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Sequence Series Mind Map

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100 views5 pages

Sequence Series Mind Map

Uploaded by

aayushsuryawanshi30
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sequence & Series

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Sequence & Series
Arithmetic Progression (AP)
Sequence is a function whose domain is the set N of natural numbers. AP is a sequence whose terms increase or decrease by a
Series: If a1, a2, a3, a4, …………….., an, …………….. Is a sequence, then the fixed number. This fixed number is called the common
expression a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + ……….. + …………. + an + ………… is a Difference.
series. If a is the first term & d the common difference, then AP can
A series is finite or infinite according as the number of terms in the be written as a nth term of this AP
corresponding sequence is finite or infinite. tn = a + (n - 1)d, where d = an - an-1
Progressions: It is not necessarily that the terms of a sequence always The sum of the first n terms the AP is given by
follow a certain pattern or they are described by some explicit formula for
the nth term. Those sequences whose terms follow certain patterns are
called progressions.

Where l is the last term.

Properties of Arithmetic Progression


1. 3 numbers in AP are a - d, a, a + d;
4 numbers in AP are a - 3d, a - d, a + d, a + 3d;
5 numbers in AP are a - 2d, a - d, a, a + d, a + 2d;
2. The sum of the two terms of an AP equidistant from the
beginning & end is constant and equal to the sum of first &
last terms.
3. Any term of an AP (except the first) is equal to half the sum of
terms which are equidistant from it. an=½(an-k + an+k), k < n.
4. tr = Sr - Sr-1
Sequence & Series Geometric Progression (GP)
In the sequence of non-zero terms, if each terms bears the same
constant ratio with its immediately preceding term, then that
sequence is called as Geometric progression and this constant
Arithmetic Mean ratio is called as Common Ratio (r).
General Form of a G.P.
If three terms are in AP then the middle term is called the AM
between the other two, so if a, b, c, are in AP, b is AM of a & c.
AM for any n positive number a1, a2, …………., an is; Where, first term = ‘a’ & common ratio = ‘r’
General Term of a G.P.
nth term = a rn-1

Sum of the 1st n terms i.e.


n-Arithmetic Means between Two Numbers
If a, b are any two given numbers & a, A1, A2, …….., A2, b are in
AP then A1, A2, ………., An are in AM’s between a & bv.

Properties of Geometric Progression

1. If a, b, c are in G.P., then

2. If a, b, c, ………… are in G.P., then


ka, kb, kc, ……. (where k ≠ 0) … are in G.P.
3. If a, b, c, ………… are in G.P., then

(where k ≠ 0 ) … are in G.P.

4. If a, b, c, ……….. Are in G.P., then


Ak, bk, ck, ………… are also in G.P.
Sequence & Series
Relation between AM & GM
Let A and G be arithmetic and geometric means of two positive
Geometric Mean numbers a and b. Then,

If a, b, c are in GP, b is the GM between a & c. b2 = ac, therefore

These two means possess the following properties


1. A≥G
n-Geometric Means between Two Numbers 2. If the Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean of two
If a, b, are two given numbers & a, G1, G2, ……., Gn, b positive numbers a and b are A and G respectively, then
are in GP. Then G1, G2, G3, ………….., Gn are in GMs A>G
between a & b. As A – G > 0
3. If A be the Arithmetic Mean and G be the Geometric Mean
G1 = a(b/a)1.n+1 = ar,
between two positive numbers a and b, then the
G2 = a(b/a)2/n+1 = ar2, ……………, quadratic equation whose roots are a, b is
Gna(b/a)n/n+1 = arn x2 - 2Ax + G2 = 0.
where r = (b/a)1/n+1 4. If A is the Arithmetic Means and G be the Geometric
Means between two positive numbers, and then the
numbers are
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