Radiotelephony Communication

CONTENT
I Pre-start ........................................................ 3
1. Radio check and ATIS ...................................................................................................... 3

2. Departure information and ATC clearance.................................................................... 4

II Start up and Taxi ........................................ 5

1. Pushback and start up ..................................................................................................... 5

2. Taxi .................................................................................................................................... 6

III Takeoff and Departure ............................ 7

1. Takeoff .............................................................................................................................. 7

2. Departure and Climb ....................................................................................................... 8

IV En Route ..................................................... 9
1. Position Report and Level Information .......................................................................... 9

2. Join, Cross Airways and Hold en Route ....................................................................... 11

V Arrival and Approach .............................13

1. Descent and Holding ..................................................................................................... 13

2. Approach ........................................................................................................................ 15

VI Landing and After Landing ..................16

1.Traffic Circuit.................................................................................................................... 16

2. Missed Approach and Local Training........................................................................... 18

3. Final Approach and After Landing ............................................................................... 20

VII Radar Control .........................................21

~1~
 1. Radar Identification and Vectoring .............................................................................. 21

2. Vectoring to Final Approach and Traffic Information................................................. 22

3. Precision Radar Approach ............................................................................................. 23

VIII Adverse Weather Flying .....................25

1. Low visibility and Windshear......................................................................................... 25

2. Thunderstorm, Turbulence and Icing ........................................................................... 26

IX Abnormal Situations ..............................28

1.Essential Aerodrome Information and Ground Events ................................................ 28

2. Problems in Flight .......................................................................................................... 31

X Urgency and Distress ..............................33

1. Urgency and Communications Failure ......................................................................... 33

2. Distress ............................................................................................................................ 35

~2~
I Pre-start

1. Radio check and ATIS

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, parking at stand 1 Alpha, now contact
Wu Han ground for radio check on 1 2 1 decimal 6.
PIL: Wuhan Ground, Air China 9 8 1, stand 1 Alpha, request radio check
on 121.6
R2
GND: Station calling Ground, say again your call-sign…
PIL: Wuhan Ground Air China 9 8 1 radio check on 121.6, how do you
read me now?
R3
GND: Air China 9 8 1, Wuhan Ground, your signal is unstable, check
your transmitter and give me a short count.
PIL: Roger, Ground,Air China 9 8 1, 1…2…3…4…5, how do you read?
R4_1
GND: Air China 9 8 1, read you 3, loud background whistle, check again.
R4_2
N: You have confirmed your equipment is doing well, contact the ground,
check the radio again.
PIL: Ground, Air China 9 8 1,1…2…3…4…5, how do you read now?
R5_1
GND: Air China 9 8 1 loud and clear.
R5_2
N: Show your gratitude
PIL: Thank you Air China 9 8 1.
R6-ATIS
Beijing capital international airport, information Sierra, 0700 UTC, ILS
approach runway 36Right, 36Left, 01, depending parallel approaches,
wind 040 06meters per second, gusting to 11 meters per second, wind
variable from 360 degrees to 090 degrees, CAV-OK, temperature 23

~3~
centigrade, dew point -2 centigrade, QNH 1017 hectopascals, please set
the transponder on mode Sierra while taxing, report type of aircraft when
initially contact Approach, RNAV Arrival is available. Advise on initial
contact you have information Sierra and confirm you will comply RNAV
procedures.

2. Departure information and ATC clearance

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, now contact Wu Han Delivery for
departure information.
PIL: Wu Han Delivery, Air China 9 8 1, request departure information.
R2
DLV: Air China 9 8 1, surface wind 280 degrees, 8meters per second,
gusting to 25, temperature 31 dew-point 27, QNH 1012hectopascals,
departure runway 36Left.
PIL: Roger, runway 36L QNH 1012, Air China 9 8 1.
R3
N: There are 5 minutes before start up on gate 2, contact Delivery, tell
them you are ready.
PIL: Delivery,Air China 9 8 1, 5 minutes before start, gate 2 to Beijing
R4
DLV: Air China 9 8 1, cleared to Beijing via Zulu Foxtrot, flight planned
route, initial climb to3600m, Zulu Foxtrot0 2 Charlie Departure, request
level change for 10100m en route, squawk5310.
PIL: Cleared to Beijing via ZF flight planned route, initial climb to
5600m, ZF 02C Departure, level change for 10100m en route, squawk
5310, Air China 9 8 1.
R5_1
DLV: Air China 9 8 1 confirm initial climb to 3600m
R5_2
N: Tell the controller YES.
PIL:Affirm, initial climb to 3600m,Air China 9 8 1
R6

~4~
DLV: Air China 9 8 1 read-back correct, contact Ground on 121.6, good
day
PIL: 121.6 Air China 9 8 1, good day

II Start up and Taxi

1. Pushback and start up

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, parking at stand Mike 7, your
destination is Hong Kong, you have received ATIS Bravo,now tell Wu
Han ground you are ready for pushback and start-up.
PIL: Wuhan Ground,Air China 9 8 1, Stand Mike 7, Destination Hong
Kong, information Bravo received,ready for pushback and start-up
R2
GND: Air China 9 8 1 standby
PIL: Standing by. Air China 9 8 1
R3
GND: Air China 9 8 1 pushback and start-up approved, expect runway
18Right, LKO-1D Departure, squawk 3123
PIL: Pushback and start-up approved, runway in use 18R, LKO-1D
Departuresquawk 3123, Air China 9 8 1
R4
GND: Read-back correct, call me back when ready for taxi.
PIL:Roger, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
N: Tell ground you are ready for pushback.
PIL: Ground,Air China 9 8 1, ready for pushback.
R6_1
GND: Confirm parking brakes released.
R6_2
N: Tell ground you YES.
PIL: Affirm, parking brakes released.

~5~
R7
GND: Thank you, commencing pushback.
PIL: Roger
R8
GND: It's OK to start all engines during the push. Approved to start
engine, sequence number 4 3 2 1.
PIL: Starting engines…
R9
GND: Pushback completed, confirm parking brakes set please.
PIL: Parking brakes set
R10
N: All engines have been started, you have checked everything is normal,
tell controller you are going to disconnect interphone, and show your
gratitude.
PIL: All engines have been started, check everything normal, disconnect
interphone, thank you good-bye.
R11
GND: Good-bye sir.

2. Taxi

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, parking at stand Mike 7, your
destination is Hong Kong, you have received ATIS Bravo,now tell Wu
Han ground you are ready for taxi.
PIL：Wuhan Ground, Air China 9 8 1, Stand M7, destination HongKong,
information B received, request taxi instructions.
R2_1
GND:Air China 9 8 1, taxi via taxiway Mike and Alpha to holding point
runway 36.
R2_2
N: Tell Wu Han ground you want taxi to the end of runway 3 6 via
taxiway echo 3, then backtrack.
PIL: Request taxi to the end of r/w36 via taxiway E3, then backtrack,

~6~
CCA981.
R3
GND: Air China 9 8 1 negative due traffic.
R4
GND: Air China 9 8 1 hold at Echo 3 intersection, give way to the
landing Boeing 757 on final.
PIL: Holding at E3 intersection, traffic in sight, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
GND: Air China 9 8 1 continue taxi, expedite, aircraft taxiing behind.
PIL: Expediting Air China 9 8 1
R6
GND: Air China 9 8 1, hold at Alpha 9 intersection, give way to Boeing
747 from your right to left, he isnumber one.
PIL: Holding at A9 intersection, traffic in sight, Air China 9 8 1.
R7
GND: Air China 9 8 1, contact Tower 124 decimal 35, good day
PIL: Contact Tower 124. 35. Air China 9 8 1

III Takeoff and Departure

1. Takeoff

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now approaching holding
point runway 0 4, contact tower control.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, approaching holding point runway 04
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 hold short of runway 04, report Cessna 1 7 2 on
final in sight.
PIL: Holding short, wilco, Air China 9 8 1.
R3
N: Tell tower you can see the landing Cessna.
PIL: Wuhan Tower,Air China 9 8 1, traffic in sight.

~7~
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1, behind the landing Cessna, line up and wait
behind, runway 0 4.
PIL: Behind the landing Cessna, lining up and waiting behind, r/w 04, Air
China 9 8 1
(Later ...)
R5
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 after departure climb on runway heading until
500meters, then turn left to Delta Alpha, surface wind 330 degrees
8meters per second, runway 04, cleared for takeoff.
PIL: Climb to 500m then turn left to DA, runway 04, cleared for takeoff,
Air China 9 8 1.
R6
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 cancel. I say again, cancel takeoff. vehicle crossing
runway.
PIL: Holding Air China 9 8 1.
(Later ...)
R7
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 cleared for takeoff, runway 04, report airborne.
PIL: Cleared for takeoff, runway 0 4, wilco, Air China 9 8 1.
R8
N: Tell ATC you are airborne at time 3 2.
PIL: Tower, Air China 9 8 1, airborne 32.
R9
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 contact Departure 121decimal 2, good day.
PIL: 121. 2 good day, Air China 9 8 1.

2. Departure and Climb

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now passing 600 meters,
contact Wuhan departure.
PIL: Wuhan Departure Air China 9 8 1, 600m climbing.

~8~
R2
DEP: Air China 9 8 1,Wuhan departure, radar identified, turn left heading
220 until passing 900meters, on QNH1012, then follow Lima Kilo Oscar
0 1Departure, fly direct to Lima Kilo Oscar.
PIL: Left turn heading 220 till passing 900m on QNH 1012, LKO-1D,
direct LKO, Air China 9 8 1.
R3
DEP: Air China 9 8 1 expedite climb to 3000meters on QNH 1 0 1 2,
report when reaching.
PIL: Expediting climb to 3000m on QNH, will report reaching 3000m,
Air China 9 8 1.
R4_1
DEP: Air China 9 8 1 cancel SID, fly heading 200 direct Lima Kilo Oscar,
climb and maintain 4800meters on standard.
R4_2
N: Read back the instruction, and request 6000 meters.
PIL: Cancel SID heading 200 direct LKO, climb and maintain 4800m on
standardrequest 6000m, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
DEP: Air China 9 8 1 negative, you can request a higher level from
Wuhan Area Control.
PIL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1
R6
DEP: Air China 9 8 1, contact Wuhan Control on 123 decimal 5
PIL: 123. 5 good day, Air China 9 8 1.

IV En Route

1. Position Report and Level Information

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now over flying Kilo Romeo
at 6600 meters at time 1 2 1 5, make an initial contact with Beijing

~9~
control.
PIL: Beijing Control, Air China 9 8 1, over KR at 15, 6600meters
maintaining.
R2_1
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 advise if able to cross Lima Mike at 25
R2_2
N: Tell controller YES.
PIL:Affirm, Air China 9 8 1.
R3
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 cross Lima Mike at 25 or later.
PIL: Cross LM at 25 or later, Air China 9 8 1.
R4_1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 climb to 9500meters, report passing 9000meters.
R4_2
N: Read back the instruction, and request 10700 meters.
PIL: Climbing to 9500m, will report passing 9000m, request 10700m, Air
China 9 8 1.
R5
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 negative for the moment, expect higher level after
Lima Mike
PIL:Roger, Air China 9 8 1.
R6
N: Tell controller you are passing 9000 meters.
PIL: Beijing Control, Air China 9 8 1, passing 9000m.
R7
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 continue climb and maintain 9500meters until
advised.
PIL: Climbing to and maintain 9500m, Air China 9 8 1.
R8
N: Contact ATC, tell them you are maintaining 9500 meters, over fly
Lima Mike at time 2 5, estimating Whiskey X-ray India at 5 0.
PIL:Beijing Control, Air China 9 8 1LM25 at9500m, estimating WXI 50
R9
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 continue climb and maintain 10700m, report

~ 10 ~
reaching.
PIL: Leaving 9500m for 10700m, will report when reaching, CCA981.
R10
N: Report to ATC you are leveling at 10700 meters.
PIL: Beijing Control, Air China 9 8 1, leveling at 10700m.
R11
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 roger, report40DME351 radial Whiskey X-ray India
PIL: Wilco, Air China 9 8 1
R12
N: Now report to ATC your position 4 0 DME 3 5 1 radial, over flying
Whiskey X-ray India VOR at time 4 8.
PIL:Air China 9 8 140DME351 radial WXI,WXI48
R13
CTL: Roger Air China 9 8 1, contact Zhengzhou Control on 124 decimal
5, good-day.
PIL: 124.5, Air China 9 8 1, good-day

2. Join, Cross Airways and Hold en Route

R1
N: You are the pilot of Air China 9 8 1, cruising at 4800 meters, over
flying Lima Kilo Oscar at time 2 5, estimating DAPRO at time 36,
contact Guangzhou control, request clearance to join airway Alpha 461 at
DAPRO.
PIL: Guangzhou Control Air China 9 8 1, LKO 25 at 4800m, estimating
DAPRO 36, request clearance to joinA461 at DAPRO.
R2
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 climb to and maintain 8900meters, cleared to
Guangzhou, flight plannedroute 8900meters, join Alpha 461 at DAPRO
at 8900meters.
PIL: Cleared to Guangzhou via DAPRO, flight planned route 8900m, to
enter controlled airspace 8900m, Air China 9 8 1.
(Later ...)
R3

~ 11 ~
N: Now you are cruising at 8900 meters, 50 miles north of Lima India
Golf, expect over fly Lima India Golf at time 5 1, request clearance to
crossairway Romeo 4 7 3 at Lima India Golf.
PIL: Guangzhou Control Air China 9 8 1, 50 miles north of LIG at
8900m, LIG 51, request clearance to crossairway R473 at LIG.
R4
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 cleared to cross Romeo 473 at Lima India Golf
8900meters.
PIL: Cleared to cross R473 at LIG 8900m, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 report Lima India Golf.
PIL: Wilco, Air China 9 8 1.
(Later ...)
R6
N: You are now over Lima India Golf at time 51 at 8900 meters,
estimating Papa 1 1 3 at 0 8, next BUBDA, make a standard position
report to Guangzhou Control.
PIL: Guangzhou Control, Air China 9 8 1 LIG 51 8900m, P113 08,
BUBDA next.
(Later ...)
R7
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 cleared to leave controlled airspace via Yankee
India November, maintain 8900meterswhile in controlled area.
PIL: Cleared to leave controlled airspace via YIN, maintain 8900m while
in controlled area,Air China 9 8 1.
R8
N: You are now over Yankee India November at time 2 7 at 8900 meters,
request descent.
PIL:Guangzhou Control, Air China 9 8 1, YIN 27, 8900m, request
descent.
R9
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 descend to and maintain 6600meters, hold at
Yankee India November at 6600meters due delays atGuangzhou, turns

~ 12 ~
right.
PIL: Descend to and maintain 6600m, hold at YIN at 6600m, right turns.
Air China 9 8 1.

V Arrival and Approach

1. Descent and Holding

R1
N: You are the pilot of Air China 9 8 1, cruising at 9800 meters, make an
initial contact with Zhengzhou control, request descent.
PIL: Zhengzhou Control Air China 9 8 1, maintaining 9800 meters,
request descent.
R2
CTL: Air China 9 8 1Zhengzhou Control, radar identified. Descend to
7800meters after passing Zulu Hotel Oscar.
PIL: Expect descent to 7800m after ZHO Air China 9 8 1.
R3
N: Now you are over flying Zulu Hotel Oscar at time 1 5, leaving
9800meters for 7800meters, estimating OBLIK at time 23, report this to
ATC.
PIL: Zhengzhou Control Air China 9 8 1 ZHO 15, leaving 9800m for
7800m, OBLIK 23
R4
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 report passing even levels
PIL: Wilco Air China 9 8 1.
R5
N: Tell ATC you are passing 10400 meters.
PIL: Zhengzhou Control Air China 9 8 1 passing 10400m.
R6
CTL: Roger Air China 9 8 1, continue descent to and maintain
7200meters.
PIL: Continue descend and maintain 7200m Air China 9 8 1

~ 13 ~
R7
N: You are now leveling at 7200 meters, OBLIK ETA 2 3, contact ATC
request further instructions.
PIL: Zhengzhou ControlAir China 9 8 1 level at 7200m, OBLIK 23
R8
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 contact Wuhan Control 135 decimal 2.
PIL: 135.2 for Wuhan Control Air China 9 8 1
R9
N: You are now maintaining 7200 meters, OBLIK ETA 2 3, make an
initial contact with Wuhan Control.
PIL: Wuhan Control Air China 9 8 1, OBLIK 23, 7200m
R10
CTL: Air China 9 8 1, Wuhan Control, descend to 4800meters, direct to
Zulu Foxtrot
PIL: Leaving 7200m for 4800m, direct to ZF Air China 9 8 1
R11
N: Tell ATC you are maintaining 4800 meters at Zulu Foxtrot.
PIL: Wuhan Control Air China 9 8 1 4800m at ZF
R12
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 contact Wuhan Approach 121decimal 1
PIL:121.1Air China 9 8 1
R13
N: You are now maintaining 4800 meters at Zulu Foxtrot, make an initial
contact with Wuhan Approach.
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1 ZF 4800m
R14
APP: Air China 9 8 1 descend to 3000meters on QNH 1010
PIL: Descending to 3000m 1010 Air China 9 8 1
R15_1
APP: Air China 9 8 1 hold over Hotel Golf due to traffic
R15_2
N: You need to request holding procedure.
PIL: Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1 request holding procedure.
R16

~ 14 ~
APP: Air China 9 8 1 hold on the 179 radial of the Hotel Golf VOR
between 60km and 80kmDME, 3000meters, inbound track 359, left hand
pattern, expect approach clearance at 1315.
PIL: Hold on the 179 radial HG VOR between 60km and 80km DME,
3000m, inbound track 359, left hand pattern, Air China 9 8 1
R17
APP: Air China 9 8 1 read-back correct.

2. Approach

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, maintaining 5400 meters, estimating
ZF at time 12, you have received information Delta,now you are
approaching Wuhan airport, make an initial contact with Wuhan
Approach, request descent.
PIL:Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1, maintaining 4500 meters,
estimating ZF 12, information D received.
R2
APP: Air China 9 8 1 cleared direct Zulu Foxtrot 4500meters, hold at
Zulu Foxtrot as published, expect approach time 40.
PIL: Direct ZF and hold, leaving 5400m for 4500m Air China 9 8 1
(Later ...)
R3
APP: Air China 9 8 1 revised expected approach time 55.
PIL: Roger Air China 9 8 1
(Later ...)
APP: Air China 9 8 1 expect ILS approach runway 36Left.
PIL: ILS runway36L, Air China 9 8 1.
R4
APP: Air China 9 8 1 descend to 1800meters, QNH 1010.
PIL: Descend to 1800m, QNH 1010,Air China 9 8 1.
R5
APP: Air China 9 8 1 cleared ILS approach runway 36Left, you are

~ 15 ~
number 3.
PIL: ILS runway 36L Air China 9 8 1.
R6
N: Tell ATC you are descending to 1800 meters.
PIL:Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1, 1800m
R7
APP: Air China 9 8 1,continue descend to 1200meters, report established
on the localizer.
PIL: Descending to 1200m Air China 9 8 1
R8
N: Report to ATC you have established localizer runway 3 6 left.
PIL: Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1, established localizer
R9
APP: Air China 9 8 1 roger, reduce speed to 220knots, report outer maker,
you are number 2.
PIL: Reducing to 220kts Air China 9 8 1
R10
N: Report to ATC you are over flying outer marker.
PIL: Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1,outer marker.
R11
APP: Air China 9 8 1 reduce your speed to minimum, contact Tower 124
decimal 35.
PIL: Reducing to minimum, 124. 35 Air China 9 8 1.

VI Landing and After Landing

1.Traffic Circuit

Dialogue(I）
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, overhead the airfield at 1200 meters,
you have received information Foxtrot,contact Wuhan Tower for landing.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1 overhead at 1200m, information F for

~ 16 ~
landing.
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 descend to circuit height 900meters, QFE 1006,
join right hand downwind runway 04, report joining.
PIL: Right hand downwind runway 04, 900m, QFE 1006 Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: Tell ATC you are now flying on downwind.
PIL: Tower Air China 9 8 1 downwind
R4_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 extend downwind, number two follow Airbus 320
6km final.
R4_2
N: Acknowledge the transmission, and tell ATC you are waiting for
instructions which clear you turn to the base.
PIL: Number two, Airbus in sight, advise me turning base Air China 9 8 1
R5
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 turn to base now, report final
PIL: Turning base, Air China 9 8 1
R6
N: Tell ATC you are now on final.
PIL: Tower Air China 9 8 1 final
R7
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 make one orbit right, report again on final
PIL:Roger, orbiting right 981
R8
N: Tell ATC you are now on final.
PIL: Tower Air China 9 8 1 final
R9
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 continue approach wind 170 degrees 7meters per
second.
PIL: Continue approach, Air China 9 8 1.
Dialogue(Ⅱ）
R1

~ 17 ~
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now have runway 3 6 right in
sight,contact Wuhan Tower for landing.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1 runway 36R in sight
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 circle to land runway 18Right, report downwind
PIL: Circle to runway 18R, Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: Tell ATC you are now flying on downwind.
PIL: Tower Air China 9 8 1 downwind
R4_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 make long approach, you are number two, number
one Boeing triple 7, 4km final, report have it in sight.
R4_2
N: Acknowledge the transmission, and tell ATC you can see the traffic.
PIL: Number two, traffic in sight
R5
N: Tell ATC you are now on final.
PIL: Tower Air China 9 8 1 final
R6
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 follow number one, make visual approach runway
18Right.
PIL: Visual approach 18R Air China 9 8 1
R7
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 maneuver right and left for spacing, you are too
close to preceding traffic
PIL: Maneuvering right and left Air China 9 8 1
R8
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 cleared to land 18Right, wind 210 degrees 8meters
per second.
PIL: Cleared to land 18R Air China 9 8 1.

2. Missed Approach and Local Training

R1

~ 18 ~
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now over flying outer
marker,contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, outer marker.
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 reduce to minimumapproach speed，Airbus 340
lining up for takeoff, I'll keep you advised
PIL: Reducing to minimum, Air China 9 8 1
R3_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 the runway is still blocked, go around
R3_2
N: Acknowledge the transmission, and request detailed information about
the going around procedure.
PIL: Going around, what is the standard procedure?Air China 9 8 1
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 climb straight ahead to 600meters, then turn right
inbound to Hotel Golf at 900meters.
PIL: Roger, climbing to 600 and turn right inbound to HG at 900m Air
China 9 8 1
R5
N: You are now over flying outer marker again,contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, outer marker.
R6_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 report visual
R6_2
N: Tell Wuhan Tower that you can see the runway and request touch and
go for training.
PIL:Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, runway in sight, request touch and go
for training
R7
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 negative due traffic congestion.Make full stop,
cleared to land
PIL: Roger, cleared for full stop landing Air China 9 8 1

~ 19 ~
3. Final Approach and After Landing

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now established on runway
36Right,contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1 is fully established runway 36R
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 report outer marker, QNH 1012
PIL: QNH 1012 Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: You are now over flying outer marker,contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, outer marker.
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 continue approach, Airbus just rolling
PIL: Roger, continue approach, Air China 9 8 1
R5
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 cleared to land runway 36Right, wind 330 degrees
8meters per second
PIL:Cleared to land 36R,Air China 9 8 1
R6
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 landing time 05, backtrack the runway, take Echo
4 on your right
PIL: Backtracking, vacate via E4, Air China 9 8 1
R7
TWR:Air China 9 8 1 expedite vacating runway, aircraft on short final
PIL: Expediting Air China 9 8 1
R8
TWR:Air China 9 8 1 contact Ground 121decimal 65 when vacated
PIL:121.65Air China 9 8 1
R9
N: Contact Wuhan Ground tell them you have vacated the runway.
PIL: Wuhan Ground Air China 9 8 1 runway vacated
R10
GND:Air China 9 8 1 taxi on taxiway Alpha until reaching Alpha 9

~ 20 ~
intersection, then turn right proceed to parking, report marshaller in sight
PIL: Roger, taxiway A to A9 intersection right turn for parking Air China
981
R11
N: Tell Wuhan ground that you have the marshaller in sight.
PIL: Air China 9 8 1marshaller in sight, good bye
R12
GND: Good bye

VII Radar Control

1. Radar Identification and Vectoring

R1_1
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 report heading
R1_2
N: Tell Wuhan controlthat you are now heading 2 0 0, and maintaining
3300 meters.
PIL: Wuhan control Air China 9 8 1 heading 200, 3300m
R2
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 for identification, turn right heading230
PIL: Right heading 230 Air China 9 8 1
R3
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 identified, 20km northwest of Zulu Foxtrot, fly
heading 190
PIL: Heading 190 Air China 9 8 1
R4
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 turn left heading 350
PIL: Left heading 350 Air China 9 8 1
R5
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 turn right heading 200 to cross Hotel Golf
PIL: Right heading 200 cross HG Air China 9 8 1
R6

~ 21 ~
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 turn right heading 245 to Delta Alpha
PIL: Turning right heading 245 to DAAir China 9 8 1
R7
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 hold at Delta Alpha as published, radar
identification will be temporarily lostdue radar failure, remain this
frequency
PIL: Holding at DA as published Air China 9 8 1
R8
CTL:Air China 9 8 1 radar resuming operation fly heading 085, descend
to 1200meters onQNH 1002
PIL: Heading 085 descending to 1200m QNH 1002, Air China 9 8 1
R9
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 make a left orbit for sequencing
PIL: Orbiting left, Air China 9 8 1
R10
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 resume own navigation, direct Whiskey Hotel
Alpha track 08025km
PIL: 080 25km direct WHA Air China 9 8 1

2. Vectoring to Final Approach and Traffic Information

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are approaching Wuhan airport,
4200 meters, ETA Zulu Foxtrot at time 15, you have received ATIS Bravo,
now contact Wuhan Approach..
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1, 4200m ZF 15, information B
R2
APP:Air China 9 8 1 radar contact, radar vector for ILS approach runway
36Right
PIL: ILS runway 36R Air China 9 8 1
R3
APP: Air China 9 8 1 now turn right heading 200 and descend to
1800meters QNH 1001
PIL: Right heading 200 descending to 1800m Air China 9 8 1

~ 22 ~
R4
APP: Air China 9 8 1 reduce speed to 210knots
PIL: Reducing to 210kts Air China 9 8 1
R5
APP: Air China 9 8 1 turn right heading 240 to Delta Alpha
PIL: Right heading 240 to DA Air China 9 8 1
R6
APP: Air China 9 8 1 traffic 2 o'clock 10km west bound fast moving
PIL: Looking Air China 9 8 1
R7
N: Tell Wuhan Approach that you can see the traffic, and it looks like a
helicopter, now you have cleared of the traffic.
APP: Air China 9 8 1 traffic in sight, it looks like a helicopter, now
passed clear
R8
APP: Roger,Air China 9 8 1 turn left heading 080 and descend to
1200meters, you are number 3
PIL: Heading 080 descending to 1200m Air China 9 8 1
R9
APP: Air China 9 8 1 turn left heading 020, cleared ILS runway 36Right,
report established
PIL: Heading 020, ILS runway 36R, Air China 9 8 1
R10
N: You are now established on runway 36Right,contact approach.
PIL: Wuhan approach Air China 9 8 1 ILS established
R11
APP: Air China 9 8 1 25km from touchdown, contact Tower on 118
decimal 7
PIL: 118.7 for Tower Air China 9 8 1

3. Precision Radar Approach

CTL: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Precision report heading and altitude

PIL: Heading 330 at 900 meters Air China 9 8 1

~ 23 ~
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 this will be a precision radar approach runway 36R,
obstacle clearance altitude 120m, position 11km southwest of Wuhan,
turn right heading350, descend to 750 meters, QNH 1012
PIL: Precision approach runway 36R, heading 350 descending to 750
meters, QNH1012,Air China 9 8 1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 closing from the right, turn right heading 360
PIL: Right heading 360 Air China 9 8 1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 on track approaching glide path, heading is good
PIL:Air China 9 8 1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 report runway in sight
PIL: Air China 9 8 1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 do not acknowledge further transmissions, on track
approaching glide path
Check your minima
Commence descent now at 2.5 meters per second, I say again 2. 5 meters
per second
Check wheels down and locked
On glide path 9km from touchdown
Slightly left of track
Turn right 5 degrees new heading 005, I say again 005
7km from touchdown slightly below glide path
30 meters too low adjust rate of descent
Still 15 meters too low, turn left 3 degrees heading 002, on track 5km
from touchdown
Coming back to the glide path
On track 4 1/2km from touchdown
Resume normal rate of descent
Air China 9 8 1 cleared to land
On glide path
Heading 002 is good, slightly above glide path
31/2 km from touchdown
Coming back to the glide path
On glide path3km from touchdown
Turn left 2 degrees new heading 360

~ 24 ~
21/2 km from touchdown
On glide path, 2km from touchdown, rate of descent is good, I 1/2km
fromtouchdown on glide path, 1km from touchdown on glide path, 1/2km
fromtouchdown on glide path, approach completed
After landing contact 118.7

VIII Adverse Weather Flying

1. Low visibility and Windshear

Dialogue (I)
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are approaching Wuhan airport.
You have established on runway 3 6 right, now contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1 ILS established, approaching runway
36R
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 continue approach the weather is deteriorating,
report outer marker
PIL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: You are now over flying outer marker again,contact Wuhan Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower, Air China 9 8 1 outer marker
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 you are number one, RVR runway 36 less than
800meters
PIL: Number one to land Air China 9 8 1
R5
N: You cannot see the runway at your decision height,tell Wuhan Tower
you are going around.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1, no contact at minima, going around
R6
TWR: Standard procedure, contact 129 decimal 0

~ 25 ~
PIL:129.0Air China 9 8 1

Dialogue (II)
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are approaching Wuhan airport.
You have fully established on runway 3 6 right, now contact Wuhan
Tower.
PIL: Wuhan Tower Air China 9 8 1 fully established ILS runway 36R
R2_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 continue approach, report outer marker, caution
windshear reported at 1800 meters 4km final
R2_2
N: Ask controller when was the windshear reported.
PIL: Air China 9 8 1 when was the windshear reported
R3_1
TWR: It was reported 10 minutes ago by an Airbus 320
R3_2
N: Tell controller you want to change the landing runway.
PIL: Is it possible to change landing runway, Air China 9 8 1
R4_1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 negative for the moment due weather
R4_2
N: Tell controller you have to make a go around and divert to alternate
airport.
PIL: Tower, Air China 9 8 1 missed approach and we would like to divert
to our alternate
R5
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 climb to 1200 meters and contact 119 decimal 1
PIL: 1200 meters,119.1 Air China 9 8 1

2. Thunderstorm, Turbulence and Icing

R1

~ 26 ~
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, contact Wuhan Control you have an
indication of weather about 40km ahead of your route, request turn right
to detour it.
PIL: Air China 9 8 1 we have an indication of weather about 40km ahead
of us, requestturnright to detour it
R2
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 negative due prohibited area, turn left 30 degrees
and track out35km, report clear of the build-up
PIL: Turning 30 degrees left with 35km Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: Tell ATC you are now cleared of the CB, and closing back to the
course.
PIL:Wuhan Control Air China 9 8 1, now cleared of CB and closing back
to the course
R4
CTL: Air China 9 8 1roger, report joining
PIL: Air China 9 8 1
R5
N: Tell ATC you are now on course at 10100meters Estimated Time of
Overobleek 45.
PIL: Wuhan control Air China 9 8 1 now on course at 10100m ETO
OBLIK 45
R6
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 contact Zhengzhou on 122 decimal 20
PIL: 122. 20, Air China 9 8 1 good-day
R7
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 maintain 10100m, next Zulu Hotel Oscar
PIL: Maintaining 10100m, Air China 9 8 1
R8_1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 report flight conditions.
R8_2
PIL: Air China 9 8 1 B767 at 10100m 80km to ZHO, encountering
moderate icing
R9

~ 27 ~
CTL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1 keep us advised if conditions continue or get
worse
PIL:Air China 9 8 1
R10
N: Now contact Zhengzhou control, tell them your anti-ice system has
malfunctioned, request descent.
PIL: Zhengzhou control, Air China 9 8 1 request descent, our anti-ice
system is inoperative
R11
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 descend to 6900meters, we had a pilot report 10
minutes ago, there wasmoderate turbulence at 8000meters over Zulu
Hotel Oscar
PIL: Down to 6900m, thanks for the alert Air China 9 8 1
R12
N:You have been caught in severe turbulence, 30 passengers injured, 5
are serious, you must divert to Zhengzhou, request ambulance and
first-aid on arrival, contact Zhengzhou control.
PIL: Zhengzhou control, Air China 9 8 1 we've just been caught in severe
turbulence, 30 passengers havebeen injured, 5 are serious, we have to
divert to Zhengzhou, request ambulance and first-aid on our arrival
R13
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 cleared to Zhengzhou, ambulance will be ready on
your arrival
PIL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1

IX Abnormal Situations

1.Essential Aerodrome Information and Ground Events

Dialogue(I)
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are parking at stand 1 0 8,
destination Beijing, you have five minutes before start up, contact Wuhan

~ 28 ~
delivery.
PIL: Wuhan Delivery Air China 9 8 1, stand 108, we are bound for
Beijing, five minutesbefore start.
R2_1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Delivery, I have not got your flight plan.
Stand by while I check.
R2_2
N: Tell Wuhan delivery, your flight plan was filed an hour ago.
PIL: Delivery Air China 9 8 1, as far as we are concerned, it was filed an
hour ago.
R3_1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 the computer has failed to produce a strip for you,
call you back.
R3_2
CTL: Air China 9 8 1, have you got information D
R3_3
N: Tell the controller yes, you are going to depart as scheduled.
PIL: Affirm, we anticipate an on-time departure, Air China 9 8 1
R4_1
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 delays are building up on your route, traffic going
the same way hasbeen delayed 20 minutes, so there is likely to be a delay
of 30 minutes for you
R4_2
N: Ask controller whether you could make a level change so as to avoid
further delay.
PIL: It would save us the delay to make a level change, we can accept any
alternate levels, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
CTL: Air China 9 8 1 negative, it is subject to regulations, your slot time
will be 55, call you then.
PTL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1.
Dialogue (Ⅱ)
R1

~ 29 ~
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 continue approach, runway is wet, previous
landing Airbus reportedstanding water on the runway, braking action
poor.
PIL: Roger request ILS categoryⅡapproach, Air China 9 8 1
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1, ILS categoryⅡ is unserviceable due the red
side-bars of the approach lighting inoperative, ILS categoryⅠ minimums
is effective.
PIL:Roger ILS category I, Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: The runway lights are too dim from your perspective, ask Wuhan
tower to brighten up the approach lights.
PIL: Wuhan Tower, Air China 9 8 1 please brighten up the approach
lights, they look dim.
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 they are already on maximum setting, cleared to
land runway 36Right.
PIL: Cleared to land, runway 36R Air China 9 8 1
R5
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 landing time 45, vacate by the end of runway,
contact 121 decimal 65, good-bye
PIL:121.65Air China 9 8 1
R6
N: Now contact Wuhan ground, tell them you have vacated the runway.
PIL: Wuhan Ground Air China 9 8 1, runway vacated
R7
GND: Air China 9 8 1 taxi to the terminal via taxiway Echo 1, Alpha and
Alpha 3, be advised the taxiwaycenterline lighting in the first portion of
taxiway Alpha is off, taxi with caution
PIL: Taxiway E1 A and A3 Air China 9 8 1
R8
N: Tell ground the taxiway seems to be very slippery, does he or she have
any previous report issued by others.
PIL: Ground Air China 9 8 1, the taxiway seems very slippery, do you

~ 30 ~
have any previousreport?
R9
GND: Air China 9 8 1 it must be frozen ruts and ridges, we had such a
report an hour ago, caution the snow drifts on the left side of Alpha 3
intersection
PIL: Air China 9 8 1 looking.
R10
N: You have skidded off the taxiway on the right side of alpha 3
intersection, your right main gear stuck in the mud, request a tug and
passenger stairs.
PIL: Ground, Air China 9 8 1 we have just skidded off the taxiway on the
right side of A3 intersection, right main gear stuck in the mud we can’t
seem to get back to the paving, request a tug and passenger stairs
R11
GND: Air China 9 8 1 we'll send you a tug and passenger stairs in a few
minutes
PIL: Thank you, Air China 9 8 1.

2. Problems in Flight

Dialogue (I)
R1
TWR: Air China 9 8 1cleared for take-off, wind 340 degrees 8meters per
second
PIL: Taking off Air China 9 8 1
R2
TWR: Air China 9 8 1 stop immediately, I say again, stop immediately.
Flames coming from right main gear.
PIL: Stopping Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: Tell tower control you are standing on the stop way, executing
emergency evacuationrequest emergency services
PIL: Air China 9 8 1 we are standing on the stop way, executing
emergency evacuationrequest emergency services

~ 31 ~
R4
TWR: Air China 9 8 1. fire engines and ambulance will be available in a
few minutes
PIL: Thank you, Air China 9 8 1.
R5
N: This time, contact Wuhan Approach, tell them your number three
engine has partially disintegrated,request return for landing.
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1, number three engine has partially
disintegrated,request return for landing
R6
APP: Air China 9 8 1 turn right proceed to Hotel Golf, make straight in
ILS approach runway 36Right
PIL: Turning right to HG runway 36R, Air China 9 8 1
R7
N: Now you have another problem, the hydraulic pressure is dropping
rapidly, you need to check gear extension
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1 we have another problem, the
hydraulic pressure is dropping rapidly, we’ll check gear extension, call
you back
R8
N: Tell approach you got only one green light, you have lost the main
gear, and you will try to extend the landing gear manually.
PIL: Air China 9 8 1, we’ve got only one green, wehave lost the main
gear, we’ll try manual extension
R9_1
APP: Air China 9 8 1 roger.
R9_2
N: Tell approach you failedto extend the landing gear manually, you have
to make a belly landing, request foam the runway and dumping
instructions.
PIL: Wuhan ApproachAir China 9 8 1 unable to crank it down, we have
to make a belly landing, requestfoam the runway and dumping
instructions
R10_1

~ 32 ~
APP: Air China 9 8 1 will you have trouble climbing
R10_2
N: Tell controller you can manage it.
PIL: We can manage it Air China 9 8 1
R11
APP:Air China 9 8 1 climb and maintain 4800meters to Lima Kilo Oscar,
after passing Lima Kilo Oscar heading 210 tostart jettison, when finish
turn left heading 030 to Lima Kilo Oscar
PIL: Climbing to and maintain 4800m to LKO, after LKO heading 210 to
startdumping, heading 030 to LKO upon completion, Air China 9 8 1

X Urgency and Distress

1. Urgency and Communications Failure

Dialogue (I)
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you are now over flying Zulu Foxtrot
at time 22 at 4200 meters, contact Wuhan Approach.
PIL:Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1, ZF 22 at 4200
R2
APP:Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Approach, after passing ZuluFoxtrot track to
Hotel Golf at 3600meters
PIL: Roger 3600m to HG Air China 9 8 1
R3
N: Tell controller you are inbound Hotel Golf in two minutes.
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1, HG in two minutes
R4
APP:Air China 9 8 1 proceed to Hotel Golf and hold at 1200meters, QNH
1010 due to traffic congestion, standard pattern
PIL: Hold at HG, 1200m, QNH 1010, Air China 9 8 1
R5
N: Contact Wuhan approach, ask then what are the delays look like, you

~ 33 ~
have been holding for 50 minutes.
PIL: Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1, what are the delays like? We've
been holding forover 50 minutes
R6
APP: Air China 9 8 1 expect another 10 minutes delay due ground
accident
PIL: Roger, Air China 9 8 1
R7
N: You have one of your passengers suffering from heart attack, request
leave the holding and landing priority, this is an urgent call.
PIL: PANPAN, PANPAN, PANPAN, Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1,
passengerwith suspected heart attack, request leave the holding and
landing priority
R8
APP: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Approach, roger, turn left heading 030 and
descend to 900metes,you'll be number one
PIL: Left heading 030 and down to 900m, Air China 9 8 1

Dialogue (II)
R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you have intercepted an urgency call
from Speed Bird 1 6 9, its first officer has been seriously injured after
bird strike, request priority landing and medical assistance, the aircraft’s
position north of Hotel Golf at 3600 meters, contact Wuhan Approach.
PIL: PANPAN, PANPAN, PANPAN Wuhan Approach, Air China 9 8 1,
intercepted urgency call from BAW169, I say again BAW169, first officer
has been seriously injured after bird strike, request priority landing and
medical assistance, the aircraft’s position north of HG at 3600m
R2_1
APP: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Approach, roger
R2_2
APP: Speed bird 169 make straight in approach ILS runway 36Right,
wind 190 degrees 10meters per second,QNH1001

~ 34 ~
(No answer from BAW169)
R2_3
APP: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Approach,please relay this message to
Speed bird 169
R2_4
N: Tell control you are ready to copy
PIL: Ready to copy Air China 9 8 1
R3
APP: Speed bird 169 is cleared to make straight in approach, ILS runway
36Right, wind190 degrees, 10meters per second, QNH 1001, ambulance
will be ready on his arrival
PIL: BAW169, Air China 9 8 1, Wuhan Approach clears you a straight in
ILS approach runway 36R, wind 190 degrees 10meters per second QNH
1001, ambulance will be ready for you

2. Distress

R1
N: Your callsign is Air China 9 8 1, you have your port engine failed, will
attempt to land at Wuhan airport, position 5km west of Zulu Foxtrot
4800meters,heading 190, contact Wuhan Approach, this is a distress call.
PIL: MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY Wuhan Approach Air China 9 8 1,
port engine failed, will attempt to land at your airport, 5km west of ZF
4800m,heading 190.
R2
APP: Air China 9 8 1 Wuhan Approach, roger MAYDAY, radar vectors to
ILS runway18Right, turn right heading 190 to Hotel Golf and descend to
3600meters QNH 1010, you’ll be number one
PIL: Right heading 190, descending to 3600m 1010, runway 18R Air
China 9 8 1
R3
N: You have successfully restarted your port engine, report this to ATC,
and cancel the distress.
PIL: Wuhan ApproachAir China 9 8 1 cancel distress, engine restarted

~ 35 ~
R4
APP: Air China 9 8 1roger cancel MAYDAY, turn right heading 210 for
ILS approachrunway 18Right, report established
PIL: Right heading 210, runway 18R, Air China 9 8 1
R5_1
APP: All stations, Wuhan Approach, distress traffic ended
R5_2
N: Tell approach you have established the localizer
PIL: Approach Air China 9 8 1, established localizer
R6
APP: Air China 9 8 1 contact Tower 124 decimal 35, good-day
PIL: 124. 35 Air China 9 8 1, good-day
R7
N: Contact Wuhan Tower you are now on final.
PIL: Wuhan Tower, Air China 9 8 1, final
R8_1
TWR:Air China 9 8 1 runway 18Right, continue approach, you are
number one
R8_2
N: Tell Wuhan Tower you are now over flying the outer marker.
PIL:Wuhan Tower,Air China 9 8 1 outer marker
R9
TWR:Air China 9 8 1 runway18Right, cleared to land
PIL: Cleared to land runway 18R Air China 9 8 1
R10
N: Suddenly, you have yourport engine on fire, emergency slides are
released, request fire services and first-aid, contact Wuhan Tower, this is a
distress call.
PIL: MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY Wuhan Tower,Air China 9 8 1 left
engine on fire, emergency slides are released, request fire services and
first-aid.

~ 36 ~