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 Category Function Description
BETADIST function Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETAINV function Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a
specified beta distribution
BINOMDIST function Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
CHIDIST function Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHIINV function Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared
distribution
CHITEST function Returns the test for independence
CONCATENATE function Joins two or more text strings into one string
CONFIDENCE function Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
COVAR function Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

CRITBINOM function Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial
distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
EXPONDIST function Returns the exponential distribution
FDIST function Returns the F probability distribution
FINV function Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
FLOOR function Rounds a number down, toward zero
FORECAST function Calculates, or predicts, a future value by using existing values.
FTEST function Returns the result of an F-test
GAMMADIST function Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMAINV function Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
HYPGEOMDIST function Returns the hypergeometric distribution
Compatibility Function LOGINV function Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function
LOGNORMDIST function Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
MODE function Returns the most common value in a data set
NEGBINOMDIST function Returns the negative binomial distribution
NORMDIST function Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORMINV function Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORMSDIST function Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORMSINV function Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
PERCENTILE function Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
PERCENTRANK function Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
POISSON function Returns the Poisson distribution
QUARTILE function Returns the quartile of a data set
RANK function Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
STDEV function Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEVP function Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
TDIST function Returns the Student's t-distribution
TINV function Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
TTEST function Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
VAR function Estimates variance based on a sample
VARP function Calculates variance based on the entire population
WEIBULL function Returns the Weibull distribution
ZTEST function Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) property and displays the KPI
CUBEKPIMEMBER function name in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly
gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, that is used to monitor an
organization's performance.

CUBEMEMBER function Returns a member or tuple from the cube. Use to validate that the
member or tuple exists in the cube.

Returns the value of a member property from the cube. Use to validate
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified
Cube Function
property for this member.
Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more
CUBERANKEDMEMBER function elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or the top 10
students.
Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set
CUBESET function expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then
returns that set to Microsoft Excel.
 Category Function Description
CUBESETCOUNT function Returns the number of items in a set.
CUBEVALUE function Returns an aggregated value from the cube.
DAVERAGE function Returns the average of selected database entries
DCOUNT function Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database
DCOUNTA function Counts nonblank cells in a database
DGET function Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified
criteria
DMAX function Returns the maximum value from selected database entries
DMIN function Returns the minimum value from selected database entries

DPRODUCT function Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the
criteria in a database
Database Function
DSTDEV function Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected
database entries

DSTDEVP function Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of
selected database entries

DSUM function Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that
match the criteria
DVAR function Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries
DVARP function Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database
entries
DATE function Returns the serial number of a particular date

DATEDIF function Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates.
This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age.
DATEVALUE function Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number
DAY function Converts a serial number to a day of the month
DAYS function Returns the number of days between two dates
DAYS360 function Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day
year
EDATE function Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of
months before or after the start date

EOMONTH function Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a
specified number of months
HOUR function Converts a serial number to an hour
ISOWEEKNUM function Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date
MINUTE function Converts a serial number to a minute
MONTH function Converts a serial number to a month
NETWORKDAYS function Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

NETWORKDAYS.INTL function Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using
Date & Time Functions
parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days
NOW function Returns the serial number of the current date and time
SECOND function Converts a serial number to a second
TIME function Returns the serial number of a particular time
TIMEVALUE function Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number
TODAY function Returns the serial number of today's date
WEEKDAY function Converts a serial number to a day of the week

WEEKNUM function Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls
numerically with a year

WORKDAY function Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number
of workdays

Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number
WORKDAY.INTL function of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are
weekend days
YEAR function Converts a serial number to a year

YEARFRAC function Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days
between start_date and end_date
BESSELI function Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
BESSELJ function Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
BESSELK function Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)
BESSELY function Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
BIN2DEC function Converts a binary number to decimal
 Category Function Description
BIN2HEX function Converts a binary number to hexadecimal
BIN2OCT function Converts a binary number to octal
BITAND function Returns a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers
BITLSHIFT function Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits
BITOR function Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers
BITRSHIFT function Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits
BITXOR function Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers
COMPLEX function Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number
CONVERT function Converts a number from one measurement system to another
DEC2BIN function Converts a decimal number to binary
DEC2HEX function Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal
DEC2OCT function Converts a decimal number to octal
DELTA function Tests whether two values are equal
ERF function Returns the error function
ERF.PRECISE function Returns the error function
ERFC function Returns the complementary error function
ERFC.PRECISE function Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and
infinity
GESTEP function Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value
HEX2BIN function Converts a hexadecimal number to binary
HEX2DEC function Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal
HEX2OCT function Converts a hexadecimal number to octal
IMABS function Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number
Engineering Function
IMAGINARY function Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number
IMARGUMENT function Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians
IMCONJUGATE function Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number
IMCOS function Returns the cosine of a complex number
IMCOSH function Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number
IMCOT function Returns the cotangent of a complex number
IMCSC function Returns the cosecant of a complex number
IMCSCH function Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
IMDIV function Returns the quotient of two complex numbers
IMEXP function Returns the exponential of a complex number
IMLN function Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG10 function Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG2 function Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number
IMPOWER function Returns a complex number raised to an integer power
IMPRODUCT function Returns the product of from 2 to 255 complex numbers
IMREAL function Returns the real coefficient of a complex number
IMSEC function Returns the secant of a complex number
IMSECH function Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number
IMSIN function Returns the sine of a complex number
IMSINH function Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number
IMSQRT function Returns the square root of a complex number
IMSUB function Returns the difference between two complex numbers
IMSUM function Returns the sum of complex numbers
IMTAN function Returns the tangent of a complex number
OCT2BIN function Converts an octal number to binary
OCT2DEC function Converts an octal number to decimal
OCT2HEX function Converts an octal number to hexadecimal
ACCRINT function Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest
ACCRINTM function Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

AMORDEGRC function Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a
depreciation coefficient
AMORLINC function Returns the depreciation for each accounting period

COUPDAYBS function Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to
the settlement date
 Category Function Description

COUPDAYS function Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the
settlement date
COUPDAYSNC function Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next
coupon date
COUPNCD function Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date

COUPNUM function Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date
and maturity date
COUPPCD function Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date
CUMIPMT function Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods
CUMPRINC function Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

DB function Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the
fixed-declining balance method
Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the
DDB function double-declining balance method or some other method that you
specify
DISC function Returns the discount rate for a security

DOLLARDE function Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price,
expressed as a decimal number

DOLLARFR function Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar
price, expressed as a fraction
DURATION function Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest
payments
EFFECT function Returns the effective annual interest rate
FV function Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE function Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of
compound interest rates
INTRATE function Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security
IPMT function Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period
IRR function Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
ISPMT function Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment

MDURATION function Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed
Financial Functions par value of $100

MIRR function Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash
flows are financed at different rates
NOMINAL function Returns the annual nominal interest rate
NPER function Returns the number of periods for an investment

NPV function Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of
periodic cash flows and a discount rate
ODDFPRICE function Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first
period
ODDFYIELD function Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period
ODDLPRICE function Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last
period
ODDLYIELD function Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period

PDURATION function Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a

specified value
PMT function Returns the periodic payment for an annuity
PPMT function Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given
period
Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic
PRICE function
interest
PRICEDISC function Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security
PRICEMAT function Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at
maturity
PV function Returns the present value of an investment
RATE function Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity
RECEIVED function Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security
RRI function Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment
SLN function Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period
SYD function Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified
period
TBILLEQ function Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill
TBILLPRICE function Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill
TBILLYIELD function Returns the yield for a Treasury bill

VDB function Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by
using a declining balance method
 Category Function Description

XIRR function Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is
not necessarily periodic

XNPV function Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not
necessarily periodic
YIELD function Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest
YIELDDISC function Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a
Treasury bill
YIELDMAT function Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity
CELL function Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell
ERROR.TYPE function Returns a number corresponding to an error type
INFO function Returns information about the current operating environment Note: This
function is not available in Excel for the web.
ISBLANK function Returns TRUE if the value is blank
ISERR function Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A
ISERROR function Returns TRUE if the value is any error value
ISEVEN function Returns TRUE if the number is even
ISFORMULA function Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula
ISLOGICAL function Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value
ISNA function Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value
Information Function
ISNONTEXT function Returns TRUE if the value is not text
ISNUMBER function Returns TRUE if the value is a number
ISODD function Returns TRUE if the number is odd
ISOMITTED function Checks whether the value in a LAMBDA is missing and returns TRUE or
FALSE
ISREF function Returns TRUE if the value is a reference
ISTEXT function Returns TRUE if the value is text
N function Returns a value converted to a number
NA function Returns the error value #N/A
SHEET function Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet
SHEETS function Returns the number of sheets in a reference
TYPE function Returns a number indicating the data type of a value
AND function Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
BYCOL function Applies a LAMBDA to each column and returns an array of the results
BYROW function Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results
FALSE function Returns the logical value FALSE
IF function Specifies a logical test to perform

IFERROR function Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error;

otherwise, returns the result of the formula

IFNA function Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A,
otherwise returns the result of the expression

IFS function Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value
that corresponds to the first TRUE condition.
LAMBDA function Create custom, reusable functions and call them by a friendly name
LET function Assigns names to calculation results

MAKEARRAY function Returns a calculated array of a specified row and column size, by
Logical Function
applying a LAMBDA

MAP function Returns an array formed by mapping each value in the array(s) to a new
value by applying a LAMBDA to create a new value
NOT function Reverses the logic of its argument
OR function Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE

REDUCE function Reduces an array to an accumulated value by applying a LAMBDA to

each value and returning the total value in the accumulator

SCAN function Scans an array by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returns an
array that has each intermediate value

Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result

SWITCH function corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an
optional default value may be returned.
TRUE function Returns the logical value TRUE
XOR function Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments
 Category Function Description
ADDRESS function Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet
AREAS function Returns the number of areas in a reference
CHOOSE function Chooses a value from a list of values
CHOOSECOLS function Returns the specified columns from an array
CHOOSEROWS function Returns the specified rows from an array
COLUMN function Returns the column number of a reference
COLUMNS function Returns the number of columns in a reference
DROP function Excludes a specified number of rows or columns from the start or end of
an array
EXPAND function Expands or pads an array to specified row and column dimensions
FILTER function Filters a range of data based on criteria you define
FORMULATEXT function Returns the formula at the given reference as text
GETPIVOTDATA function Returns data stored in a PivotTable report
HLOOKUP function Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated
cell
HSTACK function Appends arrays horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array

HYPERLINK function Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network
server, an intranet, or the Internet
IMAGE function Returns an image from a given source
INDEX function Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array
INDIRECT function Returns a reference indicated by a text value
LOOKUP function Looks up values in a vector or array
MATCH function Looks up values in a reference or array
OFFSET function Returns a reference offset from a given reference
Lookup and Reference Functions ROW function Returns the row number of a reference
ROWS function Returns the number of rows in a reference
RTD function Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation
SORT function Sorts the contents of a range or array

SORTBY function Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a
corresponding range or array

TAKE function Returns a specified number of contiguous rows or columns from the
start or end of an array
TOCOL function Returns the array in a single column
TOROW function Returns the array in a single row
TRANSPOSE function Returns the transpose of an array
UNIQUE function Returns a list of unique values in a list or range

VLOOKUP function Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return
the value of a cell
VSTACK function Appends arrays vertically and in sequence to return a larger array

WRAPCOLS function Wraps the provided row or column of values by columns after a
specified number of elements

WRAPROWS function Wraps the provided row or column of values by rows after a specified
number of elements

Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to

XLOOKUP function the first match it finds. If a match doesn't exist, then XLOOKUP can
return the closest (approximate) match.
XMATCH function Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells.
ABS function Returns the absolute value of a number
ACOS function Returns the arccosine of a number
ACOSH function Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
ACOT function Returns the arccotangent of a number
ACOTH function Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
AGGREGATE function Returns an aggregate in a list or database
ARABIC function Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number
ASIN function Returns the arcsine of a number
ASINH function Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN function Returns the arctangent of a number
ATAN2 function Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
ATANH function Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
 Category Function Description
BASE function Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)
CEILING function Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of
significance
CEILING.MATH function Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of
significance
Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of
CEILING.PRECISE function significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is
rounded up.
COMBIN function Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
COMBINA function Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number
of items
COS function Returns the cosine of a number
COSH function Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COT function Returns the cotangent of an angle
COTH function Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a number
CSC function Returns the cosecant of an angle
CSCH function Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
DECIMAL function Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a
decimal number
DEGREES function Converts radians to degrees
EVEN function Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXP function Returns e raised to the power of a given number
FACT function Returns the factorial of a number
FACTDOUBLE function Returns the double factorial of a number
FLOOR function Rounds a number down, toward zero

FLOOR.MATH function Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest
multiple of significance

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple

FLOOR.PRECISE function of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is
rounded down.
GCD function Returns the greatest common divisor
INT function Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

ISO.CEILING function Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the
nearest multiple of significance
LCM function Returns the least common multiple

LET function Assigns names to calculation results to allow storing intermediate

calculations, values, or defining names inside a formula
Math and Trignomatory Functions LN function Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG function Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10 function Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
MDETERM function Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MINVERSE function Returns the matrix inverse of an array
MMULT function Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD function Returns the remainder from division
MROUND function Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple
MULTINOMIAL function Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
MUNIT function Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension
ODD function Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
PI function Returns the value of pi
POWER function Returns the result of a number raised to a power
PRODUCT function Multiplies its arguments
QUOTIENT function Returns the integer portion of a division
RADIANS function Converts degrees to radians
RAND function Returns a random number between 0 and 1
Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you
RANDARRAY function can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and
maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal
values.
RANDBETWEEN function Returns a random number between the numbers you specify
ROMAN function Converts an Arabic numeral to Roman, as text
ROUND function Rounds a number to a specified number of digits
Category Function Description
ROUNDDOWN function Rounds a number down, toward zero
ROUNDUP function Rounds a number up, away from zero
SEC function Returns the secant of an angle
SECH function Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
SERIESSUM function Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula
SEQUENCE function Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4
SIGN function Returns the sign of a number
SIN function Returns the sine of the given angle
SINH function Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SQRT function Returns a positive square root
SQRTPI function Returns the square root of (number * pi)
SUBTOTAL function Returns a subtotal in a list or database
SUM function Adds its arguments
SUMIF function Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
SUMIFS function Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria
SUMPRODUCT function Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components
SUMSQ function Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments

SUMX2MY2 function Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in
two arrays
SUMX2PY2 function Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two
arrays
Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in
SUMXMY2 function
two arrays
TAN function Returns the tangent of a number
TANH function Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TRUNC function Truncates a number to an integer
AVEDEV function Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their
mean
AVERAGE function Returns the average of its arguments
AVERAGEA function Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and
logical values
AVERAGEIF function Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that
meet a given criteria
AVERAGEIFS function Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple
criteria
BETA.DIST function Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETA.INV function Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a
specified beta distribution
BINOM.DIST function Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BINOM.DIST.RANGE function Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution

BINOM.INV function Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial
distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
CHISQ.DIST function Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.DIST.RT function Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.INV function Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.INV.RT function Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared
distribution
CHISQ.TEST function Returns the test for independence
CONFIDENCE.NORM function Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CONFIDENCE.T function Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student's
t distribution
CORREL function Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets
COUNT function Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments
COUNTA function Counts how many values are in the list of arguments
COUNTBLANK function Counts the number of blank cells within a range
COUNTIF function Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria
COUNTIFS function Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria
COVARIANCE.P function Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

COVARIANCE.S function Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations
for each data point pair in two data sets
DEVSQ function Returns the sum of squares of deviations
EXPON.DIST function Returns the exponential distribution
F.DIST function Returns the F probability distribution
 Category Function Description
F.DIST.RT function Returns the F probability distribution
F.INV function Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
F.INV.RT function Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
F.TEST function Returns the result of an F-test
FISHER function Returns the Fisher transformation
FISHERINV function Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation
Returns a value along a linear trend Note: In Excel 2016, this function is
FORECAST function replaced with FORECAST.LINEAR as part of the new Forecasting functions, but it's still
available for compatibility with earlier versions.

FORECAST.ETS function Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the
AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm
FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT function Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified
target date
FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the
function specified time series
FORECAST.ETS.STAT function Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting
FORECAST.LINEAR function Returns a future value based on existing values
FREQUENCY function Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array
GAMMA function Returns the Gamma function value
GAMMA.DIST function Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMA.INV function Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
GAMMALN function Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)
GAMMALN.PRECISE function Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)
GAUSS function Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution
GEOMEAN function Returns the geometric mean
GROWTH function Returns values along an exponential trend
HARMEAN function Returns the harmonic mean
HYPGEOM.DIST function Returns the hypergeometric distribution
INTERCEPT function Returns the intercept of the linear regression line
KURT function Returns the kurtosis of a data set
LARGE function Returns the k-th largest value in a data set
LINEST function Returns the parameters of a linear trend
Statistical Functions LOGEST function Returns the parameters of an exponential trend
LOGNORM.DIST function Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
LOGNORM.INV function Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution
MAX function Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments

MAXA function Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers,
text, and logical values

MAXIFS function Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of
conditions or criteria
MEDIAN function Returns the median of the given numbers
MIN function Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments

MINA function Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers,
text, and logical values

MINIFS function Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of
conditions or criteria.

MODE.MULT function Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive
values in an array or range of data
MODE.SNGL function Returns the most common value in a data set
NEGBINOM.DIST function Returns the negative binomial distribution
NORM.DIST function Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.INV function Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.DIST function Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.INV function Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
PEARSON function Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

PERCENTILE.EXC function Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range
0..1, exclusive
PERCENTILE.INC function Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
 Category Function Description

PERCENTRANK.EXC function Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1,
exclusive) of the data set
PERCENTRANK.INC function Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
PERMUT function Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects

PERMUTATIONA function Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with
repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects
PHI function Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal
distribution
POISSON.DIST function Returns the Poisson distribution
PROB function Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits
QUARTILE.EXC function Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from
0..1, exclusive
QUARTILE.INC function Returns the quartile of a data set
RANK.AVG function Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RANK.EQ function Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RSQ function Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
SKEW function Returns the skewness of a distribution
Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population: a characterization of the
SKEW.P function
degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean
SLOPE function Returns the slope of the linear regression line
SMALL function Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set
STANDARDIZE function Returns a normalized value
STDEV.P function Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEV.S function Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical
STDEVA function
values
Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text,
STDEVPA function and logical values
STEYX function Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression
T.DIST function Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.2T function Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.RT function Returns the Student's t-distribution
Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the
T.INV function degrees of freedom
T.INV.2T function Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
T.TEST function Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
TREND function Returns values along a linear trend
TRIMMEAN function Returns the mean of the interior of a data set
VAR.P function Calculates variance based on the entire population
VAR.S function Estimates variance based on a sample
VARA function Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical
VARPA function
values
WEIBULL.DIST function Returns the Weibull distribution
Z.TEST function Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test
Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to
ASC function
half-width (single-byte) characters
ARRAYTOTEXT function Returns an array of text values from any specified range
BAHTTEXT function Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format
CHAR function Returns the character specified by the code number
CLEAN function Removes all nonprintable characters from text
CODE function Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string
Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn't provide the
CONCAT function
delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments.
CONCATENATE function Joins several text items into one text item
Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to
DBCS function
full-width (double-byte) characters
DOLLAR function Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format
EXACT function Checks to see if two text values are identical
FIND, FINDB functions Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)
FIXED function Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals
LEFT, LEFTB functions Returns the leftmost characters from a text value
LEN, LENB functions Returns the number of characters in a text string
LOWER function Converts text to lowercase
Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you
MID, MIDB functions specify
Text Functions
 Text Functions
Category Function Description
NUMBERVALUE function Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner
PHONETIC function Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string
PROPER function Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value
REPLACE, REPLACEB functions Replaces characters within text
REPT function Repeats text a given number of times
RIGHT, RIGHTB functions Returns the rightmost characters from a text value
SEARCH, SEARCHB functions Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)
SUBSTITUTE function Substitutes new text for old text in a text string
T function Converts its arguments to text
TEXT function Formats a number and converts it to text
TEXTAFTER function Returns text that occurs after given character or string
TEXTBEFORE function Returns text that occurs before a given character or string
TEXTJOIN function Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings
TEXTSPLIT function Splits text strings by using column and row delimiters
TRIM function Removes spaces from text
UNICHAR function Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value
UNICODE function Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text
UPPER function Converts text to uppercase
VALUE function Converts a text argument to a number
VALUETOTEXT function Returns text from any specified value
ENCODEURL function Returns a URL-encoded string
Web Functions FILTERXML function Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath
WEBSERVICE function Returns data from a web service
CALL function Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource
Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency,
EUROCONVERT function or converts a number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an
User Defined Functions intermediary (triangulation)
Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that
REGISTER.ID function has been previously registered