Optimizing Delivery Routes with Advanced Data Structures and

Algorithms for Fuel Efficiency, Time Minimization, and Dynamic

Adaptation

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
EKTA SINGH
23BCS11617
703-A

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Chandigarh University

Month, 2024
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Figures .........................................................................................................

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .........................................................................

1.1. Introduction to Project ................................................................................................... 5

1.2. Identification of Problem ............................................................................................... 6

CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND STUDY ........................................................... 7

2.1. Existing solutions .......................................................................................................... 7

2.2. Problem Definition ........................................................................................................ 8

2.3. Goals/Objectives ........................................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER 3. DESIGN FLOW/PROCESS ....................................................... 9

3.1. Evaluation & Selection of Specifications/Features ......................................................... 9

3.2. Analysis of Features and finalization subject to constraints ............................................ 9

3.3. Design Flow ................................................................................................................ 12

CHAPTER 4. RESULTS ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION .......................... 13
4.1. Implementation of solution .......................................................................................... 13

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK ................................. 15

5.1. Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 15

5.2. Future work.....................................................................................................................

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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

- Introduction to Project
The project addresses the growing demand for efficient, environmentally conscious
delivery services in the e-commerce industry. It focuses on optimizing delivery
routes by employing advanced data structures and algorithms, reducing both fuel
usage and delivery time. Additionally, the project accommodates dynamic address
changes and varying customer priorities, enabling a flexible and responsive delivery
system.

- Identification of Problem
Challenges in traditional routing methods include inefficient path selection, static
routing, and the inability to adjust to real-time changes, leading to increased fuel
costs, customer dissatisfaction, and delivery delays. This project aims to tackle these
issues through optimized route planning and data structure selection.
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CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND STUDY

- Existing Solutions
Current route optimization solutions rely on basic GPS-based navigation and
traditional path-finding algorithms like Dijkstra’s and Traveling Salesman Problem
(TSP) approximations. While effective for static routes, these solutions struggle with
dynamic changes and priority-based adjustments.

- Problem Definition
Develop a comprehensive routing system that not only optimizes delivery routes but
also dynamically adapts to address changes and prioritizes deliveries based on
customer satisfaction or urgency. This includes selecting and implementing suitable
data structures and algorithms that can handle real-time routing adjustments
efficiently.

- Goals/Objectives
1. Implement a routing optimization solution that minimizes fuel consumption and
delivery time.
2. Integrate data structures for fast handling of real-time address changes.
3. Develop an adaptable prioritization system to manage delivery urgency and
customer satisfaction metrics.
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CHAPTER 3. DESIGN FLOW/PROCESS

- Evaluation & Selection of Specifications/Features

The project requires data structures capable of efficient routing and updating in real-
time, as well as algorithms that minimize computation time and enhance adaptability:

- Graph Data Structure: For representing the delivery route network.

- Priority Queue: Enables quick selection of high-priority deliveries.
- Time-Series Database: Manages and analyzes historical traffic data for
predictions.
- Analysis of Features and Finalization Subject to Constraints
Constraints include computational power, data latency, and GPS accuracy. The
finalized features are:

-Dynamic Address Update: Uses AVL trees for quick updates.

-Priority-Based Selection: Priority queue structure to manage delivery urgencies.
- Traffic Prediction for Adaptive Routing: Integrates time-series analysis for
predictive route adjustments.

- Design Flow
1. Data Input: Address locations, customer satisfaction metrics, and historical traffic
data.
2. Algorithm Selection:
- Dijkstra’s Algorithm for basic shortest path calculations.
- A Algorithm for routes requiring heuristic adjustments.
- TSP Heuristics for multi-stop deliveries.
- Dynamic Pathfinding: Adjust routes in response to real-time data changes.
3. System Components:
- Address list stored in AVL Trees for rapid updates.
- Priority Queue manages high-urgency deliveries.
- Graph structure models the delivery network for route optimization.
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CHAPTER 4. RESULTS ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION

- Implementation of Solution
The solution was implemented using Python with support from libraries like
NetworkX for graph-based route planning, SciPy for time-series predictions, and
priority queue structures for efficient data handling. Tests were conducted on
simulated delivery data, analyzing improvements in route optimization, handling
real-time address changes, and managing customer priority adjustments.

- Results Analysis
Preliminary results indicate:
- Reduction in Delivery Time: The optimized routes led to a reduction in total
delivery time by approximately 20%.
- Fuel Efficiency: Shorter, more efficient routes decreased fuel usage by about
15%.
-Real-Time Adaptation: Address changes were accommodated within seconds,
significantly improving system responsiveness.

- Validation
Validation was performed by comparing optimized routes with traditional static
routes. The dynamic system outperformed static models, especially in scenarios
involving frequent address changes and prioritized deliveries.
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CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

- Conclusion
The project demonstrates that integrating advanced data structures and algorithms
can significantly enhance delivery route efficiency and adaptability. The system
effectively reduces delivery time and fuel usage while adjusting to dynamic address
changes and prioritizing urgent deliveries.

-Future Work
Future enhancements include:
- Integrating machine learning models for improved traffic prediction.
- Expanding priority parameters to include weather conditions.
- Developing a mobile interface for real-time driver feedback and route updates.