A

Minor PROJECT
ON

“Library Management System”

SUBMITTED BY :

Ms. KHADIJA TUL KUBRA

(B.E. Computer Third Year)

Prof.R.J Deshmukh Dr.S.L.Satarkar

GUIDE H.O.D

Department of Chemical Engineering

SHRI SHIVAJI EDUCATION SOCIATY, AMRAVATI’S

College of Engineering & Technology, Babhulgaon (Jh), Akola (M.S) 444104.

SANT GADGE BABA AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY, AMRAVATI. 2024

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 Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that,

Ms. KHADIJA TUL KUBRA

(B.E Computer Third Year)

Has submitted their Thesis Report on

“Library Management System”

During the academic session 2024-2025 in a satisfactory manner for
the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
Bachalor of Computer Science & Engineering
Under affiliation of Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati.

Prof.R.J Deshmukh Dr. S.L Satarkar

Guide H.O.D

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 ABSTRACT
The Library Management System (LMS) is designed to streamline the processes involved in
managing library resources and services. This system aims to provide an efficient means for
tracking and managing books, authors, users, and transactions related to borrowing and
returning books. The project utilizes a relational database management system (RDBMS) to
ensure data integrity and facilitate quick retrieval of information.

The LMS consists of several interconnected tables, including Books, Authors, Users, and
Transactions, each playing a crucial role in the overall functionality of the system. SQL queries
are employed for various operations such as inserting new records, updating existing entries,
retrieving data for reporting, and deleting outdated information.

Key features of the Library Management System include user registration, book cataloging,
tracking book availability, and managing borrow and return transactions. The system not only
enhances the efficiency of library operations but also improves user experience by providing
easy access to information.

By implementing this Library Management System using SQL, libraries can effectively manage
their resources, ensure timely updates, and maintain an organized database that supports the
academic and recreational needs of their users. The project showcases the importance of
database systems in managing large volumes of data and highlights the role of SQL in enabling
robust data manipulation and retrieval.

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 INDEX
Topic Page

1) INTRODUCTION…………………………………………05

2) PROJECT OBJECTIVES…………………………………06

3) DATABASE DESIGN…………………………………..07-09

4) SOURCE CODE………………………………………….10-11

5) KEY FEATURES……………………………………………12

6) CONCLUSION……………………………………………..13

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 1. INTRODUCTION
In an age where information is a key asset, libraries serve as essential repositories of knowledge,
offering access to a wide array of books, journals, and digital resources. However, as the volume
of resources increases, so does the complexity of managing them effectively. The need for an
efficient and systematic approach to library management has become paramount. This is where
a Library Management System (LMS) comes into play.

A Library Management System is an integrated software solution that automates the essential
functions of a library, facilitating seamless management of books, authors, users, and
transactions. The primary objective of this project is to design and implement a robust LMS that
addresses the challenges faced by traditional library management methods. By leveraging a
relational database management system (RDBMS) like MySQL, this project aims to streamline
operations, enhance data accuracy, and improve user experience.

The LMS encompasses several critical features, including user registration, book cataloging,
tracking of book availability, and management of borrowing and returning processes. Through
the implementation of various SQL queries, users can easily perform operations such as
searching for books, registering as library members, and managing their borrowing history.

The system's architecture is designed to ensure data integrity, allowing for efficient storage and
retrieval of information. By employing foreign key relationships, the LMS maintains a structured
database that reflects real-world connections between different entities, such as books and
their respective authors.

In conclusion, the Library Management System project aims to provide a comprehensive

solution for modern library management, enabling libraries to better serve their patrons while
effectively managing their resources. This project not only highlights the significance of
database systems in organizing vast amounts of information but also demonstrates the practical
application of SQL in creating functional and user-friendly software.

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 2. PROJECT OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of the Library Management System (LMS) project is to create a robust
and efficient platform that simplifies the management of library resources. The specific goals of
the project include:

1. Enhancing Operational Efficiency: The LMS aims to automate routine tasks such as book
cataloging, user registration, and transaction management. By reducing manual
processes, the system allows library staff to focus on providing better services to patrons.

2. Improving User Experience: The system is designed to provide a user-friendly interface

for both library staff and users. By enabling easy access to information about available
books, authors, and borrowing procedures, the LMS enhances the overall user experience
within the library.

3. Ensuring Data Integrity: The LMS will utilize a relational database to maintain accurate
and consistent records of library resources and transactions. By implementing foreign key
relationships and constraints, the system ensures data integrity, preventing issues such
as duplicate entries and maintaining a clear association between users and their
borrowed items.

4. Facilitating Comprehensive Reporting: The project aims to provide reporting capabilities

that enable library administrators to generate insights into book circulation, user activity,
and inventory management. This functionality helps in decision-making and planning for
future acquisitions and services.

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 3. DATABASE DESIGN
The database design for the Library Management System (LMS) is a crucial aspect that
underpins its functionality and efficiency. The system employs a relational database structure,
which allows for the organization of data into tables that are interconnected through defined
relationships. The main components of the database design include the following tables: Books,
Authors, Users, and Transactions.

I. Tables Overview

• Authors Table:

o Purpose: To store information about book authors.

o Structure:

▪ author_id (INT, Primary Key, Auto Increment): Unique identifier for each
author.

▪ author_name (VARCHAR(100), NOT NULL): Name of the author.

• Books Table:

o Purpose: To catalog the books available in the library.

o Structure:

▪ book_id (INT, Primary Key, Auto Increment): Unique identifier for each book.

▪ book_title (VARCHAR(255), NOT NULL): Title of the book.

▪ author_id (INT): Foreign key referencing Authors(author_id), linking books

to their authors.

▪ is_available (BOOLEAN, DEFAULT TRUE): Indicates whether the book is

currently available for borrowing.

• Users Table:

o Purpose: To manage information about library users.

o Structure:

▪ user_id (INT, Primary Key, Auto Increment): Unique identifier for each user.

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 ▪ user_name (VARCHAR(100), NOT NULL): Name of the library user.

• Transactions Table:

o Purpose: To track borrowing and returning of books.

o Structure:

▪ transaction_id (INT, Primary Key, Auto Increment): Unique identifier for each
transaction.

▪ user_id (INT): Foreign key referencing Users(user_id), identifying the user

involved in the transaction.

▪ book_id (INT): Foreign key referencing Books(book_id), identifying the book

involved in the transaction.

▪ transaction_date (DATETIME, NOT NULL): Date and time of the transaction.

▪ return_date (DATETIME): Date and time when the book was returned.

II. Relationships

The design incorporates the following relationships to maintain data integrity and coherence:

• One-to-Many Relationship: Each author can write multiple books, establishing a one-to-
many relationship between the Authors and Books tables through the author_id foreign
key in the Books table.

• Many-to-Many Relationship: Users can borrow multiple books, and each book can be
borrowed by multiple users over time. This relationship is managed through the
Transactions table, which links users to books via their respective IDs.

III. Normalization

The database design follows normalization principles to minimize redundancy and ensure data
integrity. Each table serves a distinct purpose, and relationships are clearly defined to avoid
data duplication. This structure allows for efficient data retrieval and manipulation, supporting
the LMS's overall functionality.

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 IV. Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)

To visualize the database design, an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) can be included, showing
the tables, their attributes, and the relationships between them. This diagram serves as a
blueprint for the database structure, aiding in both development and future modifications.

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 4. SOURCE CODE

1. Creating Authors Table

CREATE TABLE Authors ( author_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, author_name

VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL);

2. Creating Books Table

CREATE TABLE Books ( book_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,book_title VARCHAR(255)

NOT NULL, author_id INT, is_available BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,FOREIGN KEY (author_id)
REFERENCES Authors(author_id)

);

3. Creating Users Table

CREATE TABLE Users ( user_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,user_name VARCHAR(100)

NOT NULL);

4. Creating Transactions Table

CREATE TABLE Transactions ( transaction_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,user_id INT,

book_id INT,transaction_date DATETIME NOT NULL,return_date DATETIME,FOREIGN KEY

(user_id) REFERENCES Users(user_id),FOREIGN KEY (book_id) REFERENCES Books(book_id)

);

5. Inserting Data into Authors Table

INSERT INTO Authors (author_name) VALUES ('J.K. Rowling'),('George R.R.

Martin'),('J.R.R.Tolkien');

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 6. Inserting Data into Books Table

INSERT INTO Books (book_title, author_id) VALUES ('Harry Potter and the Sorcerer\'s Stone',
1),('A Game of Thrones', 2),('The Hobbit', 3);

7. Inserting Data into Users Table

INSERT INTO Users (user_name) VALUES ('Alice Smith'),('Bob Johnson'),('Charlie Brown');

8. Inserting Data into Transactions Table (Borrowing Books)

INSERT INTO Transactions (user_id, book_id, transaction_date) VALUES (1, 1, NOW()),

-- Alice borrows "Harry Potter"(2, 2, NOW());

-- Bob borrows "A Game of Thrones"

9. Query to Check Available Books

SELECT book_title, is_available FROM Books WHERE is_available = TRUE;

10.Query to Check Borrowed Books

SELECT U.user_name, B.book_title, T.transaction_date FROM Transactions T

JOIN Users U ON T.user_id = U.user_id

JOIN Books B ON T.book_id = B.book_id;

11.Query to Return a Book (Updating Availability)

UPDATE Books

SET is_available = TRUE WHERE book_id = 1;

-- Assuming "Harry Potter" is being returned

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 5. KEY FEATURES

1. Efficient Book Management:

• The system allows for the easy addition, updating, and deletion of book records. It
tracks the availability of books in real-time, ensuring that users can always check which
books are available for borrowing.

2. Author and User Management:

• The system maintains a detailed record of authors and users. It associates each book
with its respective author and keeps track of the users who borrow books, making it
easy to manage multiple users and their borrowing activities.

3. Transaction Management:
• The system logs every borrowing and returning transaction. This ensures that the
borrowing history of each user is recorded, making it easier to track which user has
borrowed which book and when it is due for return.

4. Automated Book Availability Updates:

• The availability of a book is automatically updated in the system once it is borrowed or
returned. This ensures that users and administrators always have up-to-date
information about which books are available in the library.

5. Search Functionality:
• Users and administrators can search for books based on title, author, or availability. This
feature helps users find the books they are interested in more quickly and easily.

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 6. CONCLUSION
The Library Management System (LMS) developed using SQL serves as a highly efficient and
robust solution for managing the essential operations of a library. It provides a structured,
automated approach to handling books, authors, users, and transactions, which significantly
reduces the manual workload involved in these processes. The system ensures real-time
updates on the availability of books, helping both librarians and users quickly access accurate
information regarding the status of library resources.

Through its comprehensive database design, the LMS supports seamless record-keeping,
allowing for the easy addition, modification, and deletion of records. The use of foreign key
relationships between tables ensures data integrity and consistency, enabling accurate tracking
of which users borrow specific books, along with detailed logging of borrowing and return
transactions. This not only simplifies administrative duties but also enhances accountability and
transparency in managing the circulation of books.

Moreover, the LMS enhances user experience by incorporating search functionalities that allow
for quick retrieval of information based on book titles, author names, or availability status. The
system’s capability to handle multiple users and books at once makes it scalable, adaptable, and
suitable for libraries of varying sizes, from small community libraries to larger institutional ones.

In conclusion, this SQL-based Library Management System provides a highly effective and
scalable solution for modern library operations. By automating core processes and ensuring
data accuracy, the system streamlines day-to-day management tasks, improves overall
efficiency, and provides a solid foundation for future enhancements, such as incorporating
more advanced features like digital borrowing, membership management, and integration with
external systems. This project serves as a valuable tool for libraries, ensuring smooth and
efficient operations while meeting the needs of both administrators and users.

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