Olympiad 8 - Part Test 1

Questions

1. If x +y+z = 4 and xy + yz + zx = 5 , then find the value of x3 + y 3 + z 3 − 3xyz .

2. Number of integer values of x satisfy (1 – x)(5 + x) > 0.

3. If 2a + 3b = 5 and ab = 1, find 4a2 + 9b2.

4. If a2 – 3a + 1 = 0 find the value of 7a2 – a4.

5. (3002)3 −(2002)3 −(1000)3

If x = 3×(2002)×(1000) , find sum of digits of x.

6. (x+1)2 (x2 −x+1)2 2 (x−1)2 (x2 +x+1)2 2

It is given that [ ] ×[ ] = b−1 c ,
(x3 +1)2 (x3 −1)2
Where x ≠ ± 1 and 10 > b > c > 4, and b, c both are integers. Find the number of possible order pairs of (b, c).

7. If x4 – 2x2 – 63 ≤ 0 gives x ∊ [a, b], then a15 +b15

15 15 a −b

8. If ( 1 ) (
2 1+ 1 ) (1
2 + 22 ) ( 1
1 + 24 ) ( 1
1 + 28 ) = 1 − 2a , find a.
1 1

9. If abc = 5 and a + b + c = 0 then the value of a3 + b3 + c3 is _____.

10. Number of integer values of x satisfy (x−1)(x−2) ⩽0

(x−3)(x−4)

11. Number of integer values of x satisfy: 2x+4

x−1
⩾5
12. 127 127
p
If 2q + 2pq = 2 then value of( 2pp+−qq ) + ( 2p3−q q )

13. Number of integer values of x satisfy: (x2 − 5x + 6) (x2 + 14x + 50) < 0 .
14. If a + b = 5 and a2 + b2 = 19 then the value of a3 + b3 is _____.
15. If x 2 + 31x = 2 (x ≠ 0), then 2x3 + (62x)3 equals

16. Least integral value of x satisfyx2 − x8 ⩽ 0

17. If x = 2y + 6 then the value of x3 − 8y 3 − 36xy − 210 is

18. If 1
a−b
+ b−1 c + c−1 a = 5 & (a − b)(b − c)(c − a) = −1
3 3
Then ( a−1 b ) + ( b−1 c ) + ( c−1 a )3 − 100
19. If a ≠ 2b & a3 + 8b3 = 18ab − 27 then find the value of –(a + 2b).

20. Suppose that a, b, c are distinct numbers such that

(b – a)2 – 4(b – c)(c – a) = 0
b−c
Find the value of c−a

21. Number of integral values of x satisfy

(x+2)(x2 +2x+1)
4+3x−x2 ⩾0 & x2 ⩽ −1
22. If x2 + 25y 2 + 10y + 2x = 5xy − 4 then x2 + 10y
23. If x, y are natural numbers satisfying equation x2 + y2 – 45x – 45y + 2xy – 46 = 0. then find the value of x + y.

24. Let a and b be positive real numbers such that

2
1
a − 1b − a+1 b = 0 . Find the value of ( ab + ab )
25.
Suppose x – y = 1. Find the value of x4 – xy3 – 3x2 y + 3xy2 – yx3 + y4

26. If a > b > c > d are the elements of the set and the pairwise sum of distinct elements of the set, in no particular order are 185, 200, 211, 222, x and y. Find the sum of digits of greatest possible of x + y.

27. If a + b + c = 0, then the value of 1

a2 +b2 −c2
+ a2 +c12 −b2 + b2 +c12 −a2 is

28. Given that 169(157 – 77x)2 + 100(201 – 100x)2 = 26(77x – 157)(1000x – 2010), find the value of x.

29. Find the number of positive integer solutions (x, y) of the equation y2 – x (x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 3) = 1, if y < 100.

30. If a b , and c are distinct non-zero real numbers such that (a2 − bc) 2 = (ac − b2 ) (ab − c2 ) , then find the value of a + b + c.
 Answer Key

1. 4.00 2. 5 3. 13 4. 1 5. 5 6. 4.00
7. 0.00 8. 16 9. 15 10. 2 11. 2 12. 2.00
13. 0 14. 80 15. 1 16. 1.00 17. 6.00 18. 22.00
19. 3 20. 1.00 21. 1.00 22. 0.00 23. 46.00 24. 5.00
25. 1.00 26. 13.00 27. 0 28. 31.00 29. 8.00 30. 0.00
 Solutions

1. (4.00)
Let’s use the following identities.
a 3
+ b 3
+ c 3
−3 abc = (a + b + c) (a + b + c − ab − bc − ca) 2 2 2

a 2
+ b 2
+ c 2
− ab − bc − ca = (a + b + c) − 3 (ab + bc + ca) 2

∴ x 3
+ y 3
+ z − 3xyz = (x + y + z) ((x + y + z) − 3 (xy + yz + zx))
3 2

= 4 ((4) 2
−3×5 )
= 4

2. (5)
(x – 1)(5 + x) < 0
-5 < x < 1
x = -4, -3, -2, -1, 0

3. (13)
4a2 + 9b2 = (2a + 3b)2 – 12ab = 13

4. (1)
a+1/a = 3
a2 + 1/a2 = 7
a4 – 7a2 = -1

5. (5)
(3002) + (– 2002) + (– 1000) = 0
So, (3002)3 + (–2002)3 + (– 1000)3 = 3 × 3002 × (– 2002) × (– 1000) [∴ x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz]
∴
3 3 3
(3002) −(2002) −(1000)
= 3002
3×2002×1000

6. (4.00)
On solving
2 2
x+1) (x x+1) x−1) (x x+1)
2 2 2 2 2 2

[
( −
] [
( +
× ] =
b−c
1

( x 3
+1)
2
( x 3
−1)
2

We get, b−c
1
= 1, b−c = 1
⇒ (b, c) = (9, 8), (8, 7), (7, 6) (6, 5)

7. (0.00)
(x − 9) ( x
2 2
+7 )⩽0
x ∈ [−3, 3]
a = -3, b = 3

a 15
+b 15

= 0
a 15
−b
15

8. (16)
(1 − ) (1 1

2
+
1

2
) (1 +
1

2
) (1 +
1

4
) (1 +
1

8
) = 1− 1

16
2 2 2 2

9. (15)
we know that
a 3
+ b
abc = (a + b + c) (a
3
+ c 3
−3
2
+ b 2
+ c 2
− ab − bc − ca)
Therefore, if a + b + c = 0
⇒ a + b + c − 3abc = 0
3 3 3

⇒ a + b + c = 3abc
3 3 3

= 3×5

= 15

10. (2)
(

(
x−1)( x−2)
x−3)( x−4)
⩽ 0

x = 1, 2, 3, 4

x ∈ [1, 2] ∪ (3, 4)

11. (2)
2x+4
x−1 5 ⩾
⇒
2x +4

x−1 − 5 ⩾ 0

⇒
2x +4−5x +5

x−1
⩾ 0

x+9
⇒
−3

x−1
⩾0
3x − 9
⇒
x−1
⩽0

⇒ x ∈ (1, 3]

12. (2.00)
p 2
+4 q 2
= 4 pq
p 2
+4 q 2
−4 pq = 0
p= 2q
( 2pp+−qq ) p−q 127 q q 127 q q 127
127

+ ( 2

3q
) = ( 2 +

4 − q q
) + ( 4 −

3q
)
=2

13. (0)
(x 2
−5 x + 6) (x 2
+ 14 x + 50) < 0
⇒ ( x − 2) (x − 3) ((x + 7) 2
+1 )<0
⇒ ( x − 2) (x − 3) < 0 [∵ (x + 7) 2
+1 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R]
∴ x ∈ (2, 3)

14. (80)
We know that
( a + b) 2
= a 2
+ b 2
+2 ab
⇒ (5)
2
= 19 + 2 ab
⇒ 25 − 19 = 2 ab
⇒ ab = 3
Now,
⇒ (5)
3
= a 3
+ b 3
+ 3 × 3 (5)

⇒ a 3
+ b 3
= 80

15. (1)
Given 2x + 3
1

x
= 2

⇒ x+ x 6
1
= 1

⇒x + 3 1
+3× x× 1

x
(x + x ) = 1 1

(6 x) 3 6 6

⇒x 3
+
1
+
1
= 1
(6 x) 3 2

⇒x 3
+
1
=
1

(6 x) 3 2

16. (1.00)
x−2) (x +2x+4)
⩽
2
(
0
x
⇒x ∊ (0 , 2]

17. (6.00)
x - 2y – 6 = 0 ⇒ x3 + (-2y)3 + (-6)3 = 3(x)(-2y)(-6)
x 3
−8 y 3
− 36 xy − 210 = 6

18. (22.00)
By property, (x + y + z)3 - (x3 + y3 + z3) = 3(x + y)(y + z)(z + x)
3 3 3

(a b) (b c) (a )( b c−a ) ( c−a )+(a c−a )

3
1

−
+
−
1
+ (c a) 1

−
− 100 = −3
1

− b
+
b−c
1 1

− c
+
1 1
+
1

a−b −
1

b
+
1

b−c
+
1
− 100

=
( a−b)( b−c)( c−a)
3
+ (a −
1

b +
b−c
1
+
c−a )
1
− 100

= –3 + 125 - 100 = 22

19. (3)
Given, a 3
+8 b 3
= 18 ab − 27
⇒ a 3
+8 b + 27 − 18ab = 0
3

( a + 2b + 3)
⇒ [(a − 2b) 2
+ (2 b − 3) 2
+ (3 − a) ] = 02

⇒ a + 2b + 3 = 0 (∵ a ≠ 2b)
⇒ a + 2b = −3

20. (1.00)
Observe that ((b – c)) + (c – a))2 – 4(b – c)(c – a) = 0.
Hence ((b – c) – (c – a))2 = 0.
Thus b – c = c – a.

21. (1.00)
x+2)( x+1)
⩽
2
(
0
x −3x−4
2

x+2)( x+1)
⩽
2
(
0
( x−4)( x+1)

x ∈ [−∞, −2] ∪ (−1, 4) . . . . . . . (i)

2+

x
x
⩽ 0

x ∈ [−2, 0). . . . . (ii)

From (i) and (ii)
x = −2

22. (0.00)
x 2
+ (5 ) y 2
+ (2)
2
−( x) (5y) + (5y) (2) + (2) (x) = 0
(x - 5y)2 + (5y + 2)2 + (x + 2)2 = 0
x = 5y & 5y = –2 & x = –2
y = –2/5, x = -2
10y + x2 = 0

23. (46.00)
x2 + y2 – 45x – 45y + 2xy – 46 = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 + 2xy – (45x + 45y) – 46 = 0
⇒ (x + y)2 – 45 (x + y) – 46 = 0
⇒ (x + y + 1)(x + y – 46) = 0
x + y = –1 is not possible since x and y are natural numbers.
∴ x + y = 46

24. (5.00)
Let x = b/a
Then b = ax. Hence we have
1 1 1 1 1 1
− − = 0 ⇒ − − = 0
a b a+b a ax a+ax

a (1 − x x)
1 1 1
⇒ − = 0
1+

x (x + 1) − (x + 1) − x = 0
⇒

x −x−1 = 0
⇒
2

⇒ x −x−1 = 0
2

⇒ x =
1±√1+4 1±√5
=
2 2

25. (1.00)
x4 – xy3 – 3x2 y + 3xy2 – yx3 + y4 = (x – y)[(x – y) (x2 + xy + y2) – 3xy]
= (x2 + xy + y2) – 3xy (because x - y = 1)
= (x - y)2
=1

26. (13.00)
a>b>c>d
a+b>a+c>b+c>a+d>b+d>c+d
a +b = x, a + c = y, b + c = 222, a + d = 211,
b + d = 200, c + d = 185
x + y = (a + b) + (a + c)
= 2((a + d) + (b + c)) – ((c + d) + (b + d))
= 2(211 + 222) – (185 + 200)
= 866 – 385
= 481
∴ Sum of digits = 4 + 8 + 1 = 13

27. (0)
a+b+c=0
⇒ a + b = -c
⇒ (a + b)2 = (–c)2
a2 + b2 – c2 = –2ab
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = + +
a 2
+ b
2
− c 2
a 2
+ c
2
− b
2
b
2
+ c
2
− a 2 −2 ab −2 ac −2 bc
= −
1

2
[ a abc
b c
] [∵ a + b + c = 0]
+ +

1
= − ×0
2

=0

28. (31.00)

29. (8.00)
Let x be an arbitrary positive integers. We easily check the identity x(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3) + 1 = (x2 + 3x + 1)2, which, in view of our equation, implies y = x2 + 3x + 1. Thus, all solutions in positive integers x, y of our equation are : x – an arbitrary positive integer, and
y = x2 + 3x + 1.
y < 100
x2 + 3x + 1 < 100
x≤8
Therefore 8 pairs
(1, 5), (2, 11), (3, 19),……………., (8, 89)

30. (0.00)
Given (a − bc) = ( ac − b ) ( ab − c )
2
2 2 2

⇒ a + b c − 2a bc = a bc − ac − ab + b c
4 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2

⇒ a − 2a bc = a bc − ac − ab
4 2 2 3 3

⇒ a(a − 2abc) = a(abc − c − b )

3 3 3

a + b + c − 3abc = 0 [ ∵ a , b, c are distinct and non - zero]

3 3 3
⇒

⇒ a+b+c = 0 [∵ a, b, c are distinct ⇒ a + b + c − ab − bc − ca ≠ 0] 2 2 2