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Class 8 Dbms

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1K views3 pages

Class 8 Dbms

Uploaded by

shuaybbacha2469
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 8-IT

Chapter: Introduction to DBMS


Q/A
1. Define data and information.
Ans. Data is a collection of unorganized raw facts like symbols, numbers, text,
audio, video, image etc. For e.g., Jane,25, doctor. Information comprises
processed, organised data presented in a meaningful context. For e.g., Jane who
is 25 years old is a doctor.
2. What is database?
Ans. A database is an organized collection of data, so that it can be easily
accessed and managed. In a database, the data is organized in rows and columns
in the form of a table. MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle Database, PostgreSQL,
Informix, Sybase, etc. and others are all different types of databases commonly
used today

3. What is DBMS?
Ans. A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software application that is
designed to create, manage, update, organize and access data stored in a
database in a structured manner. It allows users to create, modify, and query a
database, as well as manage the security and access controls for that database.

4. What are the advantages of using DBMS?


Ans. Advantages of DBMS are:
1. It reduces data redundancy: Duplication of data is known as data
redundancy. DBMS reduces redundancy as data is stored centrally.
2. It reduces data inconsistency: Inconsistency occurs due to repetition of data.
Fon e.g., we have two entries of same data at different locations and a change
has been made to one entry with second entry still intact. This leads to data
inconsistency. DBMS ensures that when the data is changed at one location, the
same data is also changed at other location.
3. It allows data sharing: It allows multiple users to access data in database
simultaneously.
4. It ensures data security: DBMS provides data security be ensuring that only
authorized users are able to access the database.
5. It provides backup and recovery of data: It provides facilities to protect data
from hardware and software failures.
5. Explain different types of DBMS.
Ans. Depending on the pattern in which data is stored, databases are classified
as:
1. Flat-file database: It refers to a type of database in which a single table or
file stores all the data. Most common example of this database is a
spreadsheet. 2. Relational Database: It refers to a database in which data is
stored in multiple tables. These tables are linked to each other through
common fields.

6.Explain objects in DBMS.


Ans. The database file contains four objects which are table, form, query and
report.
1. Table: A table stores data about a single entity such as employee, student
etc. The data is stored in the form of horizontal rows and vertical columns. In
table intersection of row and column is called a cell. Row is also known as
record or tuple. Column is known as field or an attribute.
2. Form: A form is a database object that is used to view, enter and edit records
in a table.
3. Query: A query refers to a statement that returns records of a table according
to conditions and specifications of a user. It is a request sent by a user to retrieve
specific data from the table in a database.
4. Reports: A report is a database object that allows us to present data
retrieved from tables so that it can be easily summarized and analyzed.

7.Explain Key, Primary key and Composite key.


Ans. Key: A key is a value used to identify a record in a table uniquely. A key
could be single column or combination of multiple columns.
Primary Key: A primary key is a single column value used to identify a record
uniquely. It has following properties:
1. A primary key cannot be NULL.
2. A primary key value must be unique.
3. The primary key values cannot be changed.
Composite key: A composite key is a primary key composed of multiple
columns used to identify records uniquely.

8.What is SQL?
Ans. Structured Query language is a standard database programming language,
which is used for accessing and manipulating data in a database. SQL was the
first commercial language introduced for RDBMS. Within SQL, there are two
forms of language: DDL and DML.
1. DDL: It stands for Data Definition Language: It is used to define the
structure (or schema) of a database. This includes attributes within each table,
name of each table, name of database etc. Following commands are part of
DDL: CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, COMMENT, RENAME etc. 2.
DML: It stands for Data Manipulation Language. It is used to work with the
actual data in the database. It is used to store, modify, retrieve, delete and update
data in a database. Following commands are part of DML:
SELECT: It retrieves data from a database.
INSERT: It inserts data in the database.
UPDATE: It updates existing data within a table.
DELETE: It deletes all records from a database table.

8. What is MySQL and it features?


Ans. It is an open-source RDBMS that works on many platforms. It is backed
by Oracle. Some features of MySQL are:
1. It is released under open-source license. So it is free to use. 2. It works on
many Operating systems and with many languages like php, perl, java etc.
3. It works very quickly and works well even with large data sets. 4. It is very
friendly to PHP. It supports large databases, up-to 50 million rows or more in
table.
8.Explain SQL data types.
Ans.

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