 t 2 3

p 0.25 0.1 0.05 0.025 0.01 0.005 0.001

ν
1 1.000 3.078 6.314 12.706 31.821 63.656 318.289
2 0.816 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 22.328
3 0.765 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 10.214
4 0.741 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 7.173
5 0.727 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 5.894

6 0.718 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.208

7 0.711 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 4.785
8 0.706 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 4.501
9 0.703 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.297
10 0.700 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.144

11 0.697 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.025

12 0.695 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 3.930
13 0.694 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 3.852
14 0.692 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 3.787
15 0.691 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 3.733

16 0.690 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 3.686

17 0.689 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.646
18 0.688 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.610
19 0.688 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.579
20 0.687 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.552

21 0.686 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.527

22 0.686 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.505
23 0.685 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.485
24 0.685 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.467
25 0.684 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.450

26 0.684 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.435

27 0.684 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.421
28 0.683 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.408
29 0.683 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.396
30 0.683 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.385

35 0.682 1.306 1.690 2.030 2.438 2.724 3.340

40 0.681 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 3.307
45 0.680 1.301 1.679 2.014 2.412 2.690 3.281
50 0.679 1.299 1.676 2.009 2.403 2.678 3.261
120 0.677 1.289 1.658 1.980 2.358 2.617 3.160

∞ 0.674 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.090

5
 Table 4: Chi-square Distribution Table
¯
Percentage point P (χν > x) = p for χ2 distribution with ν degree of freedom.
2
0 x

p 0.99 0.975 0.95 0.9 0.1 0.05 0.025 0.01

ν
1 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.016 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.635
2 0.020 0.051 0.103 0.211 4.605 5.991 7.378 9.210
3 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.584 6.251 7.815 9.348 11.345
4 0.297 0.484 0.711 1.064 7.779 9.488 11.143 13.277
5 0.554 0.831 1.145 1.610 9.236 11.070 12.832 15.086

6 0.872 1.237 1.635 2.204 10.645 12.592 14.449 16.812

7 1.239 1.690 2.167 2.833 12.017 14.067 16.013 18.475
8 1.647 2.180 2.733 3.490 13.362 15.507 17.535 20.090
9 2.088 2.700 3.325 4.168 14.684 16.919 19.023 21.666
10 2.558 3.247 3.940 4.865 15.987 18.307 20.483 23.209

11 3.053 3.816 4.575 5.578 17.275 19.675 21.920 24.725

12 3.571 4.404 5.226 6.304 18.549 21.026 23.337 26.217
13 4.107 5.009 5.892 7.041 19.812 22.362 24.736 27.688
14 4.660 5.629 6.571 7.790 21.064 23.685 26.119 29.141
15 5.229 6.262 7.261 8.547 22.307 24.996 27.488 30.578

16 5.812 6.908 7.962 9.312 23.542 26.296 28.845 32.000

17 6.408 7.564 8.672 10.085 24.769 27.587 30.191 33.409
18 7.015 8.231 9.390 10.865 25.989 28.869 31.526 34.805
19 7.633 8.907 10.117 11.651 27.204 30.144 32.852 36.191
20 8.260 9.591 10.851 12.443 28.412 31.410 34.170 37.566

21 8.897 10.283 11.591 13.240 29.615 32.671 35.479 38.932

22 9.542 10.982 12.338 14.041 30.813 33.924 36.781 40.289
23 10.196 11.689 13.091 14.848 32.007 35.172 38.076 41.638
24 10.856 12.401 13.848 15.659 33.196 36.415 39.364 42.980
25 11.524 13.120 14.611 16.473 34.382 37.652 40.646 44.314

26 12.198 13.844 15.379 17.292 35.563 38.885 41.923 45.642

27 12.878 14.573 16.151 18.114 36.741 40.113 43.195 46.963
28 13.565 15.308 16.928 18.939 37.916 41.337 44.461 48.278
29 14.256 16.047 17.708 19.768 39.087 42.557 45.722 49.588
30 14.953 16.791 18.493 20.599 40.256 43.773 46.979 50.892

40 22.164 24.433 26.509 29.051 51.805 55.758 59.342 63.691

50 29.707 32.357 34.764 37.689 63.167 67.505 71.420 76.154
60 37.485 40.482 43.188 46.459 74.397 79.082 83.298 88.379
70 45.442 48.758 51.739 55.329 85.527 90.531 95.023 100.425
80 53.540 57.153 60.391 64.278 96.578 101.879 106.629 112.329

90 61.754 65.647 69.126 73.291 107.565 113.145 118.136 124.116

100 70.065 74.222 77.929 82.358 118.498 124.342 129.561 135.807

6
 Table 5: F Distribution Table
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
1 0.900 39.9 49.5 53.6 55.8 57.2 58.2 58.9 59.4 59.9 60.2 60.5 60.7 60.9 61.1 61.2 61.7 62.3 62.7 63.3
0.950 161 199 216 225 230 234 237 239 241 242 243 244 245 245 246 248 250 252 254
0.975 648 799 864 900 922 937 948 957 963 969 973 977 980 983 985 993 1001 1008 1018

2 0.900 8.53 9.00 9.16 9.24 9.29 9.33 9.35 9.37 9.38 9.39 9.40 9.41 9.41 9.42 9.42 9.44 9.46 9.47 9.49
0.950 18.5 19.0 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.5 19.5
0.975 38.5 39.0 39.2 39.2 39.3 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.5
0.990 98.5 99.0 99.2 99.3 99.3 99.3 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.5
0.995 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199
0.999 998 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999 999

3 0.900 5.54 5.46 5.39 5.34 5.31 5.28 5.27 5.25 5.24 5.23 5.22 5.22 5.21 5.20 5.20 5.18 5.17 5.15 5.13
0.950 10.1 9.55 9.28 9.12 9.01 8.94 8.89 8.85 8.81 8.79 8.76 8.74 8.73 8.71 8.70 8.66 8.62 8.58 8.53
0.975 17.4 16.0 15.4 15.1 14.9 14.7 14.6 14.5 14.5 14.4 14.4 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 14.2 14.1 14.0 13.9
0.990 34.1 30.8 29.5 28.7 28.2 27.9 27.7 27.5 27.3 27.2 27.1 27.1 27.0 26.9 26.9 26.7 26.5 26.4 26.1
0.995 55.6 49.8 47.5 46.2 45.4 44.8 44.4 44.1 43.9 43.7 43.5 43.4 43.3 43.2 43.1 42.8 42.5 42.2 41.8
0.999 167 148 141 137 135 133 132 131 130 129 129 128 128 128 127 126 125 125 123

4 0.900 4.54 4.32 4.19 4.11 4.05 4.01 3.98 3.95 3.94 3.92 3.91 3.90 3.89 3.88 3.87 3.84 3.82 3.80 3.76
0.950 7.71 6.94 6.59 6.39 6.26 6.16 6.09 6.04 6.00 5.96 5.94 5.91 5.89 5.87 5.86 5.80 5.75 5.70 5.63
0.975 12.2 10.6 9.98 9.60 9.36 9.20 9.07 8.98 8.90 8.84 8.79 8.75 8.72 8.68 8.66 8.56 8.46 8.38 8.26
0.990 21.2 18.0 16.7 16.0 15.5 15.2 15.0 14.8 14.7 14.5 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.2 14.0 13.8 13.7 13.5
0.995 31.3 26.3 24.3 23.2 22.5 22.0 21.6 21.4 21.1 21.0 20.8 20.7 20.6 20.5 20.4 20.2 19.9 19.7 19.3
0.999 74.1 61.2 56.2 53.4 51.7 50.5 49.7 49.0 48.5 48.1 47.7 47.4 47.2 46.9 46.8 46.1 45.4 44.9 44.1

5 0.900 4.06 3.78 3.62 3.52 3.45 3.40 3.37 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.27 3.26 3.25 3.24 3.21 3.17 3.15 3.10
0.950 6.61 5.79 5.41 5.19 5.05 4.95 4.88 4.82 4.77 4.74 4.70 4.68 4.66 4.64 4.62 4.56 4.50 4.44 4.37
0.975 10.0 8.43 7.76 7.39 7.15 6.98 6.85 6.76 6.68 6.62 6.57 6.52 6.49 6.46 6.43 6.33 6.23 6.14 6.02
0.990 16.3 13.3 12.1 11.4 11.0 10.7 10.5 10.3 10.2 10.1 9.96 9.89 9.82 9.77 9.72 9.55 9.38 9.24 9.02
0.995 22.8 18.3 16.5 15.6 14.9 14.5 14.2 14.0 13.8 13.6 13.5 13.4 13.3 13.2 13.1 12.9 12.7 12.5 12.1
0.999 47.2 37.1 33.2 31.1 29.8 28.8 28.2 27.6 27.2 26.9 26.6 26.4 26.2 26.1 25.9 25.4 24.9 24.4 23.8

7
 Table 5: F Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
6 0.900 3.78 3.46 3.29 3.18 3.11 3.05 3.01 2.98 2.96 2.94 2.92 2.90 2.89 2.88 2.87 2.84 2.80 2.77 2.72
0.950 5.99 5.14 4.76 4.53 4.39 4.28 4.21 4.15 4.10 4.06 4.03 4.00 3.98 3.96 3.94 3.87 3.81 3.75 3.67
0.975 8.81 7.26 6.60 6.23 5.99 5.82 5.70 5.60 5.52 5.46 5.41 5.37 5.33 5.30 5.27 5.17 5.07 4.98 4.85
0.990 13.7 10.9 9.78 9.15 8.75 8.47 8.26 8.10 7.98 7.87 7.79 7.72 7.66 7.60 7.56 7.40 7.23 7.09 6.88
0.995 18.6 14.5 12.9 12.0 11.5 11.1 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.3 10.1 10.0 9.95 9.88 9.81 9.59 9.36 9.17 8.88
0.999 35.5 27.0 23.7 21.9 20.8 20.0 19.5 19.0 18.7 18.4 18.2 18.0 17.8 17.7 17.6 17.1 16.7 16.3 15.7

7 0.900 3.59 3.26 3.07 2.96 2.88 2.83 2.78 2.75 2.72 2.70 2.68 2.67 2.65 2.64 2.63 2.59 2.56 2.52 2.47
0.950 5.59 4.74 4.35 4.12 3.97 3.87 3.79 3.73 3.68 3.64 3.60 3.57 3.55 3.53 3.51 3.44 3.38 3.32 3.23
0.975 8.07 6.54 5.89 5.52 5.29 5.12 4.99 4.90 4.82 4.76 4.71 4.67 4.63 4.60 4.57 4.47 4.36 4.28 4.14
0.990 12.2 9.55 8.45 7.85 7.46 7.19 6.99 6.84 6.72 6.62 6.54 6.47 6.41 6.36 6.31 6.16 5.99 5.86 5.65
0.995 16.2 12.4 10.9 10.1 9.52 9.16 8.89 8.68 8.51 8.38 8.27 8.18 8.10 8.03 7.97 7.75 7.53 7.35 7.08
0.999 29.2 21.7 18.8 17.2 16.2 15.5 15.0 14.6 14.3 14.1 13.9 13.7 13.6 13.4 13.3 12.9 12.5 12.2 11.7

8 0.900 3.46 3.11 2.92 2.81 2.73 2.67 2.62 2.59 2.56 2.54 2.52 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.46 2.42 2.38 2.35 2.29
0.950 5.32 4.46 4.07 3.84 3.69 3.58 3.50 3.44 3.39 3.35 3.31 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3.15 3.08 3.02 2.93
0.975 7.57 6.06 5.42 5.05 4.82 4.65 4.53 4.43 4.36 4.30 4.24 4.20 4.16 4.13 4.10 4.00 3.89 3.81 3.67
0.990 11.3 8.65 7.59 7.01 6.63 6.37 6.18 6.03 5.91 5.81 5.73 5.67 5.61 5.56 5.52 5.36 5.20 5.07 4.86
0.995 14.7 11.0 9.60 8.81 8.30 7.95 7.69 7.50 7.34 7.21 7.10 7.01 6.94 6.87 6.81 6.61 6.40 6.22 5.95
0.999 25.4 18.5 15.8 14.4 13.5 12.9 12.4 12.0 11.8 11.5 11.4 11.2 11.1 10.9 10.8 10.5 10.1 9.80 9.33

9 0.900 3.36 3.01 2.81 2.69 2.61 2.55 2.51 2.47 2.44 2.42 2.40 2.38 2.36 2.35 2.34 2.30 2.25 2.22 2.16
0.950 5.12 4.26 3.86 3.63 3.48 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.14 3.10 3.07 3.05 3.03 3.01 2.94 2.86 2.80 2.71
0.975 7.21 5.71 5.08 4.72 4.48 4.32 4.20 4.10 4.03 3.96 3.91 3.87 3.83 3.80 3.77 3.67 3.56 3.47 3.33
0.990 10.6 8.02 6.99 6.42 6.06 5.80 5.61 5.47 5.35 5.26 5.18 5.11 5.05 5.01 4.96 4.81 4.65 4.52 4.31
0.995 13.6 10.1 8.72 7.96 7.47 7.13 6.88 6.69 6.54 6.42 6.31 6.23 6.15 6.09 6.03 5.83 5.62 5.45 5.19
0.999 22.9 16.4 13.9 12.6 11.7 11.1 10.7 10.4 10.1 9.89 9.72 9.57 9.44 9.33 9.24 8.90 8.55 8.26 7.81

10 0.900 3.29 2.92 2.73 2.61 2.52 2.46 2.41 2.38 2.35 2.32 2.30 2.28 2.27 2.26 2.24 2.20 2.16 2.12 2.06
0.950 4.96 4.10 3.71 3.48 3.33 3.22 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.94 2.91 2.89 2.86 2.85 2.77 2.70 2.64 2.54
0.975 6.94 5.46 4.83 4.47 4.24 4.07 3.95 3.85 3.78 3.72 3.66 3.62 3.58 3.55 3.52 3.42 3.31 3.22 3.08
0.990 10.0 7.56 6.55 5.99 5.64 5.39 5.20 5.06 4.94 4.85 4.77 4.71 4.65 4.60 4.56 4.41 4.25 4.12 3.91
0.995 12.8 9.43 8.08 7.34 6.87 6.54 6.30 6.12 5.97 5.85 5.75 5.66 5.59 5.53 5.47 5.27 5.07 4.90 4.64
0.999 21.0 14.9 12.6 11.3 10.5 9.93 9.52 9.20 8.96 8.75 8.59 8.45 8.32 8.22 8.13 7.80 7.47 7.19 6.76

8
 Table 5: F Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
11 0.900 3.23 2.86 2.66 2.54 2.45 2.39 2.34 2.30 2.27 2.25 2.23 2.21 2.19 2.18 2.17 2.12 2.08 2.04 1.97
0.950 4.84 3.98 3.59 3.36 3.20 3.09 3.01 2.95 2.90 2.85 2.82 2.79 2.76 2.74 2.72 2.65 2.57 2.51 2.40
0.975 6.72 5.26 4.63 4.28 4.04 3.88 3.76 3.66 3.59 3.53 3.47 3.43 3.39 3.36 3.33 3.23 3.12 3.03 2.88
0.990 9.65 7.21 6.22 5.67 5.32 5.07 4.89 4.74 4.63 4.54 4.46 4.40 4.34 4.29 4.25 4.10 3.94 3.81 3.60
0.995 12.2 8.91 7.60 6.88 6.42 6.10 5.86 5.68 5.54 5.42 5.32 5.24 5.16 5.10 5.05 4.86 4.65 4.49 4.23
0.999 19.7 13.8 11.6 10.3 9.58 9.05 8.65 8.35 8.12 7.92 7.76 7.63 7.51 7.41 7.32 7.01 6.68 6.42 6.00

12 0.900 3.18 2.81 2.61 2.48 2.39 2.33 2.28 2.24 2.21 2.19 2.17 2.15 2.13 2.12 2.10 2.06 2.01 1.97 1.90
0.950 4.75 3.89 3.49 3.26 3.11 3.00 2.91 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.72 2.69 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.54 2.47 2.40 2.30
0.975 6.55 5.10 4.47 4.12 3.89 3.73 3.61 3.51 3.44 3.37 3.32 3.28 3.24 3.21 3.18 3.07 2.96 2.87 2.72
0.990 9.33 6.93 5.95 5.41 5.06 4.82 4.64 4.50 4.39 4.30 4.22 4.16 4.10 4.05 4.01 3.86 3.70 3.57 3.36
0.995 11.8 8.51 7.23 6.52 6.07 5.76 5.52 5.35 5.20 5.09 4.99 4.91 4.84 4.77 4.72 4.53 4.33 4.17 3.90
0.999 18.6 13.0 10.8 9.63 8.89 8.38 8.00 7.71 7.48 7.29 7.14 7.00 6.89 6.79 6.71 6.40 6.09 5.83 5.42

13 0.900 3.14 2.76 2.56 2.43 2.35 2.28 2.23 2.20 2.16 2.14 2.12 2.10 2.08 2.07 2.05 2.01 1.96 1.92 1.85
0.950 4.67 3.81 3.41 3.18 3.03 2.92 2.83 2.77 2.71 2.67 2.63 2.60 2.58 2.55 2.53 2.46 2.38 2.31 2.21
0.975 6.41 4.97 4.35 4.00 3.77 3.60 3.48 3.39 3.31 3.25 3.20 3.15 3.12 3.08 3.05 2.95 2.84 2.74 2.60
0.990 9.07 6.70 5.74 5.21 4.86 4.62 4.44 4.30 4.19 4.10 4.02 3.96 3.91 3.86 3.82 3.66 3.51 3.38 3.17
0.995 11.4 8.19 6.93 6.23 5.79 5.48 5.25 5.08 4.94 4.82 4.72 4.64 4.57 4.51 4.46 4.27 4.07 3.91 3.65
0.999 17.8 12.3 10.2 9.07 8.35 7.86 7.49 7.21 6.98 6.80 6.65 6.52 6.41 6.31 6.23 5.93 5.63 5.37 4.97

14 0.900 3.10 2.73 2.52 2.39 2.31 2.24 2.19 2.15 2.12 2.10 2.07 2.05 2.04 2.02 2.01 1.96 1.91 1.87 1.80
0.950 4.60 3.74 3.34 3.11 2.96 2.85 2.76 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.57 2.53 2.51 2.48 2.46 2.39 2.31 2.24 2.13
0.975 6.30 4.86 4.24 3.89 3.66 3.50 3.38 3.29 3.21 3.15 3.09 3.05 3.01 2.98 2.95 2.84 2.73 2.64 2.49
0.990 8.86 6.51 5.56 5.04 4.69 4.46 4.28 4.14 4.03 3.94 3.86 3.80 3.75 3.70 3.66 3.51 3.35 3.22 3.00
0.995 11.1 7.92 6.68 6.00 5.56 5.26 5.03 4.86 4.72 4.60 4.51 4.43 4.36 4.30 4.25 4.06 3.86 3.70 3.44
0.999 17.1 11.8 9.73 8.62 7.92 7.44 7.08 6.80 6.58 6.40 6.26 6.13 6.02 5.93 5.85 5.56 5.25 5.00 4.60

15 0.900 3.07 2.70 2.49 2.36 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.12 2.09 2.06 2.04 2.02 2.00 1.99 1.97 1.92 1.87 1.83 1.76
0.950 4.54 3.68 3.29 3.06 2.90 2.79 2.71 2.64 2.59 2.54 2.51 2.48 2.45 2.42 2.40 2.33 2.25 2.18 2.07
0.975 6.20 4.77 4.15 3.80 3.58 3.41 3.29 3.20 3.12 3.06 3.01 2.96 2.92 2.89 2.86 2.76 2.64 2.55 2.40
0.990 8.68 6.36 5.42 4.89 4.56 4.32 4.14 4.00 3.89 3.80 3.73 3.67 3.61 3.56 3.52 3.37 3.21 3.08 2.87
0.995 10.8 7.70 6.48 5.80 5.37 5.07 4.85 4.67 4.54 4.42 4.33 4.25 4.18 4.12 4.07 3.88 3.69 3.52 3.26
0.999 16.6 11.3 9.34 8.25 7.57 7.09 6.74 6.47 6.26 6.08 5.94 5.81 5.71 5.62 5.54 5.25 4.95 4.70 4.31

9
 Table 5: F Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
16 0.900 3.05 2.67 2.46 2.33 2.24 2.18 2.13 2.09 2.06 2.03 2.01 1.99 1.97 1.95 1.94 1.89 1.84 1.79 1.72
0.950 4.49 3.63 3.24 3.01 2.85 2.74 2.66 2.59 2.54 2.49 2.46 2.42 2.40 2.37 2.35 2.28 2.19 2.12 2.01
0.975 6.12 4.69 4.08 3.73 3.50 3.34 3.22 3.12 3.05 2.99 2.93 2.89 2.85 2.82 2.79 2.68 2.57 2.47 2.32
0.990 8.53 6.23 5.29 4.77 4.44 4.20 4.03 3.89 3.78 3.69 3.62 3.55 3.50 3.45 3.41 3.26 3.10 2.97 2.75
0.995 10.6 7.51 6.30 5.64 5.21 4.91 4.69 4.52 4.38 4.27 4.18 4.10 4.03 3.97 3.92 3.73 3.54 3.37 3.11
0.999 16.1 11.0 9.01 7.94 7.27 6.80 6.46 6.20 5.98 5.81 5.67 5.55 5.44 5.35 5.27 4.99 4.70 4.45 4.06

17 0.900 3.03 2.64 2.44 2.31 2.22 2.15 2.10 2.06 2.03 2.00 1.98 1.96 1.94 1.93 1.91 1.86 1.81 1.76 1.69
0.950 4.45 3.59 3.20 2.96 2.81 2.70 2.61 2.55 2.49 2.45 2.41 2.38 2.35 2.33 2.31 2.23 2.15 2.08 1.96
0.975 6.04 4.62 4.01 3.66 3.44 3.28 3.16 3.06 2.98 2.92 2.87 2.82 2.79 2.75 2.72 2.62 2.50 2.41 2.25
0.990 8.40 6.11 5.19 4.67 4.34 4.10 3.93 3.79 3.68 3.59 3.52 3.46 3.40 3.35 3.31 3.16 3.00 2.87 2.65
0.995 10.4 7.35 6.16 5.50 5.07 4.78 4.56 4.39 4.25 4.14 4.05 3.97 3.90 3.84 3.79 3.61 3.41 3.25 2.98
0.999 15.7 10.7 8.73 7.68 7.02 6.56 6.22 5.96 5.75 5.58 5.44 5.32 5.22 5.13 5.05 4.78 4.48 4.24 3.85

18 0.900 3.01 2.62 2.42 2.29 2.20 2.13 2.08 2.04 2.00 1.98 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.90 1.89 1.84 1.78 1.74 1.66
0.950 4.41 3.55 3.16 2.93 2.77 2.66 2.58 2.51 2.46 2.41 2.37 2.34 2.31 2.29 2.27 2.19 2.11 2.04 1.92
0.975 5.98 4.56 3.95 3.61 3.38 3.22 3.10 3.01 2.93 2.87 2.81 2.77 2.73 2.70 2.67 2.56 2.44 2.35 2.19
0.990 8.29 6.01 5.09 4.58 4.25 4.01 3.84 3.71 3.60 3.51 3.43 3.37 3.32 3.27 3.23 3.08 2.92 2.78 2.57
0.995 10.22 7.21 6.03 5.37 4.96 4.66 4.44 4.28 4.14 4.03 3.94 3.86 3.79 3.73 3.68 3.50 3.30 3.14 2.87
0.999 15.38 10.39 8.49 7.46 6.81 6.35 6.02 5.76 5.56 5.39 5.25 5.13 5.03 4.94 4.87 4.59 4.30 4.06 3.67

19 0.900 2.99 2.61 2.40 2.27 2.18 2.11 2.06 2.02 1.98 1.96 1.93 1.91 1.89 1.88 1.86 1.81 1.76 1.71 1.63
0.950 4.38 3.52 3.13 2.90 2.74 2.63 2.54 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.34 2.31 2.28 2.26 2.23 2.16 2.07 2.00 1.88
0.975 5.92 4.51 3.90 3.56 3.33 3.17 3.05 2.96 2.88 2.82 2.76 2.72 2.68 2.65 2.62 2.51 2.39 2.30 2.13
0.990 8.18 5.93 5.01 4.50 4.17 3.94 3.77 3.63 3.52 3.43 3.36 3.30 3.24 3.19 3.15 3.00 2.84 2.71 2.49
0.995 10.1 7.09 5.92 5.27 4.85 4.56 4.34 4.18 4.04 3.93 3.84 3.76 3.70 3.64 3.59 3.40 3.21 3.04 2.78
0.999 15.1 10.2 8.28 7.27 6.62 6.18 5.85 5.59 5.39 5.22 5.08 4.97 4.87 4.78 4.70 4.43 4.14 3.90 3.51

20 0.900 2.97 2.59 2.38 2.25 2.16 2.09 2.04 2.00 1.96 1.94 1.91 1.89 1.87 1.86 1.84 1.79 1.74 1.69 1.61
0.950 4.35 3.49 3.10 2.87 2.71 2.60 2.51 2.45 2.39 2.35 2.31 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.12 2.04 1.97 1.84
0.975 5.87 4.46 3.86 3.51 3.29 3.13 3.01 2.91 2.84 2.77 2.72 2.68 2.64 2.60 2.57 2.46 2.35 2.25 2.09
0.990 8.10 5.85 4.94 4.43 4.10 3.87 3.70 3.56 3.46 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.13 3.09 2.94 2.78 2.64 2.42
0.995 9.94 6.99 5.82 5.17 4.76 4.47 4.26 4.09 3.96 3.85 3.76 3.68 3.61 3.55 3.50 3.32 3.12 2.96 2.69
0.999 14.8 9.95 8.10 7.10 6.46 6.02 5.69 5.44 5.24 5.08 4.94 4.82 4.72 4.64 4.56 4.29 4.00 3.77 3.38

10
 Table 5: F Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
21 0.900 2.96 2.57 2.36 2.23 2.14 2.08 2.02 1.98 1.95 1.92 1.90 1.87 1.86 1.84 1.83 1.78 1.72 1.67 1.59
0.950 4.32 3.47 3.07 2.84 2.68 2.57 2.49 2.42 2.37 2.32 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.18 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.82
0.975 5.83 4.42 3.82 3.48 3.25 3.09 2.97 2.87 2.80 2.73 2.68 2.64 2.60 2.56 2.53 2.42 2.31 2.21 2.05
0.990 8.02 5.78 4.87 4.37 4.04 3.81 3.64 3.51 3.40 3.31 3.24 3.17 3.12 3.07 3.03 2.88 2.72 2.58 2.38
0.995 9.83 6.89 5.73 5.09 4.68 4.39 4.18 4.01 3.88 3.77 3.68 3.60 3.54 3.48 3.43 3.24 3.05 2.88 2.64
0.999 14.6 9.77 7.94 6.95 6.32 5.88 5.56 5.31 5.11 4.95 4.81 4.70 4.60 4.51 4.44 4.17 3.88 3.64 3.32

22 0.900 2.95 2.56 2.35 2.22 2.13 2.06 2.01 1.97 1.93 1.90 1.88 1.86 1.84 1.83 1.81 1.76 1.70 1.65 1.57
0.950 4.30 3.44 3.05 2.82 2.66 2.55 2.46 2.40 2.34 2.30 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.17 2.15 2.07 1.98 1.91 1.79
0.975 5.79 4.38 3.78 3.44 3.22 3.05 2.93 2.84 2.76 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.56 2.53 2.50 2.39 2.27 2.17 2.01
0.990 7.95 5.72 4.82 4.31 3.99 3.76 3.59 3.45 3.35 3.26 3.18 3.12 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.83 2.67 2.53 2.33
0.995 9.73 6.81 5.65 5.02 4.61 4.32 4.11 3.94 3.81 3.70 3.61 3.54 3.47 3.41 3.36 3.18 2.98 2.82 2.57
0.999 14.4 9.61 7.80 6.81 6.19 5.76 5.44 5.19 4.99 4.83 4.70 4.58 4.49 4.40 4.33 4.06 3.78 3.54 3.21

23 0.900 2.94 2.55 2.34 2.21 2.11 2.05 1.99 1.95 1.92 1.89 1.87 1.84 1.83 1.81 1.80 1.74 1.69 1.64 1.55
0.950 4.28 3.42 3.03 2.80 2.64 2.53 2.44 2.37 2.32 2.27 2.24 2.20 2.18 2.15 2.13 2.05 1.96 1.88 1.76
0.975 5.75 4.35 3.75 3.41 3.18 3.02 2.90 2.81 2.73 2.67 2.62 2.57 2.53 2.50 2.47 2.36 2.24 2.14 1.98
0.990 7.88 5.66 4.76 4.26 3.94 3.71 3.54 3.41 3.30 3.21 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.97 2.93 2.78 2.62 2.48 2.28
0.995 9.63 6.73 5.58 4.95 4.54 4.26 4.05 3.88 3.75 3.64 3.55 3.47 3.41 3.35 3.30 3.12 2.92 2.76 2.51
0.999 14.2 9.47 7.67 6.70 6.08 5.65 5.33 5.09 4.89 4.73 4.60 4.48 4.39 4.30 4.23 3.96 3.68 3.44 3.11

24 0.900 2.93 2.54 2.33 2.19 2.10 2.04 1.98 1.94 1.91 1.88 1.85 1.83 1.81 1.80 1.78 1.73 1.67 1.62 1.54
0.950 4.26 3.40 3.01 2.78 2.62 2.51 2.42 2.36 2.30 2.25 2.22 2.18 2.15 2.13 2.11 2.03 1.94 1.86 1.74
0.975 5.72 4.32 3.72 3.38 3.15 2.99 2.87 2.78 2.70 2.64 2.59 2.54 2.50 2.47 2.44 2.33 2.21 2.11 1.95
0.990 7.82 5.61 4.72 4.22 3.90 3.67 3.50 3.36 3.26 3.17 3.09 3.03 2.98 2.93 2.89 2.74 2.58 2.44 2.23
0.995 9.55 6.66 5.52 4.89 4.49 4.20 3.99 3.83 3.69 3.59 3.50 3.42 3.35 3.30 3.25 3.06 2.87 2.70 2.45
0.999 14.0 9.34 7.55 6.59 5.98 5.55 5.24 4.99 4.80 4.64 4.51 4.39 4.30 4.21 4.14 3.87 3.59 3.36 3.02

25 0.900 2.92 2.53 2.32 2.18 2.09 2.02 1.97 1.93 1.89 1.87 1.84 1.82 1.80 1.79 1.77 1.72 1.66 1.61 1.52
0.950 4.24 3.39 2.99 2.76 2.60 2.49 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.24 2.20 2.16 2.14 2.11 2.09 2.01 1.92 1.84 1.72
0.975 5.69 4.29 3.69 3.35 3.13 2.97 2.85 2.75 2.68 2.61 2.56 2.51 2.48 2.44 2.41 2.30 2.18 2.08 1.92
0.990 7.77 5.57 4.68 4.18 3.85 3.63 3.46 3.32 3.22 3.13 3.06 2.99 2.94 2.89 2.85 2.70 2.54 2.40 2.19
0.995 9.48 6.60 5.46 4.84 4.43 4.15 3.94 3.78 3.64 3.54 3.45 3.37 3.30 3.25 3.20 3.01 2.82 2.65 2.40
0.999 13.9 9.22 7.45 6.49 5.89 5.46 5.15 4.91 4.71 4.56 4.42 4.31 4.22 4.13 4.06 3.79 3.52 3.28 2.94

11
 Table 5: F Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (Fν1 ,ν2 ≤ x) = p for the F -distribution with ν1 , ν2 degrees of freedom.

ν1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 30 50 ∞
ν2 p
30 0.900 2.88 2.49 2.28 2.14 2.05 1.98 1.93 1.88 1.85 1.82 1.79 1.77 1.75 1.74 1.72 1.67 1.61 1.55 1.46
0.950 4.17 3.32 2.92 2.69 2.53 2.42 2.33 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.13 2.09 2.06 2.04 2.01 1.93 1.84 1.76 1.62
0.975 5.57 4.18 3.59 3.25 3.03 2.87 2.75 2.65 2.57 2.51 2.46 2.41 2.37 2.34 2.31 2.20 2.07 1.97 1.79
0.990 7.56 5.39 4.51 4.02 3.70 3.47 3.30 3.17 3.07 2.98 2.91 2.84 2.79 2.74 2.70 2.55 2.39 2.25 2.00
0.995 9.18 6.35 5.24 4.62 4.23 3.95 3.74 3.58 3.45 3.34 3.25 3.18 3.11 3.06 3.01 2.82 2.63 2.46 2.18
0.999 13.3 8.77 7.05 6.12 5.53 5.12 4.82 4.58 4.39 4.24 4.11 4.00 3.91 3.82 3.75 3.49 3.22 2.98 2.59

40 0.900 2.84 2.44 2.23 2.09 2.00 1.93 1.87 1.83 1.79 1.76 1.74 1.71 1.70 1.68 1.66 1.61 1.54 1.48 1.38
0.950 4.08 3.23 2.84 2.61 2.45 2.34 2.25 2.18 2.12 2.08 2.04 2.00 1.97 1.95 1.92 1.84 1.74 1.66 1.51
0.975 5.42 4.05 3.46 3.13 2.90 2.74 2.62 2.53 2.45 2.39 2.33 2.29 2.25 2.21 2.18 2.07 1.94 1.83 1.64
0.990 7.31 5.18 4.31 3.83 3.51 3.29 3.12 2.99 2.89 2.80 2.73 2.66 2.61 2.56 2.52 2.37 2.20 2.06 1.80
0.995 8.83 6.07 4.98 4.37 3.99 3.71 3.51 3.35 3.22 3.12 3.03 2.95 2.89 2.83 2.78 2.60 2.40 2.23 1.93
0.999 12.6 8.25 6.59 5.70 5.13 4.73 4.44 4.21 4.02 3.87 3.75 3.64 3.55 3.47 3.40 3.15 2.87 2.64 2.23

60 0.900 2.79 2.39 2.18 2.04 1.95 1.87 1.82 1.77 1.74 1.71 1.68 1.66 1.64 1.62 1.60 1.54 1.48 1.41 1.29
0.950 4.00 3.15 2.76 2.53 2.37 2.25 2.17 2.10 2.04 1.99 1.95 1.92 1.89 1.86 1.84 1.75 1.65 1.56 1.39
0.975 5.29 3.93 3.34 3.01 2.79 2.63 2.51 2.41 2.33 2.27 2.22 2.17 2.13 2.09 2.06 1.94 1.82 1.70 1.48
0.990 7.08 4.98 4.13 3.65 3.34 3.12 2.95 2.82 2.72 2.63 2.56 2.50 2.44 2.39 2.35 2.20 2.03 1.88 1.60
0.995 8.49 5.79 4.73 4.14 3.76 3.49 3.29 3.13 3.01 2.90 2.82 2.74 2.68 2.62 2.57 2.39 2.19 2.01 1.69
0.999 12.0 7.77 6.17 5.31 4.76 4.37 4.09 3.86 3.69 3.54 3.42 3.32 3.23 3.15 3.08 2.83 2.55 2.32 1.89

120 0.900 2.75 2.35 2.13 1.99 1.90 1.82 1.77 1.72 1.68 1.65 1.63 1.60 1.58 1.56 1.55 1.48 1.41 1.34 1.19
0.950 3.92 3.07 2.68 2.45 2.29 2.18 2.09 2.02 1.96 1.91 1.87 1.83 1.80 1.78 1.75 1.66 1.55 1.46 1.25
0.975 5.15 3.80 3.23 2.89 2.67 2.52 2.39 2.30 2.22 2.16 2.10 2.05 2.01 1.98 1.94 1.82 1.69 1.56 1.31
0.990 6.85 4.79 3.95 3.48 3.17 2.96 2.79 2.66 2.56 2.47 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.23 2.19 2.03 1.86 1.70 1.38
0.995 8.18 5.54 4.50 3.92 3.55 3.28 3.09 2.93 2.81 2.71 2.62 2.54 2.48 2.42 2.37 2.19 1.98 1.80 1.43
0.999 11.4 7.32 5.78 4.95 4.42 4.04 3.77 3.55 3.38 3.24 3.12 3.02 2.93 2.85 2.78 2.53 2.26 2.02 1.54

∞ 0.900 2.71 2.30 2.08 1.94 1.85 1.77 1.72 1.67 1.63 1.60 1.57 1.55 1.52 1.50 1.49 1.42 1.34 1.26 1.00
0.950 3.84 3.00 2.60 2.37 2.21 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.88 1.83 1.79 1.75 1.72 1.69 1.67 1.57 1.46 1.35 1.00
0.975 5.02 3.69 3.12 2.79 2.57 2.41 2.29 2.19 2.11 2.05 1.99 1.94 1.90 1.87 1.83 1.71 1.57 1.43 1.00
0.990 6.63 4.61 3.78 3.32 3.02 2.80 2.64 2.51 2.41 2.32 2.25 2.18 2.13 2.08 2.04 1.88 1.70 1.52 1.00
0.995 7.88 5.30 4.28 3.72 3.35 3.09 2.90 2.74 2.62 2.52 2.43 2.36 2.29 2.24 2.19 2.00 1.79 1.59 1.00
0.999 10.83 6.91 5.42 4.62 4.10 3.74 3.47 3.27 3.10 2.96 2.84 2.74 2.66 2.58 2.51 2.27 1.99 1.74 1.00

12
 Table 6: Wilcoxon Signed Rank Distribution Table
¯
Percentage point P (W + ≤ w+ ) = p. Note that P (W + ≤ w+ ) = P (W + ≥ 21 n(n + 1) − w+ ).
1
For large n, use normal approximation with mean 41 n(n + 1) and variance 24 n(n + 1)(2n + 1).

n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
+
w
0 0.5000 0.2500 0.1250 0.0625 0.0313 0.0156 0.0078 0.0039 0.0020 0.0010 0.0005
1 0.5000 0.2500 0.1250 0.0625 0.0313 0.0156 0.0078 0.0039 0.0020 0.0010
2 0.3750 0.1875 0.0938 0.0469 0.0234 0.0117 0.0059 0.0029 0.0015
3 0.3125 0.1562 0.0781 0.0391 0.0195 0.0098 0.0049 0.0024
4 0.4375 0.2187 0.1094 0.0547 0.0273 0.0137 0.0068 0.0034

5 0.3125 0.1562 0.0781 0.0391 0.0195 0.0098 0.0049

6 0.4062 0.2187 0.1094 0.0547 0.0273 0.0137 0.0068
7 0.5000 0.2812 0.1484 0.0742 0.0371 0.0186 0.0093
8 0.3437 0.1875 0.0977 0.0488 0.0244 0.0122
9 0.4219 0.2344 0.1250 0.0645 0.0322 0.0161

10 0.5000 0.2891 0.1562 0.0820 0.0420 0.0210

11 0.3437 0.1914 0.1016 0.0527 0.0269
12 0.4062 0.2305 0.1250 0.0654 0.0337
13 0.4687 0.2734 0.1504 0.0801 0.0415
14 0.3203 0.1797 0.0967 0.0508

15 0.3711 0.2129 0.1162 0.0615

16 0.4219 0.2480 0.1377 0.0737
17 0.4727 0.2852 0.1611 0.0874
18 0.3262 0.1875 0.1030
19 0.3672 0.2158 0.1201

20 0.4102 0.2461 0.1392

21 0.4551 0.2783 0.1602
22 0.5000 0.3125 0.1826
23 0.3477 0.2065
24 0.3848 0.2324

25 0.4229 0.2598
26 0.4609 0.2886
27 0.5000 0.3188
28 0.3501
29 0.3823

30 0.4155
31 0.4492
32 0.4829

13
 Table 7: Wilcoxon Rank Sum Distribution Table
¯
Percentage point P (W ≤ w) = p where
W is the sum of ranks of the smaller sample.

n2 3 4 5 6 7 8
n1 w
3 6 0.0500 0.0286 0.0179 0.0119 0.0083 0.0061
7 0.1000 0.0571 0.0357 0.0238 0.0167 0.0121
8 0.2000 0.1143 0.0714 0.0476 0.0333 0.0242
9 0.3500 0.2000 0.1250 0.0833 0.0583 0.0424
10 0.5000 0.3143 0.1964 0.1310 0.0917 0.0667

11 0.6500 0.4286 0.2857 0.1905 0.1333 0.0970

12 0.5714 0.3929 0.2738 0.1917 0.1394
13 0.5000 0.3571 0.2583 0.1879
14 0.6071 0.4524 0.3333 0.2485
15 0.5476 0.4167 0.3152
16 0.5000 0.3879
17 0.5833 0.4606
18 0.5394

4 10 0.0143 0.0079 0.0048 0.0030 0.0020

11 0.0286 0.0159 0.0095 0.0061 0.0040
12 0.0571 0.0317 0.0190 0.0121 0.0081
13 0.1000 0.0556 0.0333 0.0212 0.0141
14 0.1714 0.0952 0.0571 0.0364 0.0242

15 0.2429 0.1429 0.0857 0.0545 0.0364

16 0.3429 0.2063 0.1286 0.0818 0.0545
17 0.4429 0.2778 0.1762 0.1152 0.0768
18 0.5571 0.3651 0.2381 0.1576 0.1071
19 0.4524 0.3048 0.2061 0.1414

20 0.5476 0.3810 0.2636 0.1838

21 0.4571 0.3242 0.2303
22 0.5429 0.3939 0.2848
23 0.4636 0.3414
24 0.5364 0.4040

25 0.4667
26 0.5333

14
 Table 7: Wilcoxon Rank Sum Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (W ≤ w) = p where
W is the sum of ranks of the smaller sample.

n2 5 6 7 8 6 7 8
n1 w n1 w
5 15 0.0040 0.0022 0.0013 0.0008 6 21 0.0011 0.0006 0.0003
16 0.0079 0.0043 0.0025 0.0016 22 0.0022 0.0012 0.0007
17 0.0159 0.0087 0.0051 0.0031 23 0.0043 0.0023 0.0013
18 0.0278 0.0152 0.0088 0.0054 24 0.0076 0.0041 0.0023
19 0.0476 0.0260 0.0152 0.0093 25 0.0130 0.0070 0.0040

20 0.0754 0.0411 0.0240 0.0148 26 0.0206 0.0111 0.0063

21 0.1111 0.0628 0.0366 0.0225 27 0.0325 0.0175 0.0100
22 0.1548 0.0887 0.0530 0.0326 28 0.0465 0.0256 0.0147
23 0.2103 0.1234 0.0745 0.0466 29 0.0660 0.0367 0.0213
24 0.2738 0.1645 0.1010 0.0637 30 0.0898 0.0507 0.0296

25 0.3452 0.2143 0.1338 0.0855 31 0.1201 0.0688 0.0406

26 0.4206 0.2684 0.1717 0.1111 32 0.1548 0.0903 0.0539
27 0.5000 0.3312 0.2159 0.1422 33 0.1970 0.1171 0.0709
28 0.5794 0.3961 0.2652 0.1772 34 0.2424 0.1474 0.0906
29 0.4654 0.3194 0.2176 35 0.2944 0.1830 0.1142

30 0.5346 0.3775 0.2618 36 0.3496 0.2226 0.1412

31 0.4381 0.3108 37 0.4091 0.2669 0.1725
32 0.5000 0.3621 38 0.4686 0.3141 0.2068
33 0.5619 0.4165 39 0.5314 0.3654 0.2454
34 0.4716 40 0.4178 0.2864

35 0.5284 41 0.4726 0.3310

42 0.5274 0.3773
43 0.4259
44 0.4749
45 0.5251

15
Table 7: Wilcoxon Rank Sum Distribution Table (cont.)
¯
Percentage point P (W ≤ w) = p where
W is the sum of ranks of the smaller sample.

n2 7 8 n2 8
n1 w n1 w
7 28 0.0003 0.0002 8 36 0.0000
29 0.0006 0.0003 37 0.0002
30 0.0012 0.0006 38 0.0003
31 0.0020 0.0011 39 0.0005
32 0.0035 0.0019 40 0.0009

33 0.0055 0.0030 41 0.0015

34 0.0087 0.0047 42 0.0023
35 0.0131 0.0070 43 0.0035
36 0.0189 0.0103 44 0.0052
37 0.0265 0.0145 45 0.0074

38 0.0364 0.0200 46 0.0103

39 0.0487 0.0270 47 0.0141
40 0.0641 0.0361 48 0.0190
41 0.0825 0.0469 49 0.0249
42 0.1043 0.0603 50 0.0325

43 0.1297 0.0760 51 0.0415

44 0.1588 0.0946 52 0.0524
45 0.1914 0.1159 53 0.0652
46 0.2279 0.1405 54 0.0803
47 0.2675 0.1678 55 0.0974

48 0.3100 0.1984 56 0.1172

49 0.3552 0.2317 57 0.1393
50 0.4024 0.2679 58 0.1641
51 0.4508 0.3063 59 0.1911
52 0.5000 0.3472 60 0.2209

53 0.5492 0.3894 61 0.2527

54 0.4333 62 0.2869
55 0.4775 63 0.3227
56 0.5225 64 0.3605
65 0.3992

66 0.4392
67 0.4796
68 0.5204

16