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Color Image Processing

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21 views

Color Image Processing

Uploaded by

lencho3d
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Color Image Processing involves analyzing and manipulating color images using algorithms to

extract meaningful information, enhance image quality, or prepare images for specific
applications. Unlike grayscale images, which have a single intensity channel, color images have
multiple channels (e.g., RGB) that represent color information.

Key Concepts in Color Image Processing

1. Color Models and Spaces

• RGB (Red, Green, Blue): Used for most displays and cameras. Each pixel is represented
by three values corresponding to the intensity of red, green, and blue.
• HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value): Often used for color-based segmentation and filtering.
• YCbCr: Used in video compression; separates luminance (Y) and chrominance (Cb and
Cr).
• LAB (CIE Lab):* Perceptually uniform color space for advanced color processing.

2. Basic Operations in Color Image Processing

• Color Conversion:
o Convert between color models (e.g., RGB to HSV or grayscale).
o Example: Y=0.2989R+0.5870G+0.1140BY = 0.2989R + 0.5870G +
0.1140BY=0.2989R+0.5870G+0.1140B converts RGB to grayscale.
• Channel Manipulation:
o Process individual color channels separately for effects like enhancing red tones
or isolating blue regions.
• Color Histogram Equalization:
o Enhance the contrast of color images by equalizing histograms for each channel
or luminance (Y) in YCbCr.

3. Color Filtering and Segmentation

• Color Thresholding:
o Isolate objects in an image based on specific color ranges in a color space (e.g.,
skin detection using HSV thresholds).
• Region Segmentation:
o Separate distinct regions in an image based on their color properties.
• Color Masking:
o Mask parts of the image using a binary mask derived from color segmentation.

4. Enhancements and Transformations

• Color Balancing:
o Correct image colors for consistent appearance under varying lighting conditions.
• Smoothing and Sharpening:
o Apply filters (e.g., Gaussian blur) to reduce noise or sharpen details while
preserving color integrity.
• Edge Detection:
o Detect edges in a color image by combining edge maps of individual channels or
converting the image to grayscale.
• Pseudocoloring:
o Map grayscale intensity values to colors for better visualization (e.g., thermal
imaging).

5. Image Fusion

• Combine information from multiple images, such as overlaying thermal imaging data on
a visible-light image for enhanced context.

6. Applications of Color Image Processing

• Object Detection: Identify and classify objects based on their color (e.g., traffic signs,
fruits).
• Medical Imaging: Highlight specific tissues using color overlays or segmentation.
• Remote Sensing: Analyze satellite images for vegetation, water bodies, or urban areas.
• Augmented Reality (AR): Overlay digital content on real-world scenes with proper
color blending.
• Color Restoration: Restore faded or degraded colors in old photos or videos

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