Problem 1:

import java.util.Iterator;

interface Work<T> extends Iterable<T> {

boolean noWork();

Work<T> addwork(T x);

T viewWork();

Work<T> removeWork();

Work<T> reverse();

default Iterator<T> iterator() {

return new WorkIterator<T>(this);

class WorkIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {

private Work<T> l;

public WorkIterator(Work<T> l) {

this.l = l;

public boolean hasNext() {

return !l.noWork();

public T next() {

T result = l.viewWork();

l = l.removeWork();

return result;

}
}

class NoWork<T> implements Work<T> {

public NoWork() { }

public boolean noWork() {

return true;

public T viewWork() {

throw new RuntimeException("No work!");

public Work<T> removeWork() {

throw new RuntimeException("No work!");

public Work<T> addwork(T x) {

return new SomeWork<T> (x,this);

public Work<T> reverse() {

return new NoWork<T>();

class SomeWork<T> implements Work<T> {

public T data;

public Work<T> next;

public SomeWork(T x, Work<T> l) {

data = x; next = l;

public boolean noWork() {

 return false;

public T viewWork() {

return this.data;

public Work<T> removeWork() {

return this.next;

public Work<T> addwork(T x) {

return new SomeWork<T> (x,this);

public Work<T> reverse() {

Work<T> result = new NoWork<T>();

for(T t: this) result = new SomeWork<T>(t,result);

return result;

public class Doit {

public static void main(String[] arr) {

Work<String> work = new NoWork<>();

for(String s: arr) work = work.addwork(s);

for(String s: work.reverse()) System.out.println(s);

}
Problem 2:
import java.util.*;

class LibraryItem {

private static int nextId = 1;

private final int id;

private final String title;

private boolean available;

public LibraryItem(String title) {

this.id = nextId++;

this.title = title;

this.available = true;

public int getId() {

return id;

public String getTitle() {

return title;

public boolean isAvailable() {

return available;

}
public void setAvailable(boolean available) {

this.available = available;

public void checkOut() {

if (available) {

available = false;

System.out.println("Item checked out: " + getTitle());

} else {

System.out.println("Item is not available for checkout: " + getTitle());

public void checkIn() {

available = true;

System.out.println("Item checked in: " + getTitle());

@Override

public boolean equals(Object o) {

if (this == o) return true;

if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

LibraryItem that = (LibraryItem) o;

return id == that.id;

@Override

public int hashCode() {

 return title.hashcode() * 29 + id * 29 * 29;

@Override

public String toString() {

return "LibraryItem - ID: " + id + ", Title: " + title + ", Available: " + available;

class Library<T extends LibraryItem> {

private Map<Integer, T> itemMap;

private Set<T> checkedOutItems;

public Library() {

this.itemMap = new HashMap<>();

this.checkedOutItems = new HashSet<>();

public void addItem(T item) {

itemMap.put(item.getId(), item);

public void removeItem(T item) {

itemMap.remove(item.getId());

checkedOutItems.remove(item);

public void displayAvailableItems() {

System.out.println("Available Items:");
 for (T item : itemMap.values()) {

if (item.isAvailable()) {

System.out.println(item);

public void displayCheckedOutItems() {

System.out.println("Checked Out Items:");

for (T item : checkedOutItems) {

System.out.println(item);

public void checkOutItem(int itemId) {

T item = itemMap.get(itemId);

if (item != null && item.isAvailable()) {

item.checkOut();

checkedOutItems.add(item);

} else {

System.out.println("Item with ID " + itemId + " is not available for checkout.");

public void checkInItem(int itemId) {

T item = itemMap.get(itemId);

if (item != null && !item.isAvailable()) {

item.checkIn();

checkedOutItems.remove(item);
 } else {

System.out.println("Item with ID " + itemId + " is not checked out.");

class Book extends LibraryItem {

private String author;

public Book(String title, String author) {

super(title);

this.author = author;

public String getAuthor() {

return author;

public String getAuthorInfo() {

return "Author: " + author;

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Book - ID: " + getId() + ", Title: " + getTitle() + ", " + getAuthorInfo() + ", Available: " +
isAvailable();

}
class DVD extends LibraryItem {

private String director;

public DVD(String title, String director) {

super(title);

this.director = director;

public String getDirector() {

return director;

public String getDirectorInfo() {

return "Director: " + director;

@Override

public String toString() {

return "DVD - ID: " + getId() + ", Title: " + getTitle() + ", " + getDirectorInfo() + ", Available: " +
isAvailable();

}
Problem 3:
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
int result = 10 / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Your Full Name");
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("KIU");
}
}