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Tutorial_2

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djariwala
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Tutorial 2

PHN-504304 (Elements of Condensed Matter Physics)

Problem 1. The angles between the tetrahedral bonds of diamond are the same as the
angles between the body diagonal of a cube. Use elementary vector analysis to find the
value of the angle.

Problem 2. Consider the planes with indices (100) and (001) of a fcc lattice of a conven-
tional cell. What are the indices of thee place when referred to the primitive axes.

Problem 3: Consider a plane (hkl) in a crystal lattice. (a) Prove that the reciprocal lattice
vector G=hb1+kb2+lb3 is perpendicular to this plane. (b) Prove that the distance be-
tween two adjacent planes of the lattice is d(hkl)=2π/|G| (c) Show that for a simple cu-
bic lattice that d2=a2/(h2+k2+l2)

Problem 4: The primitive translational vectors of the hexagonal lattice may be taken as
a1=(31/2a/2)i+(a/2)j, a2=-(31/2a/2)i+(a/2)j, a3=ck
(a) Find out the volume of the primitive cell
(b)Find out the primitive translational vectors of the reciprocal lattice
(c) Sketch the first Brillouin zone of the hexagonal lattice.

Problem 5: Prove that volume of the volume of the fist Brillouin zone is (2π)3/V. V is the
volume of a crystal primitive cell. Show that reciprocal of a reciprocal primitive vectors
is privative vector of direct lattice.

Problem 6: Consider the crystal structure of diamond. The basis consists of eight atoms
if cell is taken as the conventional cube. (a) Find the structure factor. Find the conditions
for S to become zero and some finite value.

Problem 7: α-Co has an hexagonal close-packed structure (hcp) with lattice spacing of
a=2.51 angstroms. β-Co is fcc with a cube spacing of 3.55 angstroms.
(a) What is the difference in density between the two forms.
(b) Assume that the hcp structure has an ideal a/c ratio. Calculate and compare the po-
sitions the first five X-ray powder diffraction peaks.

Problem 8: Find the atomic form factor for solid hydrogen, given the number density
n(r)= (πa03)-1 exp(-2r/a0). Where a0 is Bohr radius.

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