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SQL aggregate functions

Sql

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11 views

SQL aggregate functions

Sql

Uploaded by

shyaamkirran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to SQL aggregate functions

An aggregate function allows you to perform a calculation on a set


of values to return a single scalar value. We often use aggregate functions
with the GROUP BY and HAVING clauses of the SELECT statement.

The following are the most commonly used SQL aggregate functions:

 AVG – calculates the average of a set of values.


 COUNT – counts rows in a specified table or view.
 MIN – gets the minimum value in a set of values.
 MAX – gets the maximum value in a set of values.
 SUM – calculates the sum of values.

Notice that all aggregate functions above ignore NULL values except for
the COUNT function.

SQL aggregate functions syntax


To call an aggregate function, you use the following syntax:
aggregate_function (DISTINCT | ALL expression)

Let’s examine the syntax above in greater detail:

 First, specify an aggregate function that you want to use


e.g., MIN, MAX, AVG, SUM or COUNT.
 Second, put DISTINCT or ALL modifier followed by an expression inside
parentheses. If you explicitly use the DISTINCT modifier, the
aggregate function ignores duplicate values and only consider the
unique values. If you use the ALL modifier, the aggregate function
uses all values for calculation or evaluation. The ALL modifier is
used by default if you do not specify any modifier explicitly.

SQL aggregate function examples


Let’s take a look some examples of using SQL aggregate functions.

COUNT function example

To get the number of products in the products table, you use


the COUNT function as follows:
SELECT
COUNT(*)FROM products;

AVG function example


To calculate the average units in stock of the products, you use
the AVG function as follows:

SELECT

AVG(unitsinstock) FROM products;

To calculate units in stock by product category, you use the AVG function
with the GROUP BY clause as follows:

SELECT

categoryid, AVG(unitsinstock) FROM products GROUP BY categoryid;

SUM function example

To calculate the sum of units in stock by product category, you use


the SUM function with the GROUP BY clause as the following query:

SELECT
categoryid, SUM(unitsinstock)
FROM products GROUP BY categoryid;
.

MIN function example

To get the minimum units in stock of products in the products table, you
use the MIN function as follows:

SELECT
MIN(unitsinstock)
FROM
products;

MAX function example

To get the maximum units in stock of products in the products table, you
use the MAX function as shown in the following query:

SELECT
MAX(unitsinstock)
FROM
products;

In this tutorial, we have introduced you to the SQL aggregate functions


including the most commonly used functions: AVG, COUNT, MIN, MAX,
and SUM.

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