Lecture 1

Basic concepts of Information and

Communication Technology In
Education

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 Outline
• Definition of ICT
• Objectives of ICT
• Benefits of using ICT
• Challenges involved in the use of ICTs in
Education
• Characteristics of ICT
• Different tools of ICT
• Introduction to Educational Technology
 Terminologies
• “Information - refers to “any communication
or representation of knowledge such as facts,
data or opinions in any medium or for,
including textual, numerical, graphic
Cartographic, narrative or audio-visual forms.
 Terminologies
• Communication is the act of transferring
information from one place to another.
– Sharing
– Exchange
– Broadcasting
 Terminologies
• Technology - is the practical form of scientific
knowledge or the science of application of
knowledge to practical.
 Definition of ICT
• ICT – stands for Information and
Communication Technology and can be
defined as “diverse set of technological tools
and resources used to communicate, and to
create, disseminate, store and manage
information.
 Definition of ICT
• ICT implies the technology which consists of
electronic devices and associated human
interactive materials that enable the user to
employ them for a wide range of teaching -
learning processes in addition to personal use.
 E-learning and Blended Learning
• E-learning encompasses learning at all levels,
both formal and non-formal, that uses
information network whether wholly or in
part for course delivery, interaction and/or
facilitation.
• Blended learning – learning model that
combine traditional classroom practise with e-
learning solutions. (Mix of online and face-to-
face activities).
 Objectives of ICT
• Change the culture on the use of ICT
• Improve confidence in the use of ICT –
learners, teachers, school leaders,parents.
• Promote new behaviors for teaching
 Benefits of ICT in Education
1. ICT makes asynchronous learning possible.
Online materials can be accessed 24 hours a day,
7 days a week.
2. Technologies such as teleconferencing enable
instructions to be received simultaneously by
multiple, geographically dispersed learners (i.e.
synchronous learners).
3. Access to remote learning resources and
resource persons – mentors, experts,
researchers, professionals, business leaders and
peers - all over the world.
 Benefits of ICT in Education
4. Prepare individuals for the workplace
The “21st century skills identified by the EnGauge of the north
central regional Educational Laboratory (U.S.) includes:
– Digital age literacy
– Inventive thinking
– Higher order thinking
– Sound reasoning
– Effective communication
The potential of ICTs to promote the acquisition of these skills
is tied to its use as a tool for raising educational quality,
including promoting the shift to a learner – centred
environment.
 Benefits of ICT in Education
• ICTS help transform the learning environment
into one that is learner-centered using:
– Active learning
– Collaborative learning
 Class Discussion
• Discuss on the following:

Why ICT in Education?

 Issues in the use of ICT in Education
• Effectiveness – Change of methodologies
• Cost – infrastructure, facilities, access
• Equity – Economic, Social,Cultural,
Geographical, gender
• Sustainability – Economic, Social, Political, etc
 Characteristics of ICT
• Acquisition, Storage, manipulation,
management, transmission or reception of
data or information.
• Real time access to information.
• Easy availability of updated data.
• Connecting Geographically dispersed regions.
• Wider range of communication media.
Mention any ICT tools that you know
used for teaching or learning purpose.
 Different ICT Tools used in Education
• Learning Management Systems
• Screen Casting
• Website
• Voice - one-way, two-way audio tools
• Video – still images, pre-recorded moving
images, real-time moving images
 Limitations on the use of ICT in
Education
• Lack of needed facilities , material and
equipment and favourable conditions for the
use of ICT
• Widespread ignorance
• Resistance – attachment to old ways and fear
– adoption of the new
• Lack of provision – in pre-service stage nor in-
service stage
 Points of Discussion
1. In a group of 3, discuss how each of the
following can be addressed by using ICT:
– Effective training
– Human errors during marking an Exams.
– Learner motivation
2. Briefly explain how each of the following person
use ICT in Education:
a. Student
b. Teacher
c. Researcher
d. School Administrator
 Introduction to Educational
Technology
• Educational technology is the study and ethical
practice of facilitating learning and improving
performance of creating, using and managing
appropriate technological processes and
resources.
• It represents effort to design, develop and use
technology to achieve a never-ending array of
desirable institutional and educational outcomes,
such as improving learning, enhancing teaching
effectiveness, reducing cost and increasing
access.
 Technology integration

Policy Assessement

Pedagogy Professional Development

Operation

Classroom management