Ex no: 01

Simple Arithmetic Calculator

Aim:
To write a Python program to create a simple calculator that can perform all
arithmetic operations.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDLE.
Step 3: Print the program title using a print statement.
Step 4: Declare the function calculate() by using the def statement.
Step 5: Get three inputs by using an input statement; two inputs are numeric, and
another is an operator.
Step 6: Call calculate() method.
Step 7: Using conditional statements to check which operation to perform and
return the output value.
Step 8: Save the program.
Step 9: Run the program by using a Python compiler or interpreter.
Step 10: Display the output.
Step 11: Stop the program.
Source Code:
print("ARITHMETIC CALCULATOR")
def calculate(n1,n2,op):
if op == '+':
result = n1+n2
elif op == '-':
result = n1-n2
elif op == '*':
result = n1*n2
elif op == '/':
result = n1/n2
elif op=='%':
result = n1%n2
 return result
number1 = float(input('Enter first number: '))
op = input('Enter operator (+,-,*,/,%): ')
number2 = float(input('Enter second number: '))
result=calculate(number1,number2,op)
print(number1,op,number2,'=',result)

Sample Input/Output:
ARITHMETIC CALCULATOR
Enter first number: 5
Enter operator (+,-,*,/,%): +
Enter second number: 8
5.0 + 8.0 = 13.0

Result:
Thus, the above-mentioned simple calculator program was created successfully,
and the output was verified.
Ex no: 02
Control Flow Statements
Aim:
To write a Python program to find the greatest among three numbers, using
control flow tools such as if statements.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDLE.
Step 3: Print the program title using a print statement.
Step 4: Use input statements to obtain input a, b, and c from the user.
Step 5: Using an if statement to determine if 'A' is the most dominant among all.
Step 6: Using elif statements to check if 'B' is the greatest among all and to check
if 'C' is the greatest among all.
Step 7: If there are no matching conditions, 'else' can be used to print 'All the
values are equal'.
Step 8: Save the program.
Step 9: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step10: Display the output.
Step11: Stop the program.

Source Code:
print("CONTROL FLOW STATEMENTS")
print("Finding Greatest Number")
a=int(input("Enter the Value of A:"))
b=int(input("Enter the Value of B:"))
c=int(input("Enter the Value of C:"))
if a>b and a>c: #A greater than B and Greater than C
print("A is Greatest Among All")
elif b>a and b>c: #B greater than A and Greater than C
print("B is Greatest Among All")
elif c>a and c>b: #C greater than A and Greater than B
print("C is Greatest Among All")
else: #A,B,C are Equal
print("All the values are Equal")

Sample Input/Output:
CONTROL FLOW STATEMENTS
Finding Greatest Number
Enter the Value of A:50
Enter the Value of B:20
Enter the Value of C:10
A is Greatest Among All

CONTROL FLOW STATEMENTS

Finding Greatest Number
Enter the Value of A:100
Enter the Value of B:100
Enter the Value of C:100
All the values are Equal

Result:
Thus, the control flow statement program for finding the greatest number was
created successfully and the output was verified.
Ex no: 03
Program Using For Loop
Aim:
To write a Python program that displays a multiplication table using a for loop.
Procedure:
Step1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Print the program title 'Multiplication Table' using the 'Print' statement.
Step 4: Using the input function, prompt the user to input a variable num, n.
Step 5: Determine the value for i=1.
Step 6: Start a for loop to iterate through the numbers 1 to n using the range(1,n).
Let the variable i represent the current iteration number.
Step 7: Calculate the product of number and i inside the loop and print a formatted
string that shows the multiplication table.
Step 8: Save the program.
Step 9: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 10: Display the output for the Multiplication table.
Step 11: Stop the program.

Source Code:
# Multiplication table Using for loop
print("\n\nMultiplication Table Using For loop ")

# Reading the input

num = int(input("\nEnter the value for Multiplication Table: "))
n = int(input("\nEnter the Limit: "))
i=1

# using for loop to iterate multiplication table n times

print("\n\nMultiplication Table:")
for i in range(1, n+1):
print(i,'x',num,'=',num*i)
Output:
Multiplication Table Using For loop
Enter the value for Multiplication Table: 5
Enter the Limit: 10
Multiplication Table:
1x5=5
2 x 5 = 10
3 x 5 = 15
4 x 5 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
6 x 5 = 30
7 x 5 = 35
8 x 5 = 40
9 x 5 = 45
10 x 5 = 50

Result:
Thus, the multiplication table program mentioned above was successfully
displayed using a for loop and the output was verified.
Ex no: 04
Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation
Aim:
To develop a Python program that implements the following data structures:
a. Use list as stack.
b. Use list as queue.
c. Tuple and sequence.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Print the program title 'Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue, and Tuple
Implementation' using the print statement.
Step 4: Read the choice value from the user using an input statement.
Step 5: Define the function switch_case() and pass the choice value as an
argument.
Step 6:
If choice==1,
a. Create an empty list to serve as a stack.
b. Push the element into the stack using the append() method.
c. Display Current Elements in a stack using a print statement.
d. Remove elements from a stack using the pop() method.
e. Display elements in a stack after using the pop() method.
If choice==2,
a. Import the necessary module and create an empty list to serve as a queue.
b. Enqueue an element into the queue using the append() method.
c. Display current elements in a queue using a print statement.
d. Remove elements from a queue using the popleft() method.
e. Display elements in a queue after they have been removed.
If choice==3,
a. Declare a tuple variable and assign different values.
b. Access tuple elements using subscript[] as an index.
c. Access a subset of elements using the slicing technique.
 d. Add more elements to a tuple using the concatenation operator (+) by
creating a new tuple.
If choice>3,
a. Display "Invalid Choice"
Step 7: Save the program.
Step 8: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 9: Display the output of our choice.
Step 10: Stop the program.

Source Code:
from collections import deque
def switch_case(choice):
if choice==1:
print("Stack Implementation")
# Using list as a stack
stack = []
# Push elements onto the stack
stack.append(10)
stack.append(20)
stack.append(30)

print("Before Removed Element in Stack:", stack)

# Pop elements from the stack
pop_element = stack.pop()
print("Popped Element:", pop_element)

# Current stack after popping

print("After Removed Element in Stack:", stack)
elif choice==2:
print("Queue Implementation")
# Using list as a queue
queue = deque()
 # Enqueue elements into the queue
queue.append(10)
queue.append(20)
queue.append(30)

print("Before Removed Element in a Queue:", queue)

# Dequeue elements from the queue

dequeue_element = queue.popleft()
print("Dequeued Element:", dequeue_element)

# Current queue after dequeuing

print("After Removed Element in a Queue:", queue)
elif choice==3:
print("Tuple as a Sequence")
# Defining a tuple
my_tuple = (1, 2, 'a', 'b', 3.14)

# Accessing elements
first_element = my_tuple[0]
third_element = my_tuple[2]

# Slicing
subset = my_tuple[1:4]

# Concatenation
new_tuple = my_tuple + ('x', 'y', 'z')

# Printing results
print("Original Tuple:", my_tuple)
print("First Element:", first_element)
print("Subset:", subset)
 print("New Tuple:", new_tuple)
else:
print("Invalid choice")
print("Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation")
print("1.Using list as Stack")
print("2.Using list as Queue")
print("3.Tuple as Sequence")
choice=int(input("Enter your choice:"))
switch_case(choice)

Sample Input/Output:
Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation
1.Using list as Stack
2.Using list as Queue
3.Tuple as Sequence
Enter your choice:1
Stack Implementation
Before Removed Element in Stack: [10, 20, 30]
Popped Element: 30
After Removed Element in Stack: [10, 20]

Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation

1.Using list as Stack
2.Using list as Queue
3.Tuple as Sequence
Enter your choice:2

Queue Implementation
Before Removed Element in a Queue: deque([10, 20, 30])
Dequeued Element: 10
After Removed Element in a Queue: deque([20, 30])
Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation
1.Using list as Stack
2.Using list as Queue
3.Tuple as Sequence
Enter your choice:3
Tuple as a Sequence
Original Tuple: (1, 2, 'a', 'b', 3.14)
First Element: 1
Subset: (2, 'a', 'b')
New Tuple: (1, 2, 'a', 'b', 3.14, 'x', 'y', 'z')

Python Data Structures: Stack, Queue and Tuple Implementation

1.Using list as Stack
2.Using list as Queue
3.Tuple as Sequence
Enter your choice:4
Invalid choice

Result:
Thus, the implementation of the above-mentioned data structures will be
successfully completed.
Ex no: 05
Program using Modules
Aim:
To write a Python program to create a new module for mathematical operations
and use it in another program.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Create a new module and create user-defined functions, namely sum, diff,
product, and quo.
Step 4: Save the module program (maths.py).
Step 5: Using an import statement to include the module in our main program.
Step 6: Use a Print statement to print the program title.
Step 7: Declare two variables, namely num1 and num2, to read user inputs.
Step 8: Call the module functions using the dot operator (.).
Step 9: Save the main program (main.py).
Step 10: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 11: Show the output for each module function.
Step 12: Stop the program.

Source Code:
Module Program (maths.py)
#Module name maths.py
#Creating functions in a module
def sum(a,b):
return a+b;
def diff(a,b):
return a-b;
def product(a,b):
return a*b;

def quo(a,b):
 if(b==0):
return "Zero cannot be divided"
return a//b;

Main Program (main.py)

#importing module in our program
import maths
print("Mathematical Operations Using Module")
# Getting user input
num1=int(input("Enter the First Value:"))
num2=int(input("Enter the Second Value:"))
#Calling functions from the module
print("Sum of two numbers is:",maths.sum(num1,num2))
print("Difference of two numbers is:",maths.diff(num1,num2))
print("Product of two numbers is:",maths.product(num1,num2))
print("Division of two numbers (Quotient) is:",maths.quo(num1,num2))

Sample Input/Output:
Mathematical Operations Using Module
Enter the First Value:10
Enter the Second Value:6
Sum of two numbers is: 16
Difference of two numbers is: 4
Product of two numbers is: 60
Division of two numbers (Quotient) is: 1

Result:
Thus, the above-mentioned Python module must be created successfully and
perform mathematical operations successfully.
Ex no: 06
Files and Directories
Aim:
To develop a Python program which reads and writes files, as well as creates
and deletes directories.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Import necessary modules.
Step 4: Use a Print statement to print the program title.
Step 5: Determine the directory path. Using an exception handling mechanism to
handle errors during directory creation.
Step 6: Using the os.mkdir() method to create a new directory on the specified
path.
Step 7: Using the open() method to open a new file with a specified file name and
file mode.
Step 8: Retrieve the input string from the user and save it in a specified file.
Step 9: Close the file using the close() method.
Step 10: Open the file in read-only mode.
Step 11: Use a print statement to display the file's content.
Step 12: Close the file using the close() method.
Step 13: Read the user's choice value to delete the file and directory.
Step 14: Delete the file using the os.remove() method.
Step 15: Delete the directory using the os.rmdir() method.
Step 16: Save the program.
Step 17: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 18: Display the output and check if the file and directory is created or not.
Step 19: Stop the program.

Source Code:
import os
print("FILE HANDLING PROGRAM IN PYTHON")
# Create a Directory
path = "Z:\Lab"
try:
os.mkdir(path)
except OSError:
print ("Creation of the directory %s failed" % path)
else:
print ("Successfully created the directory %s " % path)

#Writing the content

file=open("Z:\Lab\sample.txt","w")
str1=input("Enter your String:")
file.write(str1)
file.close()

#Reading the content

file=open("Z:\Lab\sample.txt","r")
print("File Content:\n",file.read())
file.close()

# Remove the Directory

choice=int(input("Do you want to remove the directory press 1:"))
if(choice==1):
os.remove("Z:\Lab\sample.txt")
os.rmdir(path)
print ("Successfully Deleted the directory %s " % path)
else:
print ("Deletion of the directory %s failed" % path)

Sample Input/Output:
FILE HANDLING PROGRAM IN PYTHON
Successfully created the directory Z:\Lab
Enter your String: Welcome to Vysya College
File Content:
Welcome to Vysya College

Do you want to remove the directory press 1:1

Successfully Deleted the directory Z:\Lab

Result:
Thus, the above-mentioned file and directory were created and also deleted
successfully.
Ex no: 07
Exception Handling
Aim:
To create a python program that can handle the exception.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Print the program title using a Print statement.
Step 4: Using a try block to handle an exception.
Step 5: Get user input for number1 and number2 within the eval() method.
Step 6: Find the quotient and store it in the result.
Step 7: If number1 value is equal to 0, it will display the runtime error message.
Step 8: If the comma is omitted when reading the input, it will display the syntax
error.
Step 9: If number2 value is equal to 0, it will display the zero division error.
Step 10: If number1 and number2 are read by comma, it will find the result and
display the result value; otherwise, it will display the corresponding exception
message.
Step 11: Save the program.
Step 12: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 13: Display the output and check if the exceptions are handled correctly.
Step 14: Stop the program.

Source Code:
print("EXCEPTION HANDLING")
try:
number1, number2 = eval(input("Enter two numbers separated by a comma: "))
result = number1 / number2
print("Result is", result)
if(number1==0):
raise RuntimeError()
except ZeroDivisionError:
 print("Division by Zero")
except SyntaxError:
print("A comma may be Missing in the Input")
except RuntimeError:
print("May be Meaningless")
except:
print("Something Wrong in the Input")
else:
print("No Exceptions")
finally:
print("\t******")

Sample Input/Output:
Output 1:
EXCEPTION HANDLING
Enter two numbers separated by a comma: 8,3
Result is 2.6666666666666665
No Exceptions
******
Output 2:
EXCEPTION HANDLING
Enter two numbers separated by a comma: 8,0
Division by Zero
******
Output 3:
EXCEPTION HANDLING
Enter two numbers separated by a comma: 8 6
A comma may be Missing in the Input
******
Output 4:
EXCEPTION HANDLING
Enter two numbers separated by a comma: 0,7
Result is 0.0
May be Meaningless
******
Output 5:
EXCEPTION HANDLING
Enter two numbers separated by a comma: 4
Something Wrong in the Input
******

Result:
Thus, the above-mentioned exception handling program was created
successfully, and the output was verified.
Ex no: 08
Program using Class
Aim:
To create a Python program that utilizes classes to determine the area of a
square, rectangle, and circle.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Creating a new class by using the keyword class followed by the class
name Area.
Step 4: Add three different methods to the class: circle, square, and rectangle.
Step 5: Display the program title using the Print statement.
Step 6: Create an object for a class named obj.
Step 7: Use input statements to obtain necessary inputs from the user.
Step 8: Call the class methods using object(obj.) followed by the method name.
Step 9: Save the program.
Step 10: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 11: Display the output for square, rectangle, and circle areas.
Step 12: Stop the program.
Source Code:
class Area:
def circle(self,r):
print("Area of the Circle is :",3.14*r*r)
def square(self,a):
print("Area of the Square is :",(a*a))
def rectangle(self,l,b):
print("Area of the Rectangle is :",(l*b))
print("Program Using Class")
obj=Area()
radius=float(input("Enter the radius :"))
obj.circle(radius)
side=int(input("\nEnter the side of a Square:"))
obj.square(side)

length=int(input("\nEnter the length of a rectangle:"))

width=int(input("Enter the width of a rectangle:"))
obj.rectangle(length,width)

Sample Input/Output:
Program Using Class
Enter the radius :6
Area of the Circle is : 113.03999999999999

Enter the side of a Square:8

Area of the Square is : 64

Enter the length of a rectangle:4

Enter the width of a rectangle:8
Area of the Rectangle is : 32

Result:
Thus, the Python program mentioned above for finding the area of square,
rectangle, and circle has been executed successfully.
Ex no: 09
MYSQL Address Book
Aim:
To write a Python program to connect with MySQL and create an address book.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDE.
Step 3: Import mysql.connector module.
Step 4: Connect to MySQL Database:
a. Specify the host, username, password, and database name.
b. Establish a connection to the MySQL database.
Step 5: Create Table If Not Exists:
a. Create a cursor.
b. Execute query to create "contacts" table if not exists.
c. Commit changes.
Step 6: Define Functions:
a. contact_details(): Insert contact details into "contacts" table.
b. display_details(): Retrieve and display all contact details.
Step 7: Print the program title.
Step 8: Get user input for the number of contact details to be inserted.
Step 9: Call the contact_details() function to insert contact details into the
database.
Step 10: Call the display_details() to retrieve and print contact details.
Step 11: Close the cursor and the database connection.
Step 12: Save the program.
Step 13: Use a Python compiler or interpreter to execute the program.
Step 14: Display the output.
Step 15: Stop the program.
Source Code:
import mysql.connector
#Connection to Mysql Database
connection=mysql.connector.connect(
host='localhost',
username='root',
password='vysya',
database='addressbook'
)

#Create Table if not Already Exists

cursor=connection.cursor()
cursor.execute(" Create Table If not Exists contacts(ID int AUTO_INCREMENT
PRIMARY KEY,Name varchar(255) not null,Phno varchar(20),Email
varchar(255))")

#Save Changes
connection.commit()

#Add Contact Details

def contact_details(name,phno,email):
qry="insert into contacts(NAME,PHNO,EMAIL) values (%s,%s,%s)"
cursor.execute(qry,(name,phno,email))
connection.commit()

#Display Contact Details

def display_details():
qry="Select *from contacts"
cursor.execute(qry)
details=cursor.fetchall()
 if not details:
print("No Contact Details Found")
else:
print("Contact Details in a Database are:")
for detail in details:
print(detail)

#main program
print("\t\tMYSQL ADDRESSBOOK")
n=int(input("Enter no of Contact details: "))
for i in range (0,n):
print("\t\tADDRESSBOOK DETAILS: ",i+1)
name=input("Enter your Name: ")
phno=input("Enter your Phone Number: ")
email=input("Enter your Email: ")
contact_details(name,phno,email)

display_details()

#Close the Connection

cursor.close()
connection.close()
print("Connection Disconnected...")

Sample Input/Output:
MYSQL ADDRESSBOOK
Enter no of Contact details: 2
ADDRESSBOOK DETAILS: 1
Enter your Name: Hari
Enter your Phone Number: 458652
Enter your Email: hari@gmail.com
 ADDRESSBOOK DETAILS: 2
Enter your Name: Ravi
Enter your Phone Number: 478236
Enter your Email: ravi@yahoo.co.in
Contact Details in a Database are:
(1, 'Hari', '458652', 'hari@gmail.com')
(2, 'Ravi', '478236', 'ravi@yahoo.co.in')
Connection Disconnected...

Result:
Thus, the Python program mentioned above for creating a MySQL address book
has been executed successfully.
Ex no: 10
String Handling and Regular Expressions
Aim:
To write a Python program using string handling and regular expressions.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Open Python IDLE.
Step 3: Print the program title using a print statement.
Step 4: Import re module.
Step 5: Declare the variable and allow the user to provide input.
Step 6: Create a pattern and set it aside in a variable.
Step 7: Using the findall() function, determine if the supplied string contains the
proper email address.
Step 8: Using an if statement to display the correct email addresses or to display
the "No email addresses found" message.
Step 9: Define the class py_reverse.
Step 10: Get the input string from the user and display it in a reversed manner by
using string methods like split(), reverse(), and join().
Step 11: Save the program.
Step 12: Run the program by using a Python compiler or interpreter.
Step 13: Display the output.
Step 14: Stop the program.

Source Code:
import re
print("\t\t Program for String Handling and Regular Expressions”)
input_text = """
Some example Emails are:
Valid:
professor123@gmail.com
alan2004@gmail.com
Invalid:
unknown@gmail
googlegmail.com
"""

pattern = r'\S+@\S+\.\S+'
emails = re.findall(pattern, input_text)

if emails:
print("Found email addresses:")
for email in emails:
print(email)
else:
print("No email addresses found.")

class py_reverse:
def revr(self, strs):
sp=strs.split()
sp.reverse()
res=" ".join(sp)
return res

str1=input("Enter a string with 2 or more words: ")

print("Reverse of string word by word: \n",py_reverse().revr(str1));

Sample Input/Output:
Program for String Handling and Regular Expressions
Found email addresses:
professor123@gmail.com
alan2004@gmail.com
Enter a string with 2 or more words: Welcome to BCA
Reverse of string word by word:
BCA to Welcome
 Result:
Thus, the Python program mentioned above for string handling and regular
expression has been successfully executed.