CHAPTER4

Carbon and its

Compounds
Multiple Cholce Questions
I. Carborn extsts tn the atmosöhere in theform of
(a) carbon monoxide only
(b) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide
(c) carbÍn dioxide only
(d) coal
2. Which of the following statements are usually correct for carbon
COmpounds? These
() are good conductors of electricity
(1) are poor conductors of electricity
(it1) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules
(v) do not have strong forces of attraction between their molecules
(a) () and (ii1) (b) (1) and (ii)
(c) (1) and (iv) (d) (11)and (tv)
3. A molecule of ammonia (NH) has
(a) only single bonds
(b) only double bonds
(c) only triple bonds
(d) two double bonds and one single bond

Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of

(a) phosphorus
(b) sulphur
(c) carbon
(d) tim
5. Which of the following are correct structural isonners of butane?
H H H H H H H
(0 H- CC H () H
H
C H

H H H
(t) H (tv) H-C-C- H
HH HH H -H
H

(a) (1) and (it) (b) (1) and (tv)

(c) () and (i) (d) (itt) and(tv)

6. CH,- CH,-OH Alkaline KMnO, + Heat ’ CH, - COOH

In the above given reaction, alkaline KMn0, acts as
(a) reducing agent
(b) oxidising agent
(c) catalyst
(d) dehydrating agent
7. Oils on treating with hydrogen in the presence of palladiuii or
nickel catalyst form fats. This is an example of
(a) Addition reaction
(b) Substitution reaction
(c) Displacement reaction
(d) Oxidation reaction
8. In which of the fllowing compounds, - OH is the functional
group?
la) Butanone
(b) Butanol
(c) Butanoic acid
(d) Butanal
9. The soap molecule has a
la) hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tall
(b) hydrophobic head and a hydrophillc tall
(e) hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tall
(d) hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail

TAND S COMPOUNDS 29
 representation of electro
following is the correct
10. Which of the
nitrogen?
dot structure of
(a) :N : N:
(b) :N:: N:
(c) :N :N:
(d) :N!N:
ethyne is
11. Structural formula of
(a) H-C=C-H
(b) H, -C=C-H

(c) H
H
H H
(d) HC-CH
H H
from the following
12. Identify the unsaturated compounds
(1) Propane
(t1) Propene
(ii) Propyne
(tv) Chloropropane
(a) (1) and (ii) (b) (11) and (iv)
(c) (ii)and (iv) (d) (i1) and (i1)
13. Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature
in the

(a) absence of sunlight

(b) presence of sunlight
(c) presence of water
(d) presence of hydrochloric acid
14. In the soap micelles
(a) the ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while thne
carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster.
(b) ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon
chain is out of the cluster.
(c) both ionic end and carbon chain are in the interior of the
cluster
(d) both ionic end and carbon chain are on the exterior of
cluster
16. Pentane has the molecular
formula C, H,,. It has
(a) 5 covalent bonds
(b) 12covalent bonds
(c) 16 covalent bonds
(d) 17 covalent bonds
16. Structural formula of benzene is

HnH
H-C-H HH
H H
(a) H, (b) H
H H
H H H

H H
H
(d) H-¢ -H
H-Q C-H H-C H
H
H H

17. Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are
(a) sodium ethanoate and hydrogen
(b) sodium ethanoate and oxygen
(c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
(d) sodium ethoxide and oxygen
18. The correct structural formula of butanoic acid is
H H H H
H H
(a) H----oH (b) H-C-C-C-C-C-0 H
H
H H H
H H H H
(c) H- - -Ç-C-0H (d) H-¢-¢-¢--OH

19. Vinegar is a solution of

alcohol
(a) 509% 60% acetic acid in
(b) 5%- 8%acetic acid in alcohol
(c) 5% -8% acetic acid in water
water
(d) 509% - 60% acetic acid in

BON AND s COMPOUNDS 31

 carboxylic acids becaues
20. Mineral acids are stronger acids than
(1) mineral acids are completely ionised
(1) carboxylic acids are completely ionised
(iii) mineral acids are partially ionised
(iv) carboxylicacids are partially ionised
(a) (1) and (iv) (b) (1i) and (iii)
(c) (1) and (11) (d) (i11) and (iv)
21. Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence
electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g. hydrogen. After the
formation of four bonds, carbon attains the electronic
configuration of
(a) helium
(b) neon
(c) argon
(d) krypton
22. The correct electron dot structure of a water molecule is
(a) HÖH
(b) H:H
(c) HÞ:H
(d) H:O:H
23. Which of the following is not a straight
chain hydrocarbon?
la) H,C-CH,-CH-CH ÇH,
H,
(b) H,C--CH,-CH,CH,-CH,-CH,
CH,
(c) H,C-H,C-H,C-ÇH,
CH,
(d)
CH,
H.CCH-CH-CH-CH,
24. Which among the
following are unsaturated hydrocarbons?
() H,C- CH, CH, CH,
(11) H,C-C=C-CH,
(iüi) H,C-CH-CH,
CH,
(tv) H,C-Ç=CH,
CH,
(a) (1) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
25. Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous
series?

(a) CH,
(b) C, H
(c) C, H
(d) C, H
26. The name of the compound CH, CH,- CHO Is
(a) Propanal
(b) Propanone
(c) Ethanol
(d) Ethanal
27. The heteroatoms present in

CH, CH, 0-CH, CH, Cl are

() oxygen
(i1) carbon
(tt) hydrogen
(tv) chlorine
(a) (1) and () (b) (1) and (ii1)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) () and (iv)
28. Which of the following represents saponification reaction?
(a) CH,COONa + NaOH CaO CH, + Na,Co,
(b) CH,COOH +C,H,OH H,SO, CH, COOC,H, +H,0
(c) 2CH,COOH + 2Na ’ 2CH, COONa + H,
(d) CH,COOC,H, + NaOH ’ CH, COONa + C, H,OH
29. The first member of alkyne homologous series is
(a) ethyne
(b) ethene
(c) propyne
(d) methane

Short Answer Questions

and also draw its
30. Draw the electron dot structure of ethyne
structural formula

TS COMPOUNDS
 31. Write the names of the following compounds
H H HH H H H
(a) H-¢-¢-¢-¢ OH (b) HI-¢-¢-t= C-H
H H H H H H

HH HH H HH
(c) H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C=0
HH H HH H
H HH H H
(d) H-C-C-Ç-C-Ç-OH

32. ldentify and name the functional groups present in thefollowing

compounds.
H H H H H O
(a) H -C-C-C-OH
(b) H-¢-¢--OH
H H H H H
H H O H H H H HH
(c) H-C-C-C-C-C-H (d) H--c-=c-H
H H
H H
33. A compound X is formed by the
C,H,0, and an alcohol in presencereaction
of
of a carboxylic acid
a few drops of H,SO,. The
alcohol on oxidation with alkaline KMnO,
gives the same carboxylic acid as used infollowed by acidification
names and structures of (a) carboxylic acid,this reaction. Give the
the compound X. Also write the (b) alcohol and (c)
reaction.
34. Why detergents are
better cleansing agents than soaps? Explain.
35. Name the
functional groups present in the following
(a) CH, CO CH, CH, CH,
CH, compounds
(b) CH, CH, CH, COOH
(c) CH, CH, CH, CH,
(d) CH, CH, OH
CHO
36. How is
involved ethene
in it. prepared from ethanol? Give the
37. Intake of reaction
small quantity of
methanol can be lethal.
Comment.
38. A gas is evolved when ethanol reacts with
sodium. Name the gas
evolved and also write the balanced chemical equation
involved. of thereaction
39. Ethene is tormed when ethanol at 443 K is heated with excess of
concentrated sulphuric acid. What is the role of sulphuric acid in
this reaction? Write the balanced chemical
reaction.
equation of tis

40. Carbon, Group (14) element in the Periodic Table, is known to

form compounds with many elements.
Write an example of a compound formed with
(a) chlorine (Group 17 of Periodic Table)
(b) Oxgygen (Group 16 of Periodic Table)
41. In electron dot structure, the valence shell electrons are
represented by crosses or dots.
(a) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. Write its electronic
configuration
(b) Draw the electron dot structure of chlorine molecule.

42. Catenation is the ability of an atom to form bonds with other

atoms of the same element. It is exhibited by both carbon and
silicon. Compare the ability of catenation of the two elements.
Give reasons.

multiple bonds between the

43. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain Give the test to
two C-atoms and show addition reactions.
distinguish ethane from ethene.
(A) with the names given
44. Match the reactions given in Column
in column (B).

Column (A) Column (1)

CH,OH + CH,COOH CH,CO0CH, +H,0 (i) Addition reaction

la)
CH,-CH, () Substitution reaction
(b) CH, = CH, + H, My Lsoloralabnsogoo
(iii) Neutralisation reaction
Sunlight, CH,CI + HCI
tc) CH, + Cl,
(iv) Esterification reaction
(d) CH,CoOH+NaOHCH,CoONa+H,0
bovioleauls9dt eh i w i e
 46. Write the structural formulae of all the isomers of hexane.
46. What is the role of metal or
reagents wrltten on arrows In the
given chemicalreactions?
CH, CH, ÇH, ÇH,
NI
(a) + H, , CH,-Ç Ç-CH,
CH, CH, H H

(b) CH, COOH +CH, CH, OH Conc.

H,SO, CH, COOC, H, +H,0
(c) CH, CH, OH Alk. KMnO,, CH,
Heat COOH
Long Answer Questions
47. A salt X is formed and a gas is
with sodium evolved when ethanoic acidreacts
hydrogencarbonate.
evolved. Describe an activity and Name the salt X and the gas
apparatus to prove that the evolved draw
gas is
the diagram of the
have named. Also, write the one which you
chemical equation of the reaction
48. (a) What are involved.
(b) Give the hydrocarbons? examples.
Give
structural differences between
unsaturated
(c) What is a hydrocarbons with two examplessaturated and
each.
functional functional
49. Name the
groups. group? Give examples of four different
reaction which is commonly used in
vegetable oils to fats.
Explain the reaction the
conversion of
50. (a) Write the involved in detail.
formula and draw electron dot
tetrachloride.
(b) What is structure of carbon
proceSs. saponification? Write the reaction
31. Esters are involved in this
sweet-smelling
perfumes. Suggest substances
some activity and are used in
32.
preparation ester with well labeled reaction involvedmaking
of an and the
for the
Acompound
to formn a
C
(molecular diagram.
sound. compound R andformula, C,H,O)reacts
Compound
of an acid on evolves a gas which with Na - metal
C
C,H,0,). formsa
On treatment with an alcohol
sweetof smelling burnsA inwitha pop
treatment addition
with NaOH to Compound
C, it also S (molecular presence
ldentify C, R, A,NaOH
S andsolution gives back gives Rand formulka.
water. Son
write down the Rand A.
reactions involved.
53. Look at Figure 4.1 and answer the following questions
(a) What change would you A
observe in the calcium
Thistle funnel
hydroxide solution taken in Stand
tube B? Delivery tube
Cork
(b) Write the reaction involved -Test tube
in test tubes A and B
respectively.
(c) Ifethanol is given instead of Carbon dioxide gas -
ethanoic acid. vould vou Ethanotc acid Test tuube
Calcium
expect the same change? hydroxide
Sodium solution
(d) How can a solution of lime carbonate
water be prepared in the
laboratory? Flg. 4.1
54. How would you bring about the
following conversions? Name
the prOcess and write the reaction involved.
(a) ethanol toethene.
(b) propanol to propanoic acid.
Write the reactions.
compound with molecular
55. Draw the possible isomers of the
formula C,H,0 and also give their electron dot structures.
56. Explain the given reactions with the examples
(a) Hydrogenation reaction
(b) Oxidation,reaction
(c) Substitution reaction
(d) Saponification reaction
(e) Combustion reaction
with concentrated H,S0, forms
57. An organiccompound Aon heating
addition of one mole of hydrogen in
a compound B which on
One mole of compound C on
presence of Niforms a compound C. moles of H,0. Identify
combustion forms two moles of CO, and 3 chemical equations of
write the
the compounds A, B andCand
the reactions involved.

CARBON AND TS COMPOUNDS