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Some Useful Mathematical Expressions For Exam

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13 views11 pages

Some Useful Mathematical Expressions For Exam

Uploaded by

mushwak456
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pythagorean theorem:

a'+ 6' =
Quadratic formula:

-b± V62 4ac


2a

Distance formula:

d= v(*2- 1)2 + (y2 - U1)?


Slope-intercept form of a line:

Point-slope form of a line:


Midpoint formula:
T1 + 2 y1 ty2
2 2

Law of sines:
C

sin A sin B sin C


Law of cosines:

G='+b²- 2ab cos C


Sum of angles in a triangle:
A+B C=180°
Area of a triangle:
1
A= -bh
2
Volume of a sphere:
4
V=r3
3

Volume of a cylinder:
V=r2h

Volume of a cone:
1
V=÷rh
3

Surface area of a sphere:


A= 4p2

Surface area of a cylinder:


A= 2rr +2rrh
Surface area of a Cone:

A= Tr+ Trs

Binomial theorem:

(a+ b)" =
k=0

Fundamental theorem of calculus:

f(z) dr = F(6) F(a)

Derivative of a constant:
d
(c) =0
da
Power rule for derivatives:
d
(a) = nz-1
dz
De Moivre's theorem:

(cos + i sin z)"= cos(nT)+ isin(næ)


Fundamental trigonometric identities:
sin zt cos =1

1+ t a n =sec

1+ cot2 Z= csc

Double angle formulas:


sin 22 =2sin TcOs T

cos 2x = cos - sin

2 tan C
tan 2c =
1- tan z
Half angle formulas:
1 cOS T
sin()=* 2

1+ cos T
co)-*
COS
2

tan
1+ coS T
Sum-to-product formulas:
+ B B

-()-()
sin A + sin B = 2 sin
2
COS
2

A+ B\ A- B
cOs A + cos B =2 cos
())
2 2

B B
sin A
-()a2)
sin B = 2 cos sin

A+ B B
cOs A
--2sia()sin()
cOs B = -2 sin
2 2

Product-to-sum formulas:
1
cos Acos B = 2 lcos(A - B) + cos(A + B)

sin Asin B= lcos(A


2
- B) cos(A + B))

1
sin Acos B =sin(A + B) + sin(A B)]
Product rule for derivatives:

d, T9)= f'g + fg'


Quotient rule for derivatives:
d
f'g-fg
da (4)
Chain rule for derivatives:
g?

d
da (f(9(r) = f'(olo)) (r)
Integration by substitution:

|f(glr))d(2) dz = f(u) du, where u= g(z)


Integration by parts:
u du = UU v du

L'Hopital's rule:

If lim
f(æ) Or then lim f(z) = lim f'(a)
g(z) 0 L’a 9() g'(a)
Taylor series:

f(a) = m=0
n! -(z - a)"
Hyperbolic functions:

sinh ¢=
et-e
e - e
2

e +e2
cosh =
2

sinh z
tanh z =
cosh
Inverse trigonometric functions:

arcsin T, arccos T, arctan

Logarithmic identities:

log(ry) = log z + log y

log = log x - log y

log(") = n log a
Exponential identities:

(e") =e

e=1
Binomial coefficients:

n!
k kl(n k)!

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