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Software_Development_and_Testing_Concepts

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7 views

Software_Development_and_Testing_Concepts

Uploaded by

shek25945
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Software Development and Testing Concepts

1. White Box Testing


White box testing involves testing the internal structure, logic, or code of a software
application. Testers need knowledge of the code and use techniques like statement, branch,
and path coverage to ensure functionality.
Example: Testing the functionality of a loop in a sorting algorithm.

2. Black Box Testing


Black box testing focuses on the software's external behavior without considering the
internal code structure. Testers validate inputs and outputs based on requirements.
Example: Checking if a login form accepts valid credentials and rejects invalid ones.

3. Grey Box Testing


Grey box testing combines white and black box approaches, where testers have partial
knowledge of the internal code and structure. It helps uncover security and integration
issues.
Example: Testing an e-commerce checkout process while knowing some database schemas.

4. Unit Testing
Unit testing involves testing individual components or modules of a software application in
isolation to ensure they work as expected. Developers typically write and execute these
tests.
Example: Testing a single function that calculates the sum of two numbers.

5. System Testing
System testing validates the entire application as a complete, integrated system. It ensures
that all components work together and meet requirements.
Example: Testing an entire banking application, including login, transfers, and balance
checks.

6. Test-Driven Deployment
Test-driven deployment is an approach where deployment is only executed after automated
tests confirm the application’s reliability. It emphasizes testing each phase of deployment,
from pre-deployment checks to post-deployment validations. By integrating testing into
deployment pipelines, issues can be identified early, reducing rollback risks and improving
stability. Tools like Jenkins, Selenium, and Ansible are often used to automate these
processes.
Example: Before deploying a web application, unit, integration, and load tests are run to
verify its readiness for production.
7. RELP-Driven Deployment
RELP (Reliable Event Logging Protocol) is a logging protocol designed for reliable, real-time
event tracking during deployment. RELP-driven deployment ensures accurate logging of all
deployment activities, enabling traceability and quick debugging. This method is especially
valuable in distributed systems where logs from multiple nodes must be synchronized.
Tools like Rsyslog implement RELP to manage log consistency, making it easier to analyze
deployment failures.
Example: Using RELP, logs from servers during a deployment are collected centrally to track
errors or anomalies.

8. Selenium and Its Features


Selenium is a popular open-source framework for automating web application testing
across multiple browsers and platforms. It supports several programming languages,
including Java, Python, and C#.
Key Features:
- Cross-browser testing (Chrome, Firefox, Edge, etc.).
- Support for parallel test execution.
- Integration with CI/CD tools like Jenkins.
- Selenium Grid for distributed testing.
Example: Automating login functionality testing for an e-commerce website.

9. Ansible and Its Architecture


Ansible is an open-source tool for automation, configuration management, and application
deployment. It uses a simple YAML-based language called Playbooks.
Architecture:
- Control Node: Manages automation tasks and sends instructions to managed nodes.
- Managed Nodes: Servers being configured or automated.
- Modules: Predefined scripts for tasks like installing software or managing files.
- Inventory: Defines target machines and their properties.
Ansible operates agentless, requiring only SSH or WinRM, making it lightweight and easy to
deploy.

10. Jenkins
Jenkins is an open-source automation server used for continuous integration (CI) and
continuous delivery (CD). It automates building, testing, and deploying software, improving
development speed and reliability. Jenkins supports multiple plugins, making it highly
extensible for different languages and platforms. It integrates with version control systems
like Git and build tools like Maven, Gradle, or Ant. Jenkins is widely used for implementing
CI/CD pipelines in DevOps workflows.

11. Jenkins Workflows


Jenkins workflows refer to the series of automated tasks defined as a pipeline to build, test,
and deploy software. Using Jenkins Pipeline, a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) written in
Groovy, developers can define workflows in a single file, typically named Jenkinsfile.
Pipelines can be:
- Declarative Pipelines: Easy-to-read and maintain, with a predefined structure.
- Scripted Pipelines: Provide more flexibility but require advanced scripting knowledge.
Example Workflow: Clone source code from a Git repository, compile the code, run tests,
package the code, and deploy it.

12. Jenkins Architecture


Jenkins follows a master-agent architecture, ensuring scalability and distributed processing:
- Master Node: Orchestrates workflows and manages build configurations. Handles
scheduling, delegating tasks to agents, and monitoring progress.
- Agent Nodes: Execute tasks like building, testing, or deploying software. Multiple agents
can run on different platforms to distribute the workload.
Key Components:
- Web UI: Configures jobs, views build results, and monitors pipelines.
- Plugins: Extend Jenkins' functionality (e.g., Git, Docker, Kubernetes).
- Jobs: Define individual tasks in the pipeline (e.g., build, test).
- Distributed Builds: Enable parallel execution across agents to speed up processes.

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