Experiment Number: 1

Problem Statement: Basic Linux Commands

NAME: Sayyed Md Muaz Aslam ROLLNO: 60
CLASS: TY_IT_A BATCH: B3
DATE OF PERFORMANCE: 06-07-2023
___________________________________________________________________________
1. cp : Copy from the to the
2. mv : Move/rename the to the
3. rm :Remove the file named
4. mkdir :Make a new directory called
5. rmdir :Remove an (empty) directory
6. cd :Change the current working directory to dir
7. pwd : Print (display) the working directory
8. cat > :To create new file n save it by pressing ^d
9. cat >> : To append contents into file
10. cat :To see the contents of existing file
11. more :Paging out the contents of file
12. file :To check the type of file
13. wc :To count lines,words,charaters of file
14. cmp :To compare two files
15. comm :To display common values between two files
16. diff :To convert one file to another
17. gzip :To compress the file
18. gunzip :To unzip the contents of zipped file
19. ls :List the files in the current working directory
20. ls :List all files & directories in given directory
21. ln : Creates a symbolic link to a file
22. date: To display current date & time of the system.
23. cal :To display calendar of current month.
24. who:List who is currently logged on to the system.
25. Whoami:Report what user you are logged on as.
26. echo :Echo a string (or list of arguments) to the terminal
27. bc:To perform mathematical operations
28. clear:To clear the screen

Commands:
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ pwd
/home/maaz05
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ date
Fri Jul 14 21:58:56 IST 2023
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cal
Command 'cal' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install ncal
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ whp
Command 'whp' not found, did you mean:
command 'php' from deb php8.1-cli (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.11)
command 'php' from deb php-cli (2:8.1+92ubuntu1)
command 'who' from deb coreutils (8.32-4.1ubuntu1)
Try: sudo apt install <deb name>
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ who
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ touch f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ echo "This is file 1">> f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ touch f2.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ echo "This is file2">> f2.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
f1.txt f2.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ touch f3.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ echo "This is echo command of linux" >>f3.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
f1.txt f2.txt f3.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cp <f1.txt><f2.txt>
-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `<'
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cp f1.txt f2.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ f1.txt
f1.txt: command not found
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat f1.txt
This is file 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat f2.txt
This is file 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ mkdir /home/maaz05/folders
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cd /home/maaz05/folders
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ touch f2_renamed.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ cd /home/maaz05
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ mv f2.txt /home/maaz05/folders/f2_renamed.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cd /home/maaz05/folders
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ cat f2_renamed.txt
This is file 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ cat >> f2_renamed.txt
"This file is renamed and it is appended"
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ cat f2_renamed.txt
This is file 1
"This file is renamed and it is appended"
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ more f2_renamed.txt
This is file 1
"This file is renamed and it is appended"
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~/folders$ cd /home/maaz05
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ file f3.txt
f3.txt: ASCII text
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ wc f3.txt
1 6 30 f3.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cmp f2.txt f3.txt
cmp: f2.txt: No such file or directory
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cmp f1.txt f3.txt
f1.txt f3.txt differ: byte 9, line 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ comm f1.txt f3.txt
This is echo command of linux
This is file 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ diff f1.txt f3.txt
1c1
< This is file 1
---
> This is echo command of linux
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ln f1.txt link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
f1.txt f3.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat -A f1.txt
This is file 1$
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat -v f3.txt
This is echo command of linux
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat -n f1.txt
1 This is file 1
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat > f4.txt
This is file 4 using cat command
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cat f4.txt
This is file 4 using cat command
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 30 Jul 14 22:03 f3.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 33 Jul 14 22:20 f4.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 maaz05 maaz05 512 Jul 14 22:10 folders
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls -lh
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 30 Jul 14 22:03 f3.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 33 Jul 14 22:20 f4.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 maaz05 maaz05 512 Jul 14 22:10 folders
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls -a
. .. .bash_history .bash_logout .bashrc .motd_shown .profile f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt
folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls-lt
ls-lt: command not found
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls -lt
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 33 Jul 14 22:20 f4.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 maaz05 maaz05 512 Jul 14 22:10 folders
-rw-r--r-- 1 maaz05 maaz05 30 Jul 14 22:03 f3.txt
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 f1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 2 maaz05 maaz05 15 Jul 14 22:01 link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls -r
link_to_f1.txt folders f4.txt f3.txt f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ zip archive.zip f1.txt f4.txt
Command 'zip' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install zip
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ sudo apt install zip
[sudo] password for maaz05:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
unzip
The following NEW packages will be installed:
unzip zip
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 350 kB of archives.
After this operation, 929 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 unzip amd64 6.0-
26ubuntu3.1 [174 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 zip amd64 3.0-12build2
[176 kB]
Fetched 350 kB in 3s (114 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package unzip.
(Reading database ... 24137 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../unzip_6.0-26ubuntu3.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking unzip (6.0-26ubuntu3.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package zip.
Preparing to unpack .../zip_3.0-12build2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking zip (3.0-12build2) ...
Setting up unzip (6.0-26ubuntu3.1) ...
Setting up zip (3.0-12build2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ zip archive.txt f1.txt f4.txt
adding: f1.txt (stored 0%)
adding: f4.txt (stored 0%)
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
archive.txt f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ zip archive.zip f1.txt f4.txt
 adding: f1.txt (stored 0%)
adding: f4.txt (stored 0%)
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
archive.txt archive.zip f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ unzip archive.txt
Archive: archive.txt
replace f1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: unzip archive.zip
error: invalid response [unzip arc]
replace f1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: error: invalid response [hive.zip]
replace f1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename:
error: invalid response [{ENTER}]
replace f1.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: n
replace f4.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: n
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ cal
Command 'cal' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install ncal
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ mkdir /home/maaz05/dir/
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
archive.txt archive.zip dir f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ rmdir /home/maaz05/dir/
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ ls
archive.txt archive.zip f1.txt f3.txt f4.txt folders link_to_f1.txt
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ sudo apt install cal
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package cal
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$ clear
maaz05@DESKTOP-KRA5MTK:~$