M08 Hand Tools
M08 Hand Tools
August, 2022
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Table of Contents
Acknowledgment ........................................................................................................................... 3
Acronym......................................................................................................................................... 4
Acronym
Module Instruction
For effective use this modules trainees are expected to follow the following module
instruction: 1.Read the information written in each unit
2.Accomplish the Self-checks at the end of each unit
3.See the operation sheet at the end of each unit
4.Do the operation sheet at the end of each unit
5.Read the identified reference book for Examples and exercise
Unit one: Basic Network overview
This Module is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following content
coverage and topics:
oIntroduction of network
oIdentification of types of network
oIdentification of forms of Ethernet Cables
Straight Through
Crossover
Rollover
This Module will also assist you to attain the learning outcomes stated in the above. Specifically, upon
completion of this Module, you will be able to:
oIntroduce network
oIdentify types of Network
oIdentify forms of Ethernet Cables
Straight through
Crossover
Rollover
1.1 Introducing network
A network is a group of computers that are connected to share hardware and software. The group can
be as small and simple as two computers and a printer set up in a house or as large and complex as
thousands of computers and hundreds of printers and other devices. In order for the computers to
communicate with each other, they must share three elements: a network media and topology, a
protocol, and a software client or service
Topology is refers to the arrangement or physical layout of computers, cables, and other
components on the network. "Topology" is the standard term that most network professionals
use when they refer to the network's basic design.
Protocol is rule by which two or more devices interconnect each other on a network
Network media refers to the communication channels used to interconnect nodes on a computer
network.
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to
communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications. A computer
network can be categorized by their size. A computer networkis mainly of four types
Fig.1.2.1 Types of network
Wired Personal Area Network: Wired Personal Area Network is created by using the USB.
oBody Area Network: Body Area Network is a network that moves with a person. For example, a
mobile network moves with a person. Suppose a person establishes a network connection and
then creates a connection with another device to share the information.
oOffline Network: An offline network can be created inside the home, so it is also known as a home
network. A home network is designed to integrate the devices such as printers, computer,
television but they are not connected to the internet.
oSmallHome Office: It is used to connect a variety of devices to the internet and to a corporate
network using a VPN
oIn MAN, various LANs are connected to each other through a telephone exchange line.
oThe most widely used protocols in MAN are RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc. o
It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN).
When talking about cable pinouts, we often get questions as to the difference in Straight-through,
Crossover,
and Rollover wiring of cables and the intended use for each type of cable. These terms are referring to
the way
the cables are wired (which pin on one end is connected to which pin on the other end). Below we will
try to
shed some light on this commonly confused subject.
Straight-Through refers to cables that have the pin assignments on each end of the cable. In other
words, Pin 1
connector A goes to Pin 1 on connector B, Pin 2 to Pin 2, etc. Straight-Through wired cables are most
commonly used to connect a host to a client. When we talk about cat5e patch cables, the Straight-
Through
wired cat5e patch cable is used to connect computers, printers, and other network client devices to the
router
switch or hub (the host device in this instance).
Wire pins for cable end A Wire pins for cable end B
Pin 1
Pin 1 Pin 2
Pin 2 Pin 3
Pin 3 Pin 4
Pin 4 Pin 5
Pin 5 Pin 6
Pin 6 Pin 7
Pin 7 Pin 8
Pin 8
Wire pins for cable end A Wire pins for cable end B
Crossover wired cables (commonly called crossover cables) are very much like Straight-Through
cables with the exception that TX and RX lines are crossed (they are at opposite positions on either
end of the cable. Using the 568-B standard as an example below, you will see that Pin 1 on connector
A goes to Pin 3 on connector B. Pin 2 on connector A goes to Pin 6 on connector B, etc. Crossover
cables are most commonly used to connect two hosts directly. Examples would be connecting a
computer directly to another computer, connecting a switch directly to another switch, or connecting a
router to a router. Note: While in the past, when connecting two host devices directly, a crossover cable
was required. Nowadays, most devices have auto-sensing technology that detects the cable and
device and crosses pairs when needed.
Wire pins for cable end A Wire pins for cable end B
Pin 1
Pin 3 Pin 2
Pin 6 Pin 3
Pin 1
Pin 4 Pin
4 Pin 5
Pin 5 Pin
6 Pin 2
Pin 7 Pin 7
Pin 8 Pin
8
Wire pins for cable end A Wire pins for cable end B
Rollover wired cables, most commonly called rollover cables, have opposite Pin assignments on each
end of the
cable or, in other words, it is "rolled over." Pin 1 of connector A would be connected to Pin 8 of
connector B.
Pin 2 of connector A would be connected to Pin 7 of connector B and so on. Rollover cables,
sometimes
referred to as Yost cables are most commonly used to connect to a device's console port to make
programming
changes to the device. Unlike crossover and straight-wired cables, rollover cables are not intended to
carry data
but instead create an interface with the device.
Wire pins for cable end A Wire pins for cable end B
Pin 1
Pin 8 Pin 2
Pin 7 Pin 3
Pin 6 Pin 4
Pin 5 Pin 5
Pin 4 Pin 6
Pin 3 Pin 7
Pin 2 Pin 8
Pin 1
Lap Test
You are expected to make the following cable forms and you are expected to make at a maximum of
trial on
two times in 40 minutes
1.A cross over cable
2.A straight through cable
3.A rollover cable
Unit two: Identification and Uses of basic Network hand-tools
This Module is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the following content
coverage and topics:
Use of Network Hand Tools
Identification of Appropriate Network Hand Tools, Power Tools and functions
This Module will also assist you to attain the learning outcomes stated in the above.
Specifically, upon completion of this Module, you will be able to:
Use Network Hand Tools
Identify Appropriate Network Hand Tools, Power Tools and functions
Review OHS Hazards and Factors
Work with others
Seek Assistance from Workgroup
Provide Support to Team Members
Share Relevant Information
Hand tools are the essential allies of the networking professionals. If you have a wide range of
insulated tools,
you will be able to rest easy in the knowledge that no jobs will be too difficult. Here are a few of the
essential
insulated hand tools you need in the ultimate networking toolkit:
This tool helps you efficiently connect wiring in patch panels and/or keystones. Once you add this item
to your toolkit, you will be amazed that you were ever able to go without it. While all of these tools
make life easier for a networking professional, it can be difficult to amass a collection of quality hand
tools one by one. For high-end networking work, one of the best choices for professionals is to outfit
themselves with a state of the art network installation tool kit and/or a high-quality general-purpose
toolkit. These kits make it easy to ensure you are ready for the job whenever a hand tool is needed.
That said, with all these hand tools, you will need a quality bag or tool case to transport your hand
tools.
2.1.1 Identify Appropriate Network Hand Tools, Power Tools and functions
Testing Equipment
In addition to hand tools and carrying equipment, you will need the critical testing equipment that
ensures network reliability. To start, add a quality network cable tester to your suite of networking
tools. An effective network cable tester like this one helps you differentiate between straight-through,
crossover and reverse cables with a helpful LED light configuration. More broadly, the network cable
tester helps you test for:
Continuity
Short Circuits
Crosstalk and Crossed Pairs
Detecting mis-wires, opens, split pairs and shorts becomes easier thanks to tools like these, making the
life of a networking pro much more efficient. Another piece of testing equipment worth considering is a
network optimized psiber tone and probe set. This tool makes it easy to trace inactive and active wiring
to a patch panel or hubs.
oNetwork tester
A network tester is a device used to test the strength and connectivity of a particular type of cable or
other wired assemblies. There are many different types of network tester . Each of them can test a
specific type of cable or wire (some can test different types of cables or wires). A network tester can
test whether a cable or wire is set up properly, connected, correctly, and the communication strength
between the source and destination. The picture is an example of a network tester from TRENDnet.
Crimper
A crimping tool is a device used to conjoin two pieces of metal by deforming one or both of them to
hold each other. The result of the tool's work is called a crimp. This tool is used to attach the
connectors to the cable. Typically, this tool also includes a wire-cutter and wire-stripper. So if you buy a
crimp tool, you don't have to buy a wire-cutter and wire-stripper separately. An example of crimping is
affixing a connector to the end of a cable. For instance, network cables and phone cables are created
using a crimping tool (shown below) to join RJ-45 and RJ-11 connectors to both ends of phone or Cat
5 cable. To use this crimping tool, each wire is first placed into the connector. Then the connector with
wires is placed into the crimping tool, and the handles are squeezed together. Crimping punctures the
plastic connector and holds each of the wires, allowing data to transmit through the connector.
Wire Stripper
This tool is used to remove the outer and inner jackets of the network cable. Typically, you do not need
to purchase this tool separately as all standard twisted-pair wire cutters are equipped with wire-
strippers.The following image shows two twisted-pair wire cutter tools equipped with wire-strippers.
Power tool
A power tool is a tool that is actuated by an additional power source and mechanism other than the
solely manual labor used with hand tools. The most common types of power tools use electric motors.
Some of the functions given by power tools are: grinding, drilling, air pressure, joining and fixing... so
on
Show Commitment
By being onside and decided to make the difference, whatever the history, you are starting a
process to build relationships, even if it means you have to rethink your position as well a bit.
Be Interested in Others
You'll build relationships faster if you dump talking all about yourself and make sure you ask
questions that will help you get to know people better. Yet, this isn't actually the point. It's that
you are showing that you are interested that counts.
Create Trust
Following through with what you say you will do; being as open and honest as possible; giving
and accepting feedback, as well as showing confidentiality and discretion, are all tiny and still
vital tactics to adopt when building new and maintaining existing relationships.
Professionals can support their teams through encouraging behavior and practices. Providing moral
and professional support to your team can help your company reach its goals, and adopting
supportive professional practices can improve the work quality of you and your team. In this article, we
discuss the importance of supporting your team and share some tips on how to show your support.
Supporting your team at work can help boost morale, increase productivity and create a happier and
healthier work culture. Professionals who feel supported by their colleagues often are more confident
in their abilities and can return the support to others, which can be beneficial to the entire company.
Any employee can choose to support their team, and it can be especially important for team leads and
managers to create a supportive work environment for everyone.
You can follow these 15 tips to achieve a more productive and satisfactory work environment:
Communicate often
Establishing reliable methods of communication can help coworkers connect and clarify
expectations. Consider endorsing a primary communication method, such as a group chat or email
and also encourage
face-to-face communication. Another way to ensure communication is to host meetings for
everyone to express ideas, concerns and update others on the status of their work. When
communicating with coworkers, it's important to establish a sense of trust. Try not to share
sensitive information another coworker told you and try to respond to messages within an
appropriate amount of time.
Be open-minded
When attempting to support your team, it's important to be inclusive of your attempts. Try to
provide support to all of your team members. Being open-minded at work may mean accepting
unconventional ideas, acknowledging and celebrating personal differences and encouraging
everyone to take part in work activities.
It can also be helpful to be inclusive in your language to show support for all of your coworkers. For
example, call attention to holidays you do not observe in order to wish a nice celebration to those
who do.
Though it's a small gesture, your team members may appreciate it and feel more respected at work.
Prioritize tasks
Though your team is likely working toward the same goal, many of your coworkers may have
different tasks than you. Because of this, it is possible a coworker has a task of more importance
than others. Knowing how to prioritize tasks can lead to a more productive work environment. If
you notice a coworker is struggling to complete a task that has more importance than the one you
are working on, consider asking if they would like help. This can help everyone achieve company
goals in a timely manner.
For example, if you are a florist and your coworker is working to arrange a set of bouquets that are
scheduled to be picked up soon, it can be helpful if you offer assistance. Even though you are not
personally responsible for the task, it's beneficial to the company to ensure the bouquets are ready
on time. It also can ease your coworker's mind and show your support for them.
Take breaks
Taking breaks with your coworkers can provide a time for much-needed relaxation and
socialization. During breaks, try to talk about non-work-related topics to help bond with your
coworkers. If applicable, consider inviting a coworker on a quick walk around the company campus
or to a nearby restaurant or cafe. This can help show your team member you value them as a
person as much as you value them as a professional and coworker.
If you notice a colleague needs help or has a large workload, offer to help them complete some tasks.
Sometimes offering moral support is enough if you do not have time or are not permitted to help with
their work tasks.
Example: Your colleague may be responsible for contacting clients. If your company policy does not
allow you to speak with the clients in your assigned job role, you can offer support to your colleague
by bringing a coffee to their desk while they make calls.
5. Give advice
Giving advice is a great way to offer support to your colleagues at work. Draw on your experience with
the company and from your own job duties to advise other team members. Use these tips to help guide
your advice: Ask. Before offering advice, be sure it is something your colleague wants.
Be kind. Try not to judge your colleague, and give advice that is kind and helpful.
Be honest. Honesty helps ensure that the advice you give is helpful.
Listen. Hear what your colleague has to say and pay attention to how they respond to your
advice. Collaborate. When giving advice, try to find a solution together to fix the colleague's
problem.
Constructive criticism is a form of advice appropriate and often encouraged at work. Providing
colleagues with useful feedback on their work helps them to improve and may increase productivity at
work.
Example:If there is a new colleague starting at the company, offer to give them an office tour and share
your tips on how to be most efficient while at work.
5. Build a relationship
Building a relationship with your colleagues at work can prepare you to support each other when
needed. Take the time to learn about your colleagues' interests, since these can be topics to talk about
when establishing daily communication. Be aware of professional boundaries, but try to be friendly
with all of your colleagues. This can help establish a collaborative environment to work in.
Example: Establish a weekly email for featuring a colleague where they can share their hobbies with
other colleagues.
6. Offer praise
Acknowledging achievements can show colleagues that you care. You can praise your colleagues for
minor accomplishments to boost their confidence and show that you appreciate them.
Example Assign a space in the office where colleagues can write messages to congratulate each other
and recognize their accomplishments.
Bring in donuts
Get everyone a coffee
Submit positive feedback to the
manager
Take a colleague to lunch
Leave a kind note on their desk
9. Inspire positivity
Inspire positivity in the workplace by maintaining a friendly attitude. Your good mood may encourage a
colleague's mood, and this can help improve the overall work environment. Remaining self-aware and
checking your own emotions can be key to promoting a healthy and stable workplace.
There are all kinds of information-sharing tools and methods, but another organization’s approach
might not suit your team. But how will you know when the way that you’re sharing information is
working well? Below are seven steps that power every great strategy for sharing information
effectively.
As an example, below are a few communication methods and the types of information teams most
often use to share them.
Virtual communication:
Instant messaging(Slack, Google Chat, etc.). IM platforms are good for quick project updates and
easy-to-answer questions.
Email. You can use email to send your whole team all the same updates at once.
Company wiki. A newer way for employees to share information, company wikis can be a great
place to run down your procedures, protocol, and more.
Google Docs (and Google Docs alternatives). You and your team can use these tools to
collaboratively build on any type of important information in real-time.
In-person communication:
Stand-up meetings. You can hold stand-up meetings daily for status reports on projects and tasks.
Team meetings. At your team meetings, you can share all sorts of information and knowledge to
help everyone overcome all their obstacles together.
All-hands meetings. These special meetings gather everyone at your organization so you can
share as much information of any kind with as many people as possible.
Self-check 2
I Explain define and or Mention
1.Mention at least four appropriate network hand tools
2.What is the function of a network tester, explain
3.What is the function of a punch down tool
4.What kind of measure do you take when an accident is happening in a work
place
II True or False
1.A tonner probe is a network tool used to track the other end of a particular network
cable 2.In a tam work no one is allowed to seek help from other members
III Fill the blank space