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    A. R. Piriz Et Al - The Z-Pinch Snowplow Model Revisited

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    Cola7890
    The document describes a new model for Z-pinch plasma formation that combines the snowplow model for the motion of the magnetic piston with a slug model for the motion of the preceding shock wave. The model accurately predicts the implosion time like the snowplow model while also allowing calculation of plasma conditions at peak compression. Results show the model agrees well with numerical simulations for piston and shock trajectories and average density and temperature at peak compression.

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    A. R. Piriz Et Al - The Z-Pinch Snowplow Model Revisited

    Uploaded by

    Cola7890
    65 views1 page
    The document describes a new model for Z-pinch plasma formation that combines the snowplow model for the motion of the magnetic piston with a slug model for the motion of the preceding shock wave. The model accurately predicts the implosion time like the snowplow model while also allowing calculation of plasma conditions at peak compression. Results show the model agrees well with numerical simulations for piston and shock trajectories and average density and temperature at peak compression.

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    A. R. Piriz et al- The Z-pinch snowplow model revisited

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    The document describes a new model for Z-pinch plasma formation that combines the snowplow model for the motion of the magnetic piston with a slug model for the motion of the preceding shock wave. The model accurately predicts the implosion time like the snowplow model while also allowing calculation of plasma conditions at peak compression. Results show the model agrees well with numerical simulations for piston and shock trajectories and average density and temperature at peak compression.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views1 page

    A. R. Piriz Et Al - The Z-Pinch Snowplow Model Revisited

    Uploaded by

    Cola7890
    The document describes a new model for Z-pinch plasma formation that combines the snowplow model for the motion of the magnetic piston with a slug model for the motion of the preceding shock wave. The model accurately predicts the implosion time like the snowplow model while also allowing calculation of plasma conditions at peak compression. Results show the model agrees well with numerical simulations for piston and shock trajectories and average density and temperature at peak compression.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    1

    The Z-pinch snowplow model revisited


    A. R. Piriz, J. C. Sanchez Duque, O. D. Cortazar, R. F. Portugues
    E. T. S. I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, Ciudad Real, Spain.
    Z-pinches are an excellent way to produce and
    confine high-temperature plasmas. These plasmas generate
    copious x-rays radiation that have numerous applications
    such as the lithography and microscopy, and also in inertial
    fusion for driving high-temperature radiation cavities
    (hohlraums). Z-pinch is formed by the implosion of a thin
    current sheath driven by the magnetic pressure. The current
    sheath is created on the inner surface of a cylindrical
    discharge tube of radius r
    0
    that separates the electrodes on
    which a large voltage is suddenly applied. The simplest way
    to describe the Z-pinch formation is by means of the
    snowplow model [1]. It has been widely used for the
    experimental design and, more recently, for the study of
    possible methods for stabilizing the hydrodynamic
    instabilities that affect the implosion of the current sheath
    and the final pinch uniformity. This model is able to predict
    quite accurately the implosion time but is inadequate for
    describing the motion of the preceding shock wave as well as
    the plasma behaviour after the pinch time. This is because it
    assumes that the magnetic piston and the shock wave
    launched into the internal gas are lumped together into a
    plasma shell of zero thickness. Later models aimed to
    overcome these shortcomings has been proposed along the
    time, but no-one has been able to predict the pinch time as
    accurately as the classical snowplow model [2,3]
    We have developed a new model which combines the
    description of the magnetic piston given by the snowplow
    model with the slug model for the motion of the shock wave
    driven by the piston. In this way the model keeps the
    accuracy of the snowplow model in the prediction of the
    pinch time whilst it allows for the calculation of the plasma
    conditions at peak compression.
    We have assumed the simplest situation in which the
    cylindrical current sheath has an initial radius r
    0
    (at t=0) and
    the implosion is driven by a time varying external current
    I(t). The current sheath is imploded by the magnetic force
    (JB)/c, where J = J
    z
    e
    z
    is the current density and B = B

    is the magnetic field created by this current (c is the light


    speed, and e
    z
    and e

    are the unit vectors in cylindrical


    coordinates). We describe the motion of the magnetic piston
    by means of a snowplow model and for this we assume that
    the total current I(t) is concentrated in a thin shell close to
    the piston position r
    p
    (t).
    We consider that a strong shock wave is launched
    into the internal gas due to the motion of the current sheath
    so that the kinetic pressure between the shock and the current
    sheath is p
    s
    =[2/(+1)]
    0
    r
    s
    2
    (
    0
    is the initial density in the
    discharge tube, = 5/3). Then, we obtain the equation of
    motion of piston by integrating the fluid momentum
    conservation equation across the thickness of the current
    sheath:
    d
    dt
    m t
    dr
    dt
    I t
    c r
    r p m t r r
    p
    p
    p s
    ( )
    ( )
    , ( ) ( )
    ,

    ,
    ]
    ]
    ]
    +
    2
    2
    2
    2 0 0
    2
    0
    2

    where m(t) is the shell mass per unit of length and it is equal
    to the mass swept at the time t. It may be worth to notice that
    the term corresponding to the magnetic force here is a factor
    two larger than the force due to the magnetic pressure B

    2
    /8
    usually considered in the classical snowplow model. Besides
    the previous equation includes the counter-pressure due to
    the plasma between the shell and the shock. The pressure p
    s
    depends of the shock motion and it can be described by the
    following slug model equation [2]:

    r
    r
    r r
    r r r r
    s
    s
    p s
    p p s s


    +
    j
    (
    ,
    \
    ,
    (

    2 2
    2
    1
    where r
    s
    is the instantaneous position of the shock wave.
    Fig. 1. a) Dimensionless shock and piston trajectories and velocities for
    a=0.3. b) Shock and piston trajectories given by the model (full lines) and
    by the simulations of Ref.[4] (dots).
    In Fig.1 we show the results of the model and
    comparisons with numerical simulations for I = I
    0
    sin(a)
    and a = 0.3 ( = t/t
    0
    , a = 2t
    0
    /T, t
    0
    = (
    0
    r
    0
    4
    c
    2
    /2I
    0
    2
    )
    1/2
    , and T
    is the period). From these results the model also allows for
    calculating the average density and temperature at peak
    compression in good agreement with the numerical
    simulations.
    References.
    [1] N. A. Krall and A. W. Trivelpiece. Principles of Plasma
    Physics (McGraw-Hill, Tokio, 1973)
    [2] D. Potter. Nucl. Fusion. 18, 813 (1978).
    [3] T. Miyamoto, Nucl. Fusion. 42, 337 (1984).
    [4] K. T. Lee et al. Phys. Plasmas 3, 1340 (1996).
    0
    0.5
    1
    1.5
    0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
    r (cm)
    t (ns)
    a = 0.3
    t
    0
    = 191.5 ns
    b)
    0
    0.2
    0.4
    0.6
    0.8
    1
    0
    0.2
    0.4
    0.6
    0.8
    1
    1.2
    1.4
    1.6
    0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
    x
    s

    ,


    x
    p
    |
    V
    s

    |

    ,


    |
    V
    p

    |
    = t / t
    0
    a = 0.3
    a)
    x
    p
    x
    s
    | V
    s
    |
    | V
    p
    |

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