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AI, Machine Learning and Data Science

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12 views

AI, Machine Learning and Data Science

Uploaded by

muska07n
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AI, Machine Learning and Data Science

Dr. Faisal Anwer


Department of Computer Science
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002
1
Copyright © Dept of Computer Science, AMU, Aligarh. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Review of Previous Lecture
• Motivation behind Data Science

• Objectives and Outcome of the Course

• Operations of Data Science


Contents
• Data Science vs Machine Learning

• AI vs Data Science

• AI vs Machine Learning vs Data Science


Data Science and Machine Learning
Data Science
• Data science
– Interdisciplinary field
– Includes
• Scientific methods,
• Processes and
• Algorithms on structured and unstructured data to extract
insights.
• Data Science combines:
– Mathematics,
– Statistics,
– Computer science, and
– specific expertise to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships
within data.
Data Science Stages
• Data collection.
• Data Storage
• Data preprocessing.
• Visualizing Data.
• Modeling and evaluation.
Machine Learning
• Machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence.

• Machine learning algorithms detect patterns and correlations


within dataset.

• Machine learning systems can make complex predictions and


analyses.

• The fundamental principle of Machine Learning lies in its


autonomous learning capability.
Machine learning and Data Science
(Similarities and Differences)
• Similarities
Machine learning workflows, similar to data science

• Differences
– Post Analysis
Data scientists typically interpret and report their findings,
whereas machine learning engineers focus on the model's
deployment, monitoring, and maintaining in a production
environment.
Data Science and Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence and Data
Science
Artificial Intelligence

• Artificial intelligence makes machines


seem like they have human intelligence.
• The goal of AI is to:
– Mimic the human and
– Create systems that can function
intelligently and independently.
AI and Data Science
• Tasks that constitute AI
– Problem Solving

– Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

– Decision Making

– Communication, perception and Actuation


Problem Soving

• Problem Solving
– Maze game
– Tic tac toe
(No data no modelling)
(Need efficient algo. A*, DFS/BFS)
Knowledge Representation &
Reasoning
• Knowledge Representation & Reasoning
– Eight Queen’s problem
– complex game rules
(Write rules and apply reasoning)
(No data no modelling)
(Need propositional and first order logic.)
Decision Making
• Decision Making
 Expert Systems (when rules are well known)
(Rules given by experts)
(Rules encoded using knowledge representation)
(Execution of rules by a program)
 Limitation of Expert Systems
Rules may be too complex
Rules may be inexpressible
Rules may be unknown (specially for new diseases)
 Here we can take help from Machine Learning, Reinforcement
Learning, Deep Learning ( No need to write rules).
Communication, perception and
Actuation

• Communication
– Traditionally AI agents (or robots) are required to
communicate with humans.
– The agent should have capability of Natural Language
Processing
– Modern NLP is data driven and ML/DL is best choice for
NLP
(Example: An agent can perform voice analysis using
Machine learning/Deep Learning)
Communication, perception and
Actuation
• Perception
– How agent perceive the environment (i.e., how agent
observe around its surrounding)
– It gives ability of vision and speech
– Modern CV (computer vision) and speech are data
driven
• Actuation
– Performing some action by an agent (i.e robot)
– Reinforcement Learning
– This is data driven now.
AI vs Data Science
Data Science AI Machine
Learning

Focus Extracting insight Enable computers to Provide a way to


from structured accomplish complex synthesize data,
and unstructured intellectual tasks like learn from it and
data for decision- humans. use the insights to
making and improve over
planning. time.

Application Solving Business Perform tasks like Extract


problems using humans by learning, knowledge from
descriptive and reasoning, and self- data to learn from
predictive correction. that data and
analytic. make predictions.
Examples: Robots,
Examples: Voice assistants, Online Examples:
Disease gaming. recommendation
prediction, system, Health
Financial analysis monitoring.
AI vs Machine Learning vs Data
Science
Summary
• In what way Data Science is related with Machine
Learning.
• The way AI and Data Science are related
• Finally, the relation between AI, Machine Learning and
Data Science.

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