ALL TASK OF LAB 10 ARE AVAILABLE IN THIS DOCUMENT

Here's a basic example of using pthread_create() to create a new thread:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <pthread.h>

void *thread_function(void *arg) {

printf("Hello from the thread! Argument: %s\n", (const char *)arg);

pthread_exit(NULL);

int main() {

pthread_t thread;

const char *message = "Thread Argument";

if (pthread_create(&thread, NULL, thread_function, (void *)message)) {

fprintf(stderr, "Error creating thread\n");

return 1;

if (pthread_join(thread, NULL)) {

fprintf(stderr, "Error joining thread\n");

return 2;

printf("Thread finished execution\n");

return 0;
}

10.1.1. Implementation of Multithreading

#include <iostream>

#include <thread>

using namespace std;

// Function executed by the thread

void printMessage(const string& message, int count) {

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

cout << message << endl;

int main() {

cout << "Main thread: Starting two threads." << endl;

// Creating two threads

thread t1(printMessage, "Hello from Thread 1!", 3);

thread t2(printMessage, "Hello from Thread 2!", 2);

thread t3(printMessage, "Hello from Thread 3!", 4);

// Wait for the threads to finish

t1.join();

t2.join();

t3.join();
 cout << "Main thread: All threads finished." << endl;

return 0;

Example 2

#include <iostream>

#include <thread>

using namespace std;

void computeSum(int start, int end, int& result) {

result = 0;

for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {

result += i;

int main() {

int result1 = 0;

int result2 = 0;

cout << "Main thread: Starting two threads to calculate partial sums." << endl;

// Create two threads to compute partial sums

thread t1(computeSum, 1, 50, ref(result1)); // Sum from 1 to 50

thread t2(computeSum, 51, 100, ref(result2)); // Sum from 51 to 100

// Wait for both threads to finish

 t1.join();

t2.join();

// Compute the total sum

int totalSum = result1 + result2;

cout << "Main thread: The total sum from 1 to 100 is " << totalSum << "." << endl;

return 0;

Lab Task

Write a program that perform addition of 2*2 matrix without using multithreading

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

// Declare two 2x2 matrices and a result matrix

int matrix1[2][2], matrix2[2][2], result[2][2];

// Input elements of the first matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the first 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix1[i][j];

}
}

// Input elements of the second matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the second 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix2[i][j];

// Perform matrix addition

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

// Display the result matrix

cout << "\nThe resulting 2x2 matrix after addition is:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << result[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

}
 return 0;

 Write a program that perform addition of 2*2 matrix using multithreading (Total 4
threads used).

#include <iostream>

#include <thread>

using namespace std;

// Matrices and result matrix

int matrix1[2][2], matrix2[2][2], result[2][2];

// Function to perform addition for a specific element

void addElements(int row, int col) {

result[row][col] = matrix1[row][col] + matrix2[row][col];

int main() {

// Input for the first 2x2 matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the first 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i + 1 << "][" << j + 1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix1[i][j];

}
// Input for the second 2x2 matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the second 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i + 1 << "][" << j + 1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix2[i][j];

// Create 4 threads, one for each element in the result matrix

thread t1(addElements, 0, 0); // First element (0,0)

thread t2(addElements, 0, 1); // Second element (0,1)

thread t3(addElements, 1, 0); // Third element (1,0)

thread t4(addElements, 1, 1); // Fourth element (1,1)

// Wait for all threads to finish execution

t1.join();

t2.join();

t3.join();

t4.join();

// Display the resulting matrix

cout << "\nThe resulting 2x2 matrix after addition is:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

 cout << result[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;

10.2. Tasks

1. Implement the following.

a) Create two functions one for addition and other for multiplication. Call them in main
function (with out Multi thread).

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// Function for matrix addition

void addMatrices(int matrix1[2][2], int matrix2[2][2], int result[2][2]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

// Function for matrix multiplication

void multiplyMatrices(int matrix1[2][2], int matrix2[2][2], int result[2][2]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

 for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

result[i][j] = 0; // Initialize result matrix element

for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {

result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];

int main() {

int matrix1[2][2], matrix2[2][2], resultAdd[2][2], resultMul[2][2];

// Input for the first matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the first 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix1[i][j];

// Input for the second matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the second 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";
 cin >> matrix2[i][j];

// Perform matrix addition

addMatrices(matrix1, matrix2, resultAdd);

// Perform matrix multiplication

multiplyMatrices(matrix1, matrix2, resultMul);

// Display the result of addition

cout << "\nResult of matrix addition:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << resultAdd[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

// Display the result of multiplication

cout << "\nResult of matrix multiplication:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << resultMul[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

 }

return 0;

a) Implement above task using multithreading

#include <iostream>

#include <thread>

using namespace std;

// Function for matrix addition

void addMatrices(int matrix1[2][2], int matrix2[2][2], int result[2][2]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

// Function for matrix multiplication

void multiplyMatrices(int matrix1[2][2], int matrix2[2][2], int result[2][2]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

result[i][j] = 0; // Initialize result matrix element

for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {

result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];

}
 }

int main() {

int matrix1[2][2], matrix2[2][2], resultAdd[2][2], resultMul[2][2];

// Input for the first matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the first 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix1[i][j];

// Input for the second matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the second 2x2 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i+1 << "][" << j+1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix2[i][j];

// Create threads for addition and multiplication

thread addThread(addMatrices, matrix1, matrix2, resultAdd);

thread mulThread(multiplyMatrices, matrix1, matrix2, resultMul);

// Wait for both threads to finish

addThread.join();

mulThread.join();

// Display the result of addition

cout << "\nResult of matrix addition:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << resultAdd[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

// Display the result of multiplication

cout << "\nResult of matrix multiplication:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

cout << resultMul[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;
}

1. Make a program using multi-threading to sum and subtract two 3x3 matrices.

#include <iostream>

#include <thread>

using namespace std;

// Function to add two matrices

void addMatrices(int matrix1[3][3], int matrix2[3][3], int result[3][3]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];

// Function to subtract two matrices

void subtractMatrices(int matrix1[3][3], int matrix2[3][3], int result[3][3]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j];

int main() {

int matrix1[3][3], matrix2[3][3], resultAdd[3][3], resultSub[3][3];

// Input for the first 3x3 matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the first 3x3 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i + 1 << "][" << j + 1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix1[i][j];

// Input for the second 3x3 matrix

cout << "Enter elements of the second 3x3 matrix:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

cout << "Element [" << i + 1 << "][" << j + 1 << "]: ";

cin >> matrix2[i][j];

// Create threads for addition and subtraction

thread addThread(addMatrices, matrix1, matrix2, resultAdd);

thread subtractThread(subtractMatrices, matrix1, matrix2, resultSub);

// Wait for both threads to finish

addThread.join();

subtractThread.join();
 // Display the result of addition

cout << "\nResult of matrix addition:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

cout << resultAdd[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

// Display the result of subtraction

cout << "\nResult of matrix subtraction:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

cout << resultSub[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

return 0;