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CS

Uploaded by

sahaana.23.k
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER NETWORKS

1. What is Computer Network?


A computer network is a collection of interconnected autonomous computing device, so as to
exchange information or share resources.
2. Full form:
a. APRPANET: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
b. NSFNET: National Science Foundation Network.
3. What is Internet and WWW?
Internet:
The Internet is a world-wide network of computer networks. It is a super-network. It connects many
smaller networks together and allows all the computers to exchange information with each other.
World Wide Web (WWW):
World Wide Web (WWW) is a set of protocols that allows you to access any document on the Net
through a naming system based on URLs.
4. Define
a. Server
A computer that facilitates the sharing of data, software, and hardware resources (e.g.,
printers, modems etc.) on the network is termed as a server.
b. Client
A client computer is a host computer that requests for some services form the server. I other
words, a server computer serves the requests of client computers.
5. What is protocol?
A Protocol is a formal description of message formats and the rules that two or more machines
must follow to exchange those messages. (or)
A protocol refers to a pre-decided set of rules using which all parties of a network connect and
interact with one another.
6. Mention the types of network.
On the basis of geographical spread, network can be classified into:
 LAN (Local Area Network)
 WAN (Wide Area Network)
 PAN (Personal Area Network)
 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
On the basis of component roles, network can be classified into:
 Peer-to-Peer Networks
 Client/Server Networks
7. Differentiate between wired and wireless media.

Wired Media Wireless Media


Uses a physical path or conductor to transmit Broadcast the signals through the air.
the data signals.
Also known as guided media or bound Also known as unguided media or unbound
transmission media. transmission media.
Provide direction to the data signal travelling. Does not provide direction to the data signal
travelling.
Examples: Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and Examples: Radio wave, microwave, and
optical fiber. infrared signal, satellite.
8. Differentiate between LAN and WAN.

LAN (Local Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network)


It is spread over a small area. It is spread over a very large area.
It usually costs less to set it up. It costs higher to set it up.
It is usually a single network. It is usually a network of many networks.
LANs facilitate information sharing, enhanced WANs facilitate information sharing and
communication and resource sharing. enhanced communication primarily.

9. Differentiate between Circuit Switching and Packet Switching.

Circuit Switching Packet Switching


In circuit switching, a dedicated In packet switching, no dedicated
communication path (physical path) is communication path is established between
established between the sender and the the source and the destination.
receiver.
In circuit switching, the entire message uses In packet switching, the data packets travel
the same path. independently and may take different paths.
It is more reliable. It is less reliable.
It does not support store and forward It supports store and forward transmission.
transmission.

10. Differentiate between MAN and PAN.

Feature MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) PAN (Personal Area Network)


Definition Covers a city or large campus. Covers a small area around an individual.
Range 30 to 40 kilometers. Up to 10 meters.
Purpose Connects multiple LANs within a Connects personal devices within a
metropolitan area. limited range.
Technology Fiber optics, Ethernet, wireless Bluetooth, Infrared (IR), ZigBee, Near
Used technologies. Field Communication (NFC).
Cost Higher due to larger infrastructure Lower cost due to minimal
needs. infrastructure.
Examples City-wide networks, university campus Bluetooth connections, infrared links
networks. between personal devices.

PAN (Personal Area Network)


 It is the smallest network of computers.
 Bluetooth or other infrared-enabled devices could be used to connect devices.
 It has a 10-metre range of connectivity.
 It can cover up to 30 feet in diameter.
 PAN network enables a single person's personal devices to connect with each other.

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)


 Cable TV Connection is an example of a network that can be connected within a city.
 Ethernet, ATM, Token-ring, and FDDI are some examples.
 MAN network has a wider range of applications.
 This network interface could be used to connect citizens to various organisations.

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