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Comparison of Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, and Floyd-Warshall Algorithms
Feature Dijkstra Bellman-Ford Floyd-Warshall
Finds shortest path Finds the shortest from a single source Finds shortest paths path from a single Purpose to all other vertices, between all pairs of source to all other even with negative vertices. vertices. weights. Weighted graph, Weighted graph, Weighted graph with including graphs with including graphs with Graph Type non-negative negative weights (no negative weights (no weights. negative cycles). negative cycles). O(VE), where V is O(V^2) or O(E + V the number of Time Complexity log V) with a priority O(V^3). vertices and E is the queue (binary heap). number of edges. Dynamic Dynamic Algorithm Type Greedy Programming Programming Negative Weight Not supported. Supported. Supported. Edges Detects and reports Cannot handle graphs Negative Weight Not handled; the negative weight with negative weight Cycles algorithm may fail. cycles. cycles. Space Complexity O(V). O(V). O(V^2). Shortest path from Shortest path from the source to all Shortest paths Result the source to all vertices or detection between all pairs of vertices. of negative weight vertices. cycles. Efficient for large Useful when negative Used for dense graphs with weights exist and graphs or when Usage Scenarios non-negative cycle detection is all-pairs shortest weights. needed. paths are required.