TV Remote controlled home appliance circuit

Connect this circuit to any of your home appliances (lamp, fan, radio, etc.) to
make the appliance turn on/off from a TV, VCD or DVD remote control. The
circuit can be activated up to 10 metres. The 38 kHz infrared (IR) rays
generated by the remote control are received by IR receiver module TSOP1738.
Pin 1 of TSOP1738 is connected to ground, pin 2 is connected to the power
supply through resistor R5 and the output is taken from pin 3. The output signal
is amplified by transistor T1 (BC558).

1. The amplified signal is fed to clock pin 14 of decade counter IC CD4017

(IC1).
2. Pin 8 of IC1 is grounded, pin 16 is connected to Vcc
3. Pin 3 is connected to LED1 (red), which glows to indicate that the
appliance is ‘off.’
4. The output of IC1 is taken from its pin 2. LED2 (green) connected to pin
2 is used to indicate the ‘on’ state of the appliance.
5. Transistor T2 (BC548) connected to pin 2 of IC1 drives relay RL1. Diode
1N4007 (D1) acts as a freewheeling diode.
6. The appliance to be controlled is connected between the pole of the relay
and neutral terminal of mains. It gets connected to live terminal of
AC mains via normally opened (N/O) contact when the relay
energises. One can use any NPN transistor in place of BC548. You can
also use SL100 or any NPN transistor lying around you.

The delay depends on the C1 capacitor. Using higher value capacitor will create
more delay and using less value capacitor will switch the circuit more than 2
times when you press a remote. Analyse the circuit by placing the 10uf
capacitor in place of C1 (100uf).
CD4017 IC Working.

CD4017 is a 16 pin CMOS decade counter/ Divider. It takes clock signal from
the clock input and turns on the 10 output in sequence, each time when it
receives clock input pulses.
In the CD 4017(IC 2) takes the clock pulses from the multivibrator as input and
it provides the counters (decoded outputs).These counters are advanced by one
during every positive cycle of the clock pulse if the Clock Inhibit signal is kept
low. Carry Out signal was given finally since Carry Out signal will completes
one cycle and makes it to begin from the first LED D1.
See more at: http://www.gadgetronicx.com/2012/07/disco-led-
lights.html#sthash.4610idgV.dpuf
An Introduction to IC4017
Most of us are more comfortable with 1, 2, 3, 4… rather than 001, 010, 011,
100. We mean to say that we will need a decimal coded output in many cases
rather than a raw binary output. We have many counter ICs available but most
of them produce binary data as an output. We will again need to process that
output by using decoders or any other circuitry to make it usable for our
application in most of the cases.
Let us now introduce you a new IC named IC 4017. It is a CMOS decade
counter cum decoder circuit which can work out of the box for most of our low
range counting applications. It can count from zero to ten and its outputs are
decoded. This saves a lot of board space and time required to build our circuits
when our application demands using a counter followed by a decoder IC. This
IC also simplifies the design and makes debugging easy.

IC 4017 Pin Diagram

It has 16 pins and the functionality of each pin is explained as follows:
Pin-1: It is the output 5. It goes high when the counter reads 5 counts.
Pin-2: It is the output 1. It goes high when the counter reads 0 counts.
Pin-3: It is the output 0. It goes high when the counter reads 0 counts.
Pin-4: It is the output 2. It goes high when the counter reads 2 counts.
Pin-5: It is the output 6. It goes high when the counter reads 6 counts.
Pin-6: It is the output 7. It goes high when the counter reads 7 counts.
Pin-7: It is the output 3. It goes high when the counter reads 3 counts.
Pin-8: It is the Ground pin which should be connected to a LOW voltage (0V).
Pin-9: It is the output 8. It goes high when the counter reads 8 counts.
Pin-10: It is the output 4. It goes high when the counter reads 4 counts.
Pin-11: It is the output 9. It goes high when the counter reads 9 counts.
Pin-12: This is divided by 10 output which is used to cascade the IC with
another counter so as to enable counting greater than the range supported by a
single IC 4017. By cascading with another 4017 IC, we can count up to 20
numbers. We can increase and increase the range of counting by cascading it
with more and more IC 4017s. Each additional cascaded IC will increase the
counting range by 10. However, it is not advisable to cascade more than 3 ICs
as it may reduce the reliability of the count due to the occurrence glitches. If
you need a counting range more than twenty or thirty, I advise you to go with
conventional procedure of using a binary counter followed by a corresponding
decoder.
Pin-13: This pin is the disable pin. In normal mode of operation, this is
connected to ground or logic LOW voltage. If this pin is connected to logic
HIGH voltage, then the circuit will stop receiving pulses and so it will not
advance the count irrespective of number of pulses received from the clock.
Pin-14: This pin is the clock input. This is the pin from where we need to give
the input clock pulses to the IC in order to advance the count. The count
advances on the rising edge of the clock.
Pin-15: This is the reset pin which should be kept LOW for normal operation. If
you need to reset the IC, then you can connect this pin to HIGH voltage.
Pin-16: This is the power supply (Vcc) pin. This should be given a HIGH
voltage of 3V to 15V for the IC to function.
This IC is very useful and also user friendly. To use the IC, just connect it
according the specifications described above in the pin configuration and give
the pulses you need to count to the pin-14 of the IC. Then you can collect the
outputs at the output pins. When the count is zero, Pin-3 is HIGH. When the
count is 1, Pin-2 is HIGH and so on as described above.
 Traffic Light Control
Traffic on road is controlled by lighting red, yellow and green signal. In
four way road when a street is running then the signal on the street will
green and same signal will show on opposite street. At this time the rest
of street will block by sowing red signal.

First we have to give dc supply voltage of 9 volt. Getting the voltage the
timer IC NE555 will active and generate a pulse time period. This time
period will be the provide clock time for clock IC CD4017. This clock IC
has ten output points. Combining the point we can arrange the signal.
Varying the resistance on IC NE555 between the discharge leg and
trigger with threshold leg we can delay the signals.

Circuit diagram

Here I used the astable timing operation of timer IC NE555 which

generate a duty cycle time period for the clock IC CD4017 to distribute
the output.
IC CD 4017 has 10 output terminals. The output of 4017 IC depends
upon the clock time which is produced by IC NE555

The connection diagram of IC CD4017 shown bellow

 Circuit Operation

The DC voltage supply active the IC1 NE555. IC1 NE555 is in astable
form which produces a clock duty cycle for IC2 CD4017. When IC1 give
duty cycle to IC2, IC2 distribute the clock time to its 10 output terminal.
By arranging the output terminal in connection it will glow the LED to as
required time.

The 4017 IC known as decade counter when get pulse it change its
decade output to next decade output. Initially when the power is supplied
the decade output Q0 will high. Then when get a pulse then output Q1
will high and so on.

Combining the outputs I have made a model for traffic signaling. The 1-4
decade outputs first is switching by diode 1N4148 to RED signal then
also decade output no Q4 is provide YELLOW signal through 1N4148.
After that output no Q5-Q8 is provided to GREEN signal then Q9 is
provided to YELLOW signal and continue.
 IR remote control extender / repeater

This project describes how to build an IR remote control extender / repeater to

control your electronic appliances from a remote location.

An IR detector module receives IR signal from remote control and two IR LEDs
are re-emitting the signal to the appliance. You can place the IR emitting LEDs
close to the device you would like to control using some wire and keep main
unit close to remote control location. In the image at the left LEDs are soldered
on the board. The circuit consists of three main parts, the IR receiver module, a
555 timer configured as an oscillator and the output / emitter stage. We will
describe circuit operation below.

Circuit is designed by Andy Collinson and can be found here:

http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk
IR Signal
The IR signal emitted from a remote control caries the information needed to
control the appliance. This signal consists of pulses that code 0 and 1 bits,
instructing the appliance to do a certain operation. One of the most common
protocols used to code the IR signal is Philips - RC5 protocol. The signal
consists of two parts, the control pulses and the carrier wave as seen in the
image below.

A common frequency used for the carrier is 38 KHz and control pulses
frequency is in the range of 1-3KHz. The carrier signal is modulated by the
control pulses and the resulting signal is emitted by remote in IR band of
electromagnetic spectrum. IR band is invisible to human eye. You can see if an
IR led is emitting light or not using a camera. Point the camera to the led and
you will see that light comes off.
Circuit description
IR signal is received by TSOP1738. TSOP1738 is an infrared receiver at
38KHz. At the output of infrared receiver we get a demodulated signal that
means we get the low frequency control pulses. Infrared receiver is powered
from C1, R1 and Z1 that forms a 5V power supply.
With no signal received, infrared detector output is high and Q1 is on, so
pin 4 of IC is LOW and 555 timer is in reset state. Q1 also acts as a level
shifter that converts 5V signal of TSOP1738 to 9V signal for IC1.
 1 is high with
no signal.

When HIGH control pulses are appearing on TSOP1738 output then timer 555
(which is configured as an oscillator) starts to oscillate at a pre-set frequency,
for the duration of each data pulse. That means that at pin 3 we get a signal
that is similar to modulated source signal. It has a carrier component and a
control pulses component. Oscillating frequency of 555 timer is set by R4 and
C2 and pulse period is given by:
T = 1.4 R4 C2
Trimmer R5 is used to fine tune oscillating frequency at 38 KHz. That's
equal to carrier frequency.
The output stage is formed from R6, Q2, one red LED, two IR LEDs and
two current limiting resistors R7 and R8. Q2 is connected as voltage follower,
that means when base of Q2 is HIGH transistor is ON allowing current to flow
through LEDs. LED current is set by R7 and R8 according the following
formula:

So IR LEDs are emitting a signal that is similar to the signal received by

TSOP1738 that means it repeats the signal received at higher infrared radiation
intensity. The red LED is used as an optical indicator of output signal. Circuit
can be powered from a 9V battery.

Parts List
R1 = 1k
R2 = 3k3
R3 = 10k
R4 = 15k
R5 = 4k7 trimmer
R6 = 2k2
R7 = 470R
R8 = 47R - 1/2W
C1 = 47uF - 16V
C2 = 1n - polyester
C3 = 100uF - 16V
C4 = 47uF - 16V
Z1 = 5V1 zener
Q1 = BC549C
Q2 = BC337
IC1 = NE555
LED1 = red LED
LED2,3 = IR LED
IR receiver = TSOP138 or IR38DM

PCB

Download PCB files in EAGLE format or PDF format

Testing
Before powering the circuit, remove IR LEDs. With no input red LED should
be off. Now press a button on a remote control, red led should flicker. If that's
the case then your circuit should be working ok. Install IR LEDs. We found
during testing that IR signal emitted from remote and IR signal emitted from
circuit are interfering each other and that's make receiving device not to react on
receiving the signal, this happens when IR from remote and IR from circuit's
LEDs are on the same room. To solve that we must isolate the IR beam of
remote control. To do that we used a thin pipe in front of infrared sensor as seen
in photo below, so that the beam emitted from remote hits the sensor directly.
Another solution to this would be to put the emitting LEDs on a different room.
Installation

We installed the circuit on the wall the way you see on the photo below. You can see that

remote control led is optically isolated from surround. You can also notice that one LED is

remotely placed near the device we would like to control.

References

 http://www.epanorama.net/zen_schematics/Circuits/Interface/irext4.html

 http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Interface/irext4.htm

 http://www.sbprojects.com/knowledge/ir/rc5.htm
Simple Remote Control Tester
Here is a handy gadget for testing of infrared (IR) based remote control
transmitters used for TVs and VCRs etc. The IR signals from a remote control
transmitter are sensed by the IR sensor module in the tester and its output at pin
2 goes low. This in turn switches on transistor T1 and causes LED1 to blink. At
the same time, the buzzer beeps at the same rate as the incoming signals from
the remote control transmitter. The pressing of different buttons on the remote
control will result in different pulse rates which would change the rate at which
the LED blinks or the buzzer beeps. When no signal is sensed by the sensor
module, output pin 2 of the sensor goes high and, as a result, transistor T1
switches off and hence LED1 and buzzer BZ1 go off. This circuit requires 5V
regulated power supply which can be obtained from 9V eliminator and
connected to the circuit through a jack. Capacitor C1 smoothes DC input while
capacitor C2 suppresses any sudden spikes appearing in the input supply. Here,
a plastic moulded sensor has been used so that it can easily stick out from a cut
in the metal box in which it is housed. It requires less space. Proper grounding
of the metal case will ensure that the electromagnetic emissions which are
produced by tube-lights and electronic ballasts etc (which lie within the
bandwidth of receiver circuit) are effectively grounded and do not interfere with
the functioning of the circuit. The proposed layout of the box containing the
circuit is shown in the figure. The 9-volt DC supply from the eliminator can be
fed into the jack using a banana-type plug.
Ultrasonic Switch

Circuit of a new type of remote control switch is described here. This circuit
functions with inaudible (ultrasonic) sound. Sound of frequency up to 20 kHz is
audible to human beings. The sound of frequency above 20 kHz is called
ultrasonic sound. The circuit described generates (transmits) ultrasonic sound of
frequency between 40 and 50 kHz. As with any other remote control system this
circuit too comprises a mini transmitter and a receiver circuit. Transmitter
generates ultrasonic sound and the receiver senses ultrasonic sound from the
transmitter and switches on a relay. The ultrasonic transmitter uses a 555 based
astable multivibrator. It oscillates at a frequency of 40-50 kHz. An ultrasonic
transmitter transducer is used here to transmit ultrasonic sound very effectively.
The transmitter is powered from a 9-volt PP3 single cell. The ultrasonic receiver
circuit uses an ultrasonic receiver transducer to sense ultrasonic signals. It also
uses a two-stage amplifier, a rectifier stage, and an operational amplifier in
inverting mode. Output of op-amp is connected to a relay through a
complimentary relay driver stage. A 9-volt battery eliminator can be used for
receiver circuit, if required. When switch S1 of transmitter is pressed, it
generates ultrasonic sound. The sound is received by ultrasonic receiver
transducer. It converts it to electrical variations of the same frequency. These
signals are amplified by transistors T3 and T4. The amplified signals are then
rectified and filtered. The filtered DC voltage is given to inverting pin of op-
amp IC2. The non- inverting pin of IC2 is connected to a variable DC voltage
via preset VR2 which determines the threshold value of ultrasonic signal
received by receiver for operation of relay RL1.
The inverted output of IC2 is used to bias transistor T5. When transistor
T5 conducts, it supplies base bias to transistor T6. When transistor T6 conducts,
it actuates the relay. The relay can be used to control any electrical or electronic
equipment.
Important hints:

1. Frequency of ultrasonic sound generated can be varied from 40 to 50 kHz

range
by adjusting VR1. Adjust it for maximum performance.

2. Ultrasonic sounds are highly directional. So when you are operating the
switch
the ultrasonic transmitter transducer of transmitter should be placed towards
ultrasonic receiver transducer of receiver circuit for proper functioning.

3. Use a 9-volt PP3 battery for transmitter. The receiver can be powered from a
battery eliminator and is always kept in switched on position.
4. For latch facility use a DPDT relay if you want to switch on and switch off
the load. A flip-flop can be inserted between IC2 and relay. If you want only
an ‘ON-time delay’ use a 555 only at output of IC2. The relay will be
energised for the required period determined by the timing components of
555 monostable multivibrator.

5. Ultrasonic waves are emitted by many natural sources. Therefore,

sometimes, the circuit might get falsely triggered, espically when a flip-flop
is used with the circuit, and there is no remedy for that.
Teleremote Control

Here is a teleremote circuit which enables switching ‘on’ and ‘off’ of appliances
through telephone lines. It can be used to switch appliances from any distance,
overcoming the limited range of infrared and radio remote controls
The circuit described here can be used to switch up to nine appliances
(corresponding to the digits 1 through 9 of the telephone key-pad). The DTMF
signals on telephone instrument are used as control signals. The digit ‘0’ in
DTMF mode is used to toggle between the appliance mode and normal
telephone operation mode. Thus the telephone can be used to switch on or
switch off the appliances also while being used for normal conversation.
The circuit uses IC KT3170 (DTMF-to-BCD converter), 74154 (4-to-16-line
demultiplexer), and five CD4013 (D flip-flop) ICs. The working of the circuit
is as follows.
Once a call is established (after hearing ring-back tone), dial ‘0’ in DTMF
mode. IC1 decodes this as ‘1010,’ which is further demultiplexed by IC2 as
output 010 (at pin 11) of IC2 (74154). The active low output of IC2, after
inversion by an inverter gate of IC3 (CD4049), becomes logic 1. This is used to
toggle flip-flop-1 (F/F-1) and relay RL1 is energised. Relay RL1 has two
changeover contacts, RL1(a) and RL1(b). The energised RL1(a) contacts
provide a 220-ohm loop across the telephone line while RL1(b) contacts inject a
10kHz tone on the line, which indicates to the caller that appliance mode has
been selected. The 220-ohm loop on telephone line disconnects the ringer from
the telephone line in the exchange. The line is now connected for appliance
mode of operation.
If digit ‘0’ is not dialed (in DTMF) after establishing the call, the ring continues
and the telephone can be used for normal conversation. After selection of the
appliance mode of operation, if digit ‘1’ is dialed, it is decoded by IC1 and its
output is ‘0001’. This BCD code is then demultiplexed by 4-to-16-line
demultiplexer IC2 whose corresponding output, after inversion by a CD4049
inverter gate, goes to logic 1 state. This pulse toggles the corresponding flip-
flop to alternate state. The flip-flop output is used to drive a relay (RL2) which
can switch on or switch off the appliance connected through its contacts. By
dialing other digits in a similar way, other appliances can also be switched ‘on’
or ‘off.’
Once the switching operation is over, the 220-ohm loop resistance and 10kHz
tone needs to be removed from the telephone line. To achieve this, digit ‘0’ (in
DTMF mode) is dialed again to toggle flip-flop-1 to de-energise relay RL1,
which terminates the loop on line and the 10kHz tone is also disconnected. The
telephone line is thus again set free to receive normal calls.
This circuit is to be connected in parallel to the telephone instrument.