GeoLn5 Minerals and Energy resources answerkeys

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Lesson 5 - Minerals and Energy Resources – Book back exercises

Multiple choice questions

(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks,


leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
(a) coal (b) bauxite (c) gold (d) zinc
Ans: (b) bauxite

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the


following minerals?
(a) bauxite (b) mica (c) iron ore (d) copper
► (b) mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the
following rocks?
(a) sedimentary rocks (b) metamorphic rocks
(c) igneous rocks (d) none of the above
► (a) sedimentary rocks

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) oil (b) uranium (c) thorium (d) coal
► (c) thorium

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.


(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
(ii) What is a mineral?
(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Answer
(i) (a)
Ferrous minerals Non-ferrous minerals

Metallic minerals which contain iron Metallic minerals which do not


are called ferrous minerals, e.g. iron contain iron are called non-ferrous
ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc. minerals, e.g. copper, bauxite, tin, etc.

(b)
Non-conventional Sources of
Conventional Sources of Energy Energy

Conventional sources of energy are Non-conventional sources of energy


those sources which have been use have generally been identified in the
since the early times. recent past.

They are exhaustible except hydro-


energy. They are inexhaustible.

They cause pollution when used as


they emit smoke and ash. Generally these are pollution-free.

Their generation and use involve huge


expenditure. Low expenditure required.

Very expensive to maintain, store,


transmit as they are carried over long Less expensive due to local use and
distances through transmission grids. easy maintenance.

Examples are – geothermal energy,


solar energy, wind energy, tidal
Examples are – coal, natural gas, energy, biogas energy, nuclear
water, fire-wood. energy.

(ii) A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable


interior structure.

(iii) In igneous and metamorphic rocks, molten/liquid and gaseous minerals are
forced upwards into the cracks. They then solidify and form veins or lodes.

(iv) It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the
present rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow.
Hence, mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. Due to this, it is
important that we conserve the mineral resources.

3. Answer the following questions.

(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India.


(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Answer
→ The major resources of metallurgical coal belong to the Gondwana age and
are located mainly in the north eastern part of the peninsula.
→ Rich reserves of coal are found in the Damodar Valley region in the states of
West Bengal and Jharkhand. Raniganj in West Bengal and Jharia and Bokaro in
Jharkhand are important coalfields. One third of the total production comes
from here.
→ Coal is also found in the Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys.
Korba in Chhattisgarh, Singrauli and Penah-kanhan valley in Madhya Pradesh,
Talcher in Orissa, Kamptee and Chandrapur in Maharashtra and Singareni of
Andhra Pradesh are important coal mines.
→ Tertiary coal occur in the north eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam,
Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
→ Principal lignite reserves are found in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu.

(ii) Solar energy has a bright future in India because –


→ India being a tropical country receives sunlight in abundance throughout the
year.
→ Solar plants can be easily established in rural and remote areas.
→ It will minimize the dependence of rural households on firewood and dunk
cakes which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate
supply of manure in agriculture.

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