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Vijeta 2025
Maths Practice Sheet
Matrices
1. Consider the following statements 6. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then
I. Every zero matrix is a square matrix. (I – A)3 + A is equal to :
II. A matrix has a numerical value. (1) I
III. A unit matrix is a diagonal matrix. (2) O
Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct? (3) I – A
(1) Only II (2) Only III (4) I + A
(3) Both II and III (4) Both I and III
1 2 a 0
0 a b
7. Let A and B , a , b N . Then
3 4 0 b
2. If A 7 0 c is skew symmetric matrix then (1) There cannot exist any B such that AB = BA
1 6 0 (2) There exist more than one but finite number of
the value of abc is equal to B’s such that AB = BA
(1) 42 (2) –42 (3) There exist exactly one B such that AB =BA
(3) 49 (4) –49 (4) There exist infinitely many B’s such that AB =
BA
3. If A is a skew symmetric matrix, then An will be
(where n is an odd natural number) 8. How many distinct matrices exist with all four
(1) symmetric matrix entries taken form {1,2}?
(2) skew symmetric matrix (1) 16
(3) both symmetric and skew symmetric matrix (2) 24
(4) none of these (3) 48
(4) 32
4. How many matrices of different orders are possible
with elements comprising all prime numbers less 3 0 9
9. Assertion (A): The matrix A is a
than 30? 0 5 7
(1) 2 (2) 4 diagonal matrix.
(3) 3 (4) 6 Reason (R): If A = [aij]m × m , where aij = 0 if i j,
0 2 then A is called diagonal matrix.
5. If matrix A 2 4 8
and f(x)= 1 + x + x + x + x +
0 0 (1) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
16
x , find f (A), reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
1 2 2 2
(1) (2) (2) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but
0 1 0 0 reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
1 2 1 2 assertion (A).
(3) (4)
1 0 0 1 (3) Assertion (A) is true, but reason (R) is false.
(4) Assertion (A) is false, but reason (R) is true.
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10. In the question statements of Assertion (A) is 5,000 10,000 6,000 Ramakishan
followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the B
correct option. 20,000 10,000 10,000 Gurucharan
Assertion (A): If two matrices A = [aij]m × n and B = (a). The total sale in September and October for each
[bij]n × p are given, then product AB is defined and is farmer in each variety can be expressed as _____.
of m × p order. (1) A + B (2) A – B
Reason (R): Every square matrix can be expressed (3) A > B (4) A < B
as a sum of symmetric and skew-symmetric matrix.
(1) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
(b). What is the value of A23?
reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A). (1) 10,000 (2) 20,000
(2) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true, but (3) 30,000 (4) 40,000
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A). (c). The decrease in sales from September to October is
(3) Assertion (A) is true, but reason (R) is false. given by ______.
(4) Assertion (A) is false, but reason (R) is true. (1) A + B (2) A – B
(3) A > B (4) A < B
11. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I, then find the
simplified value of (A – I)3 + (A + I)3 – 7A.
(d). If Ramakishan receives 2% profit on gross sales,
cos sin compute his profit for each variety sold in October.
12. If A , find satisfying (1) Rs. 100, Rs. 200, Rs. 120
sin cos
(2) Rs. 100, Rs. 200, Rs. 130
0 when A AT 2 I 2 ; where AT is (3) Rs. 100, Rs. 220, Rs. 120
2
(4) Rs. 110, Rs. 200, Rs. 120
transpose of A.
13. If AB = BA for any two square matrices, prove by (e). If Gurucharan receives 2% profit on gross sales,
mathematical induction that (AB)n = An Bn. compute his profit for each variety sold in September.
(1) Rs. 100, Rs. 200, Rs. 120
1 3 2 (2) Rs. 1000, Rs. 600, Rs. 200
14. If A 2 0 1 , then show that (3) Rs. 400, Rs. 200, Rs. 120
1 2 3 (4) Rs. 1200, Rs. 200, Rs. 120
A 4 A2 3 A 11I O, Hence find A1.
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15. Two farmers Ramakishan and Gurucharan Singh
cultivate only three varieties of rice namely
Basmati, Permal and Naura. The sale (in Rupees) of
these varieties of rice by both the farmers in the
month of September and October are given by the
following matrices A and B.
September sale (in Rupees)
10,000 20,000 30,000 Ramakishan
A
50,000 30,000 10,000 Gurucharan
October sale (in Rupees)
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Hints and Solutions
1. (2) 7. (4)
Matrix does not have a numerical value. AB = BA
2. (2) a 2b a 2a
a = – 7, b = 1, c = 6 3a 4b 3b 4b
abc = – 7 × 1 × 6 = – 42
a=b
3. (2) Both a and b can be any real numbers but must be
As A is skew symmetric matrix equal
A' = A
Consider (An)' = ( A A ............... A) ' 8. (1)
n times As there are four entries/elements which are filled
A ' A ' A ' ............... A ' with either 1 or 2. Therefore, each entry can be
n times filled in 2 ways. So, four entries, by the
( A) ( A) ( A) ............... ( A) fundamental principle of multiplication can be
n times filled in 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ways, i.e., 16.
n
= (–A)
= –An ( n is odd)
9. (4)
An is skew symmetric.
For a matrix to be a diagonal matrix, it must be a
4. (2) 3 0 9
Number of prime numbers less than 30 are 10. So, square matrix. So, the given matrix A
0 5 7
possible orders of such matrices are
1 × 10, 10 × 1, 2 × 5 and 5 × 2. is not a diagonal matrix as it is not a square
matrix.
5. (1)
0 2 10. (2)
A
0 0
0 2 0 2 11. (A – I)3 = 4 (A – I)
A2
0 0 0 0 (A + I)3 = 4 (A + I)
(A – I)3 + (A + I)3 – 7A = 4(A – I) + 4(A + I) – 7A
0 0
A2 = 8A – 7A = A
0 0
A4 = A8 = A16 = 0
1 2 2cos 0 1 0
Hence, f (A) = I + A + A2 + A4 + A8 + A16 = 12. A AT 2cos
0 2cos 0 1
0 1
2cos .I 2 But A AT 2 I 2
6. (1)
As IA = AI = A, therefore, we can simplify it From (1) and (2), we obtain
using (a – b)3 identity. 2cos 2
Consider, (I – A)3 + A = I3 – A3 – 3I2A + 3IA2 +A
= I – A2 – 3A + 3A +A Hence,
=I–A+A 4
(I – A)3 + A = I
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13. Let P (n): (AB)n = AnBn 15. (a) (1)
P (1) : (AB)1 = A1B1 (b) (1)
AB = AB (c) (2)
So, P(1) is true. (d) (1)
Let P(n) is true for some k N Profit on sale of Ramakishan for each variety sold
in October is given by
So, P(k ):( AB) k Ak B k , k N …(1) [0.02] [500 10000 6000] = [100 200 120]
Now (e) (2)
( AB) k 1 ( AB) k ( AB) (using (1)) Profit on sales of Gurucharan for each variety sold
in September is given by
= Ak B k ( AB ) [0.02] [50000 30000 10000] = [1000 600 200]
= Ak B k 1 ( BA) B
Ak B k 1 ( AB) B (as given AB = BA)
Ak Bk 1 AB2
Ak B k 2 ( BA) B 2
Ak Bk 2 ABB2
Ak Bk 2 AB3
…….
…….
Ak 1Bk 1
Thus P(1) is true and whenever P(k) is
true P(k + 1) is true.
So, P(n) is true for all n N
9 7 5
14. A 1 4 1
2
8 9 9
28 37 26
A 10 5 1
3
35 42 34
1 2
A1 A 4 A 3I
11
2 5 3
7 1 5
1
11
4 1 6
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